scholarly journals Study for cerebral central network mechanism of acupuncture stimulation quantity based on changes of cerebral functional connection of fMRI

Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (14) ◽  
pp. e25480
Author(s):  
Yihao Zhou ◽  
Jing Shi ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Xuelian Zhang ◽  
Anhong Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connection ◽  
Acupuncture Stimulation ◽  
Network Mechanism ◽  
Central Network

scholarly journals Brain Functional Interaction of Acupuncture Effects in Diarrhea-Dominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Ma ◽  
Yongkang Liu ◽  
Wei Shao ◽  
Jianhua Sun ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Gastrointestinal Dysfunction ◽  
Functional Connection ◽  
Acupuncture Stimulation ◽  
Lingual Gyrus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Middle Occipital Gyrus ◽  
The Brain

Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine treatment that has widely been used to modulate gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and to alleviate the resulting pain. Recent studies have shown that gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by IBS is associated with dysregulation of the brain's central and peripheral nervous system, while functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) helps explore functional abnormality of the brain. However, previous studies rarely used fMRI to study the correlations between brain functional connection, interaction, or segregation (e.g., network degree and clustering coefficient) and acupuncture stimulation in IBS. To bridge this knowledge gap, we study the changed brain functional connection, interaction, and segregation before and after acupuncture stimulation for diarrhea-dominant IBS (IBS-D) with the help of complex network methods based on fMRI. Our results indicate that the abnormal functional connections (FCs) in the right hippocampus, right superior occipital gyrus, left lingual gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, and the cerebellum, and abnormal network degree in right middle occipital gyrus, where normal controls are significantly different from IBS-D patients, are improved after acupuncture stimulation. These changed FCs and the network degree before and after acupuncture stimulation have significant correlations with the changed clinical information including IBS symptom severity score (r = −0.54, p = 0.0065) and IBS quality of life (r = 0.426, p = 0.038). We conclude that the changes of the brain functional connection, interaction, and segregation in the hippocampus, middle and superior occipital gyrus, cerebellum, and the lingual gyrus may be related to acupuncture stimulation. The abnormal functional connection, interaction, and segregation in IBS-D may be improved after acupuncture stimulation.

scholarly journals Oncolytic Virotherapy: The Cancer Cell Side

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 939
Author(s):  
Marcelo Ehrlich ◽  
Eran Bacharach
Keyword(s):  
Viral Replication ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
Oncogenic Signaling ◽  
Functional Connection ◽  
Immunity Genes ◽  
Cancer Cell Metabolism ◽  
Editing Process

Cell autonomous immunity genes mediate the multiple stages of anti-viral defenses, including recognition of invading pathogens, inhibition of viral replication, reprogramming of cellular metabolism, programmed-cell-death, paracrine induction of antiviral state, and activation of immunostimulatory inflammation. In tumor development and/or immunotherapy settings, selective pressure applied by the immune system results in tumor immunoediting, a reduction in the immunostimulatory potential of the cancer cell. This editing process comprises the reduced expression and/or function of cell autonomous immunity genes, allowing for immune-evasion of the tumor while concomitantly attenuating anti-viral defenses. Combined with the oncogene-enhanced anabolic nature of cancer-cell metabolism, this attenuation of antiviral defenses contributes to viral replication and to the selectivity of oncolytic viruses (OVs) towards malignant cells. Here, we review the manners by which oncogene-mediated transformation and tumor immunoediting combine to alter the intracellular milieu of tumor cells, for the benefit of OV replication. We also explore the functional connection between oncogenic signaling and epigenetic silencing, and the way by which restriction of such silencing results in immune activation. Together, the picture that emerges is one in which OVs and epigenetic modifiers are part of a growing therapeutic toolbox that employs activation of anti-tumor immunity for cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Reconfiguration of human evolving large-scale epileptic brain networks prior to seizures: an evaluation with node centralities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rieke Fruengel ◽  
Timo Bröhl ◽  
Thorsten Rings ◽  
Klaus Lehnertz
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Node Centrality ◽  
Network Mechanism

AbstractPrevious research has indicated that temporal changes of centrality of specific nodes in human evolving large-scale epileptic brain networks carry information predictive of impending seizures. Centrality is a fundamental network-theoretical concept that allows one to assess the role a node plays in a network. This concept allows for various interpretations, which is reflected in a number of centrality indices. Here we aim to achieve a more general understanding of local and global network reconfigurations during the pre-seizure period as indicated by changes of different node centrality indices. To this end, we investigate—in a time-resolved manner—evolving large-scale epileptic brain networks that we derived from multi-day, multi-electrode intracranial electroencephalograpic recordings from a large but inhomogeneous group of subjects with pharmacoresistant epilepsies with different anatomical origins. We estimate multiple centrality indices to assess the various roles the nodes play while the networks transit from the seizure-free to the pre-seizure period. Our findings allow us to formulate several major scenarios for the reconfiguration of an evolving epileptic brain network prior to seizures, which indicate that there is likely not a single network mechanism underlying seizure generation. Rather, local and global aspects of the pre-seizure network reconfiguration affect virtually all network constituents, from the various brain regions to the functional connections between them.

