Association of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level with arterial stiffness and coronary artery calcification in middle-aged and older adults

Background: Coronary Artery Calcification (CAC) is considered an important cardiovascular risk factor. There is evidence that CAC is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, coronary events and cardiovascular mortality. Inflammation is one of the factors associated with CAC and despite the interest in antioxidant compounds that can prevent CAC, its association with antioxidants remains unclear. Objective: This study aimed to systematically review the association between vitamins and minerals with antioxidant effects and CAC in adults and older adults. Methods: We conducted a systematic review using PubMed for articles published until October 2018. We included studies conducted in subjects aged 18 years and older with no previous cardiovascular disease. Studies involving animal or in vitro experiments and the ones that did not use reference methods to assess the CAC, dietary intake or serum levels of vitamin or mineral were excluded. Results: The search yielded 390 articles. After removal of duplicates, articles not related to the review, review articles, editorials, hypothesis articles and application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 articles remained. The results of the studies included in this systematic review suggest that magnesium is inversely associated with CAC and results on the association between CAC and vitamin E have been conflicting. Conclusion: Additional prospective studies are needed to elucidate the role of these micronutrients on CAC.

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Changes in medical treatment six months after risk stratification with HeartScore and coronary artery calcification scanning of healthy middle-aged subjects

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1177/1741826711428063 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 1496-1502 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mette Hjortdal Sørensen ◽

Oke Gerke ◽

Jess Lambrechtsen ◽

Niels Peter Rønnow Sand ◽

Rikke Mols ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Risk Stratification ◽

Medical Treatment ◽

Coronary Artery Calcification ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Aged Subjects

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The Relationship between Coronary Artery Calcification as Assessed by Multi-Detector Computed Tomography and Arterial Stiffness

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension ◽

10.3109/10641963.2011.601376 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 501-505 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jin-Sun Park ◽

Un-Jung Choi ◽

Hong-Seok Lim ◽

Byoung-Joo Choi ◽

So-Yeon Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Coronary Artery Calcification ◽

The Relationship ◽

Multi Detector Computed Tomography

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Social factors and coping status in asymptomatic middle-aged Danes: Association to coronary artery calcification

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494813492032 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (7) ◽

pp. 737-743 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rikke Elmose Mols ◽

Niels Peter Sand ◽

Jesper Møller Jensen ◽

Kristian Thomsen ◽

Axel C. P. Diederichsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Social Factors ◽

Coronary Artery Calcification ◽

Middle Aged ◽

And Coping

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Coronary Artery Calcification Progression Is Associated with Arterial Stiffness and Cardiac Repolarization Deterioration in Hemodialysis Patients

Kidney & Blood Pressure Research ◽

10.1159/000325656 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 180-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Biagio Di Iorio ◽

Onorio Nargi ◽

Emanuele Cucciniello ◽

Vincenzo Bellizzi ◽

Serena Torraca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Coronary Artery Calcification ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Cardiac Repolarization

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62 Time course of improvement in secretory unbalance of asymmetric dimethylarginine and nitric oxide productions in response to exercise training in middle-aged and older adults

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehz872 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

S Fujie ◽

N Hasegawa ◽

K Sanada ◽

T Hamaoka ◽

S Maeda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Time Course ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Training Group ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Plasma Adma ◽

Before And After

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (#17H02182, #16K13059, M. Iemitsu; #18J01024, S. Fujie) Introduction Aging is well known to elevate risks of cardiovascular diseases. As a mechanism of these increased risks with aging, a reduction of nitric oxide (NO) production via augmented secretion of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthesis is related. Habitual aerobic exercise has shown to improve secretory unbalance of endothelium-derived regulating factors with aging, such as increase in NO and decrease in ADMA, resulting in the reduction of arterial stiffness. However, the time course of improvement in secretory unbalance of NO and ADMA productions in response to exercise training in middle-aged and older adults remains unclear. Purpose This study aimed to determine the time course of changes in plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and ADMA levels related to exercise-training effects of arterial stiffness in healthy middle-aged and older adults. Methods Thirty-two Japanese healthy middle-aged and older subjects (67 ± 1 years) were randomly divided into two groups: exercise intervention and sedentary controls. Subjects in the training group completed 8-week of aerobic exercise training (60-70% peak oxygen uptake [VO2peak] for 45 min, 3 days/week). We evaluated plasma NOx and ADMA concentrations and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) as an index of arterial stiffness, measured every 2 weeks for 8-week in the training group. Results cfPWV was gradually declined from baseline to 8-week and significantly decreased from baseline at weeks 6 (P < 0.05) and 8 (P < 0.01). Plasma NOx level was gradually elevated during exercise intervention and significantly increased from baseline at weeks 6 (P < 0.05) and 8 (P < 0.01). Interestingly, plasma ADMA level was significantly decreased at 8-week intervention (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the exercise training-induced reduction in plasma ADMA level was negatively correlated with the change in plasma NOx level before and after the 8-week (r = -0.483, P < 0.05). The exercise training-induced change in plasma ADMA concentration was positively correlated with training-induced change in cfPWV before and after the 8-week (r = 0.633, P < 0.01). Additionally, there was a negative correlation between the changes in plasma NOx level and cfPWV before and after the 8-week (r = -0.642, P < 0.05). Conclusions These results suggest that habitual aerobic exercise can normalize the secretory unbalance of NO and ADMA productions in 6 to 8 weeks, and these balance normalizations may be contributed to the reduction of arterial stiffness in the middle-aged and older adults.

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The Efficacy of Stretching Exercises on Arterial Stiffness in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Non-Randomized Controlled Trials

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17165643 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (16) ◽

pp. 5643 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michitaka Kato ◽

Fumi Nihei Green ◽

Kazuki Hotta ◽

Toshiya Tsukamoto ◽

Yasunari Kurita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Vascular Endothelial Function ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Stretching Exercises

Background: Aerobic exercise is known to reduce arterial stiffness; however, high-intensity resistance exercise is associated with increased arterial stiffness. Stretching exercises are another exercise modality, and their effect on arterial stiffness remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether stretching exercises reduce arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults, performing the first meta-analysis of currently available studies. Methods: We searched the literature for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs published up to January 2020 describing middle-aged and older adults who participated in a stretching intervention vs. controls without exercise training. The primary and secondary outcomes were changes in arterial stiffness and vascular endothelial function and hemodynamic status. Pooled mean differences (MDs) and standard MDs (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the intervention and control groups were calculated using a random effects model. Results: We identified 69 trials and, after an assessment of relevance, eight trials, including a combined total of 213 subjects, were analyzed. Muscle stretching exercises were shown to significantly reduce arterial stiffness and improve vascular endothelial function (SMD: −1.00, 95% CI: −1.57 to −0.44, p = 0.0004; SMD: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.26 to 2.03, p = 0.01, respectively). Resting heart rate (HR) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased significantly after stretching exercise intervention (MD: −0.95 beats/min, 95% CI: −1.67 to −0.23 beats/min, p = 0.009; MD: −2.72 mm Hg, 95% CI: −4.01 to −1.43 mm Hg, p < 0.0001, respectively) Conclusions: Our analyses suggest that stretching exercises reduce arterial stiffness, HR, and DBP, and improve vascular endothelial function in middle-aged and older adults.

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