Neutrophil Adhesion Molecule Expression and Serum Concentration of Soluble Adhesion Molecules during and after Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery with or without Cardiopulmonary Bypass

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1078-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Hambsch ◽  
Pavel Osmancik ◽  
József Bocsi ◽  
Peter Schneider ◽  
Attila Tárnok
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cardiovascular Surgery ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery

Background Increased neutrophil activation by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiovascular surgery is thought to be responsible for postoperative complications. In children, the contribution of cardiovascular surgery alone to this response is not well-characterized. Methods Children undergoing surgery with CPB (CPB group, n = 35) and without CPB (control, n = 22) were studied (age, 3-17 yr). Blood was drawn 24 h preoperatively before medication, after anesthesia, after connection to CPB, at reperfusion, 4 h to 2 days after surgery, at discharge, and months after surgery. Neutrophil antigen expression and serum concentration of adhesion molecules, interleukin 8, and C5a (fragment of C5 complement) were analyzed by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results With and without CPB, anesthesia and surgery induced decreased LFA-1 (CD11a-CD18), Mac-1 (CD11b-CD18), CD45, and CD54 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1) surface expression and sICAM-1 serum concentrations (all P < 0.001). sL-selectin serum concentration decreased with CPB (P < 0.001) but was not significantly altered in the control. In contrast, CD62L expression increased during CPB (P < 0.001). The time course of all analyzed markers was not significantly different between CPB and control, with the exception of sL-selectin (P = 0.017). One-day preoperative baseline values were reached days to months after surgery. Interleukin 8 and C5a serum concentrations increased after surgery in both the CPB group and the control group. Conclusions Pediatric cardiovascular surgery leads to reduced adhesiveness and activity of circulating neutrophils. This reduction is more pronounced and sustained with CPB. These data may be useful in the assessment of novel therapeutic strategies.

Increased Serum Concentrations of Adhesion Molecules after Coronary Angioplasty

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Kurz ◽  
Bernhard Graf ◽  
Franz Gremmel ◽  
Christian Wurnig ◽  
Felix Stockenhuber
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Coronary Angioplasty ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1

1. Reocclusion is still a significant complication after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. The injury of coronary arteries resulting from PTCA plays an important role in the pathophysiology of both abrupt closure and late restenosis after an initially successful procedure. Cytokines play a pivotal role in the accumulation of circulating blood cells at the endothelium and are known to regulate their interaction with the vessel wall. 2. To obtain further information about this interaction, serum concentrations of soluble endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (sELAM-1), leucocyte endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (sL-selectin), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were monitored in 30 consecutive patients referred for elective PTCA. Fifteen patients who underwent elective coronary angiography without PTCA served as controls. 3. All patients underwent successful first PTCA. Within 24 h the serum concentrations of sELAM-1 increased gradually from 21.7 (SD 7.1) to 48.2 (SD 8.6) ng/ml (P < 0.01); levels of sL-selectin rose from 982.1 (SD 128.7) to 1541.3 (SD 104.6) ng/ml after 48h (P < 0.01). Serum levels of IL-8 remained stable initially, but peaked at the end of the observation time of 72 h (9.4, SD 3.8, versus 16.1, SD 4.9 ng/ml; P < 0.05). A positive correlation was found between the number of dilatations and the rise in these parameters (P < 0.01). No significant changes were found in the serum concentrations of sICAM-1 and sIL-2R after PTCA or in any of the parameters in patients after coronary angiography. 4. We conclude that PTCA induces a significant rise in the concentration of certain adhesion molecules in serum. Thus, we provide preliminary data on the potential role of cytokines for blood cell-endothelium interaction after PTCA. Further investigations and larger numbers of patients are needed to clarify the role of circulating cytokines for endothelial injury and restenosis after PTCA.

scholarly journals Investigation of interleukin-8 serum concentration in patients undergoing different types of open heart surgical procedures with the extracorporeal circulation

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Svetlana Tadic ◽  
Miljko Ristic ◽  
Bela Balint ◽  
Natasa Milic
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Aortic Valves ◽  
Different Types

Serum concentrations of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) in 15 patients with surgically revascularized myocardium by triple venous cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB x 3) and in 10 patients with implanted artificial aortic valves (AV) were measured. Average IL-8 concentrations in ?CPB x 3? patients and in those with artficial aortic valve were 7,3 +/- 11,6 pg/mL 24 hours before surgery, i.e. 3,3 +/- 3,4 pg/mL; six hours after surgical procedure 32,7 +/- 71,4 pg/mL, i.e. 8,9 +/- 9,9 pg/mL; and 24 hours after surgery 10,9+/-9,7pg/mL, i.e. 8,3 +/- 4,6 pg/mL. Extracorporeal circulation (ECC) caused significant increase of IL-8 serum concentration in both investigated groups six hours after surgery. Comparing preoperative values of the both groups, as well as those of 6 and 24 hours after surgery, no significant values of IL-8 were found. Various types of open heart surgical procedures had no influence on the extent of the production and secretion of proinflammatory IL-8 cytokine measured in patients during 24 hours after surgery.