scholarly journals Functional Connection Between Posterior Superior Temporal Gyrus and Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Human

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2309-2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Garell ◽  
H. Bakken ◽  
J. D. W. Greenlee ◽  
I. Volkov ◽  
R. A. Reale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Functional Connection ◽  
Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex

Effect of acupuncture stimulation on rats with depression induced by water-immersion stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 618 ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Tanahashi ◽  
Ken Takagi ◽  
Nozomi Amagasu ◽  
Guifeng Wang ◽  
Kaito Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Immersion ◽  
Acupuncture Stimulation

Cerebral Cortex Participation in the Physiological Mechanisms of Acupuncture Stimulation: A Study by Auditory Endogenous Potentials (P300)

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Liang Hsieh ◽  
Tsai-Chung Li ◽  
Chien-Yu Lin ◽  
Nou-Ying Tang ◽  
Qwang-Yuen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Neuropsychological Effects ◽  
Acupuncture Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acupoint Specificity ◽  
Stimulation Of

Although acupuncture has traditionally used the acupoints formula to treat diseases, the physiological mechanisms involved and the effectiveness of therapy remain unclear. This study investigated the physiological mechanism(s) and response to acupuncture stimulation using the acupoints formula. Scalp-recorded potentials P300 were evoked by auditory stimulation of non-target and target in 13 normal adult volunteers. Latencies and amplitudes were measured. Three assessments were performed in each subject over a period of at least one week. Each assessment was divided into a control period with no acupuncture stimulation, followed by an acupuncture period and then a post-acupuncture period. Acupuncture needles were inserted into the body as follows: 1) non-acupoint: acupuncture needles were inserted 2 cm lateral to both Zusanli acupoints; 2) acupoint: acupuncture needles were inserted into both Zusanli acupoints; 3) acupoints formula: acupuncture needles were inserted into both Zusanli and Shousanli acupoints. Our results showed that both acupoint and acupoints formula assessments resulted in a significant decrease of P300 amplitudes during the acupuncture and post-acupuncture periods. However, there was significant difference in P300 amplitudes in the non-acupoint assessment during these periods. P300 changes in latencies and amplitudes were not significantly different between the acupoint assessment and the acupoints formula assessment. We concluded that acupuncture stimulation of both Zusanli acupoints resulted in a decrease of P300 amplitudes, suggesting the involvement of the cerebral cortex in sensory interaction when simultaneous sensations of the two types are received. No similar changes were observed in the non-acupoint assessment, which have been suggested to be related to so-called acupoint specificity. Results obtained using the acupoints formula were not significantly different from those using acupoints alone. These findings suggested that neuropsychological effects from stimulation of Zusanli acupoints and Shousanli acupoints are different.

Brain activation under electro-acupuncture stimulation using functional MRI

NeuroImage ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. S862 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fukunaga ◽  
Y. Someya ◽  
C. Tanaka ◽  
T. Ebisu ◽  
M. Umeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Acupuncture Stimulation

scholarly journals Different Brain Network Activations Induced by Modulation and Nonmodulation Laser Acupuncture

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Wei Hsieh ◽  
Jih-Huah Wu ◽  
Chao-Hsien Hsieh ◽  
Qwa-Fun Wang ◽  
Jyh-Horng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Laser Acupuncture ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Left Frontal Lobe ◽  
External Stimulation ◽  
Acupuncture Stimulation

The aim of this study is to compare the distinct cerebral activation with continued wave (CW) and 10 Hz-modulated wave (MW) stimulation during low-level laser acupuncture. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies were performed to investigate the possible mechanism during laser acupuncture stimulation at the left foot's yongquan (K1) acupoint. There are 12 healthy right-handed volunteers for each type of laser stimulation (10-Hz-Modulated wave: 8 males and 4 females; continued wave: 9 males and 3 females). The analysis of multisubjects in this experiment was applied by random-effect (RFX) analysis. In CW groups, significant activations were found within the inferior parietal lobule, the primary somatosensory cortex, and the precuneus of left parietal lobe. Medial and superior frontal gyrus of left frontal lobe were also aroused. In MW groups, significant activations were found within the primary motor cortex and middle temporal gyrus of left hemisphere and bilateral cuneus. Placebo stimulation did not show any activation. Most activation areas were involved in the functions of memory, attention, and self-consciousness. The results showed the cerebral hemodynamic responses of two laser acupuncture stimulation modes and implied that its mechanism was not only based upon afferent sensory information processing, but that it also had the hemodynamic property altered during external stimulation.

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