Expression of soluble endothelial adhesion molecules in clinical cardiopulmonary bypass

Perfusion ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 314-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Galea ◽  
Naomi Rebuck ◽  
Adam Finn ◽  
Alex Manché ◽  
Neil Moat
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhesion Molecule Expression ◽  
Endothelial Cell Activation ◽  
Endothelial Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Endothelial Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Serial Measurements

Soluble endothelial adhesion molecule expression in clinical cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was investigated. Neutrophil-mediated endothelial injury plays an important role in CPB-induced organ dysfunction. The adhesion of neutrophil to the endothelium is central to this process. It has been well documented that CPB induces neutrophil activation and changes in neutrophil adhesion molecule expression, but the effect of CPB on endothelial cell activation is not known. This study was designed to measure soluble endothelial adhesion molecules during CPB. We made serial measurements (by specific enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay) of plasma levels of the soluble endothelial adhesion molecules, ICAM-1 and E-selectin in patients undergoing routine CPB ( n =7) and in a control group (thoracotomy, n = 3). The results show an initial significant decrease during CPB followed by an increase in plasma E-selectin from 29.3 ± 5.1 ng/ml (mean ± SEM) prebypass to 34.0 ± 5.4 ng/ml at 48 h postbypass. Likewise, plasma ICAM-1 significantly decreased during CPB and then increased from 246.3 ± 38.0 ng/ml before bypass to 324.8 ± 25.0 ng/ml and 355.0 ± 23.0 ng/ml at 24 and 48 h after bypass, respectively. The rise in levels is statistically significant ( p < 0.05). This study shows a decrease in circulating ICAM-1 and soluble E-selectin during CPB and an increase in their levels at 48 h after CPB.

Zirkulierende leukozytäre Adhäsionsmoleküle bei Patienten mit chronischer venöser Insuffizienz

VASA ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciuffetti ◽  
Lombardini ◽  
Pasqualini ◽  
Vaudo ◽  
Lupattelli
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Leucocyte Count ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Stasis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques have detected the existence of circulating forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular endothelial adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin, all of which mediate leucocyte-endothelial adhesion. This study determined whether circulating cell adhesion molecules were increased in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) which causes venous stasis. Patients and methods: Before and after walking and upon recovery blood samples were drawn from the saphenous vein in 20 CVI patients: 10 with varicose veins (group 1), 10 with deep venous insufficiency (group 2). 10 healthy controls were enrolled. The total leucocyte count and the soluble levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin were determined. Results: After walking, the total leucocyte count decreased significantly (p < 0.01) only in group 2 and sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 increased significantly (p < 0.01). Upon recovery, these significant differences remained in group 2. No significant modification was observed at any stage of the study in group 1 or in the control group. Conclusions: These results suggest persistently high levels of circulating adhesion molecules may contribute to worsen microvascular perfusion, which leads to the onset of trophic damage in CVI.

Soluble endothelial adhesion molecules during paediatric cardiovascular surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Osmancik ◽  
Jörg Hambsch ◽  
Peter Schneider ◽  
Wilfried Bellinghausen ◽  
Attila Tarnok
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Cardiovascular Surgery ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Endothelial Activation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endothelial Response ◽  
Soluble P

Background: Paediatric cardiovascular surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass induces a complex pattern of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. It is suspected that they may contribute to changes on the vascular endothelium. The endothelial response to cardiosurgical trauma and cardiopulmonary bypass, especially in children, has yet to be well established. Patients and methods: We studied 29 children undergoing cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, comparing them with 21 not undergoing bypass. The groups did not differ significantly with respect to age, sex, weight and preoperative parameters. Blood samples were drawn 24 h before surgery, after onset of anaesthesia, after onset of cardiopulmonary bypass and after rewarming in those undergoing bypass, or immediately after surgery in the control group, 4 h and 2 days after surgery, at discharge, and months after surgery during out-patient follow-up. Serum levels of soluble E-selectin, P-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results: Paediatric cardiovascular surgery leads perioperatively to the significant decreases of the serum levels of soluble P- and E-selectin, as well as of soluble P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (all p < 0.05). The time course, and all concentrations, of these molecules were not significantly different with and without bypass. The decreases, however, were more pronounced with cardiopulmonary bypass. Preoperative baseline values were reached months after surgery. Conclusion: Endothelial activation of release of adhesion molecules is reduced during paediatric cardiovascular surgery. Endothelial activity is more perturbed with cardiopulmonary bypass and for a long time after surgery.

Clinical application of a new ternary polymer, SEC-1 coat™, for pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass circuits: a prospective randomized pilot study

Perfusion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 826-832
Author(s):  
Tomomi Hasegawa ◽  
Yoshihiro Oshima ◽  
Shinji Yokoyama ◽  
Asuka Akimoto ◽  
Yusuke Misaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Counts

Objective: The use of biocompatible materials to reduce the systemic activation of inflammation and coagulation pathways is expanding rapidly. However, there have been few clinical studies of biocompatible circuits for pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. This pilot study aimed to preliminarily evaluate the biocompatibility of SEC-1 coat™ (SEC) for cardiopulmonary bypass circuits in pediatric cardiac surgery. Methods: Twenty infants undergoing cardiac surgery for isolated ventricular septal defects at Kobe Children’s Hospital were assigned randomly to an SEC-coated (SEC group, n = 10) or heparin-coated (control group, n = 10) circuit. Perioperative data and the following markers were prospectively analyzed: platelet counts and interleukin-6, interleukin-8, C3a, β-thromboglobulin, and thrombin–antithrombin complex levels. Results: Neither patient characteristics nor postoperative clinical outcomes differed significantly between the SEC and control groups. Platelet counts markedly decreased during cardiopulmonary bypass in both groups, but were significantly better preserved in the SEC group. Fewer patients needed postoperative platelet transfusions in the SEC group. After cardiopulmonary bypass termination, serum levels of β-thromboglobulin and thrombin–antithrombin complex were significantly lower in the SEC than in the control group. Although the differences were not statistically significant, serum levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and C3a had a tendency toward being lower in the SEC group, with good preservation of leukocyte counts, fibrinogen, and antithrombin III. Conclusion: SEC-1 coat™ for cardiopulmonary bypass circuits have good biocompatibility with regard to platelet preservation and in terms of attenuating inflammatory reaction or coagulation activation during pediatric cardiac surgery. It can be beneficial in pediatric as well as adult cardiac surgery.

scholarly journals Role of acute phase proteins in diagnosis of uremic pancreatitis and destructive pancreatitis in patients receiving renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Kazim G. Gasanov ◽  
Viktor A. Zurnadzhyants ◽  
Eldar A. Kchibekov ◽  
M. I. Shikhragimov
Keyword(s):  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Surgical Unit

Objective. To determine the blood serum 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin concentration in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis) for the diagnosis of uremic pancreatitis and / or destructive pancreatitis. Materials and methods. The study involved 52 patients admitted to the Surgical Unit of Astrakhan "RZhD-Medicine" Hospital and City Clinical Hospital № 3. The blood serum 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin concentration was analyzed in patients admitted on an emergency basis with suspicion of uremic pancreatitis and destructive pancreatitis, who receive renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis). The control group included 50 outpatients undergoing renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis). The study did not include patients with suspected pancreatitis who were not receiving renal replacement therapy. The period of the study is 20192021. Results. The concentration of blood serum 2-microglobulin is statistically higher than normal in all patients, who had received renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis) in anamnesis. The most statistically high concentration of 2-microglobulin was revealed while studying patients with uremic pancreatitis (n = 34), and was (30.0 2.75 mg/l) compared with the blood serum concentration in patients with destructive pancreatitis (8 0.51 mg / l). The concentration of 2-macroglobulin was statistically lower in destructive pancreatitis (n = 18) and was 615 161 mg/l compared with uremic pancreatitis (980 216 mg/l). In the control group of outpatients (n = 50) receiving renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis), no statistically significant blood serum concentrations of 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin were found. Conclusions. A clear dependence of the concentration of 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin on the severity of uremic pancreatitis and destructive pancreatitis was established. Statistically high values of 2-microglobulin concentrations were obtained in patients with uremic pancreatitis, and the 2-macroglobulin level was statistically low in destructive pancreatitis.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Luteolin and Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside on anti-Atherogenesis in ApoE Knockout Mice with Hyperhomocysteinemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeon-A. Son ◽  
Chung-Mu Park ◽  
Youngsun Song
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apoe Knockout Mice ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

AbstractLuteolin is a naturally occurring flavone that reportedly has anti-inflammatory effect. Flavones in plants are usually present in the form of glucosides, although occasionally they are found as aglycones. The bioavailability of flavones may differ when consumed as either aglycones or glucosides. Nonetheless, numerous studies focused on the biological activity of flavonoid aglycones or that in vitro. These findings are supporting reason to compare the anti-atherogenic effect of aglycone and glucoside forms of flavones in vivo. Male ApoE knockout mice (n = 28, 6-week-old) were divided randomly into 4 groups of 7 mice: negative control group, homocysteine control group, luteolin and luteolin7-O-glucoside groups with homocysteine. All animals were fed by a high-fat diet, modified by AIN-93, containing 0.5% of cholesterol and 45% of fat. Luteolin and luteolin-7-O-glycoside were given daily by gavage for 5 weeks (50 mg/kg BW, respectively). To induce hyperhomocysteinemia, homocysteine was provided as a drinking water (0.9g/L). Administration of homocysteine did not affect body weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency ratio among groups. Homocysteine feeding sharply increased serum concentrations of homocysteine and triglyceride as well as adhesion molecules including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, which were attenuated by the administration of luteolin and luteolin-7-O-glucoside (p < 0.05). Homocysteine administration produced development of atherosclerotic process by the induction of hepatic inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 as well as aortic intercellular adhesion molecule expressions along with diminished expressions of antioxidative enzymes, such as hepatic glutathione reductase (GR), aortic GR and glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05). Administration of both flavones down-regulated expressions of inflammatory mediators and adhesion molecules as well as up-regulated expressions of antioxidative enzymes (p < 0.05). These data were in accordance with the histopathological observations which were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain and immunohistochemistry. In a comparison of both agents, luteolin more potently attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress than luteolin-7-O-glucoside. These results exhibit that luteolin and luteolin-7-O-glycoside ameliorated atherogenic processes through the regulation of inflammation and oxidative stress in ApoE knockout mice with hyperhomocysteinemia. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government of MOE (No 201704340001).

scholarly journals Circulating cell adhesion molecules in metabolically healthy obesity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arij Mulhem ◽  
Yusef Moulla ◽  
Nora Klöting ◽  
Thomas Ebert ◽  
Anke Tönjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obesity ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Abstract Background/Objectives People with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) may still have an increased risk for cardiovascular mortality compared to metabolically healthy lean (MHL) individuals. However, the mechanisms linking obesity to cardiovascular diseases are not entirely understood. We therefore tested the hypothesis that circulating cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are higher in MHO compared to MHL individuals. Subjects/Methods Serum concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), E-selectin and P-selectin were measured in age- and sex-matched groups of MHL (n = 32), MHO categorized into BMI-matched insulin sensitive (IS, n = 32) or insulin resistant (IR) obesity (n = 32) and people with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO, n = 32). Results Indeed, individuals with MHO have significantly higher sICAM-1, E-selectin, and P-selectin serum concentrations compared to MHL people. However, these CAMs are still significantly lower in IS compared to IR MHO. There was no difference between the groups in sVCAM-1 serum concentrations. Compared to all other groups, circulating adhesion molecules were significantly higher in individuals with MUO. Conclusions These findings suggest that obesity-related increased cardiovascular risk is reflected and may be mediated by significantly higher CAMs. The mechanisms causing elevated adhesion molecules even in the absence of overt cardio-metabolic risk factors and whether circulating CAMs could predict cardiovascular events need to be explored.

scholarly journals Application of Dexmedetomidine in Cardiopulmonary Bypass Prefilling

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 155932582093976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Shaowei Wang ◽  
Zhen Xing ◽  
Fulong Li ◽  
Jinliang Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the application of dexmedetomidine (Dex) in cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: A total of 60 patients undergoing elective cardiopulmonary bypass were divided into control (C) group and Dex group. In the Dex group, appropriate amount of Dex was added into the membrane lung prefilling solution before anesthesia induction, while those in control group were given normal saline. The levels of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) at different times were measured. The levels of cardiac troponin I (CTNI), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) at different points (T0/T1/T2/T3/T4) in both groups were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: The intraoperative and postoperative levels of MAP and HR in the 2 groups were significantly lower than those preoperatively ( P < .05). The levels of MAP and HR in the Dex group were significantly lower than those of the C group ( P < .05). The levels of CTNI/MDA/IL-6/TNF-α at different points in both groups were significantly higher than those at T0 ( P < .05). The serum levels of CTNI, MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α in the Dex group at T1/T2/T3/T4 were significantly lower than those in the C group ( P < .05). The rate of arrhythmia in the Dex group was significantly lower than that in the C group ( P < .05). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine has a stable effect in cardiopulmonary priming solution.

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