scholarly journals On the surface-tension of liquids investigated by the method of jet vibration

1907 ◽  
Vol 80 (535) ◽  
pp. 26-27 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Standing Waves ◽  
Exact Determination ◽  
Relative Measurements

1. According to Lord Rayleigh’s theory of jet-vibrations, measurement of the length of the standing waves and the velocity and cross-section of a jet, together with the density of the liquid, affords the necessary constants for the calculation of the surface-tension. Notwithstanding the great fundamental advantages of this method, it has only been used in very few cases, and only for relative measurements of the surface-tension. The explanation hereof is to be found in the great difficulties connected with the adequate exact determination of the wave-length, and cross-section or velocity of the jet. As none of the methods in use for the measurement of these quantities could be taken as satisfactory, the main object of this investigation has been to work out really good methods for them.

Laboratory Notes by Professor Tait b. Determination of the Surface-Tension of Liquids by the Ripples produced by a Tuning-Fork

1875 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 485-485
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Tuning Fork ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Simple Waves ◽  
Image Position

A slight modification of a formula given by Sir W. Thomson (Phil. Mag. ii. 1871), shows that the period (t) of oscillation of a particle in a deep mass of liquid agitated by simple waves or ripples iswhere λ is the wave-length, T the surface-tension, and ρ the density of the liquid. By producing, with the aid of a massive tuning-fork, steady ripples in various liquids all subjected to the same conditions, and measuring micrometrically the length of these ripples, the quantity T is determined with considerable accuracy from the above formula.

TRANSMISSION OF LIGHT BY WATER DROPS 1 TO 5 μ IN DIAMETER

1944 ◽  
Vol 22a (3) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ruedy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Index Of Refraction ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Propagation Of Light ◽  
Water Drops

The size of the drops formed when water vapour condenses is related to the work performed against the surface tension. For the determination of the size by optical methods, Mie's solution of the electromagnetic equations for the propagation of light of wave-length λ in a medium containing small spherical drops of radius a indicates that as the ratio α = 2πa/λ increases from 0 to 20, the intensity of the light received in the prolongation of the incident beam passes alternately through maximum and minimum values. At distances from the drops greatly exceeding λ, the first maximum lies close to α = 2π, the second is near α = 8.6, and the subsequent peaks are less distinct and tend to repeat themselves at α = (m + 3/4)π. As a result of these fluctuations the light seen through a cloud of particles with diameters greater than about 1 μ is coloured. The theory accounts for the cycles in the changes of colour observed when the diameter increases, and enables a determination of the radius of growing drops. With increasing radius, the influence of the index of refraction m decreases; for m = ∞ the positions and values of the peaks differ only slightly from those obtained with water.

scholarly journals IX. On the surface-tension of liquids investigated by the method of jet vibration

1908 ◽  
Vol 207 (413-426) ◽  
pp. 341-392 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Stationary Waves ◽  
Circular Aperture ◽  
Transverse Vibrations ◽  
Capillary Tension

Among the large number of methods available for the determinations of the surface-tension of liquids that proposed by Lord Rayleigh stands out with great fundamental advantages. The principle is as follows:—A jet of liquid issuing from a not circular aperture is executing transverse vibrations depends upon the time elapsed, it is always the same at the same point in space, and thus the motion is steady and the boundary of the jet a fixed surface showing stationary waves. Measurements of the corresponding wave-length (λ), the velocity (V), and cross-section (A) of the jet, together with density ( ρ ) of the liquid afford the necessary constants for the calculation of the capillary-tension (T) according to Lord Rayleigh's theory of jet-vibration.

A quantitative approach to inner shell losses

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 526-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.D. Leapman ◽  
P. Rez ◽  
D.F. Mayers
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Background Intensity ◽  
Core Excitation ◽  
Quantitative Basis ◽  
Cross Section Differential ◽  
Bound Electrons

Microanalysis by EELS has been developing rapidly and though the general form of the spectrum is now understood there is a need to put the technique on a more quantitative basis (1,2). Certain aspects important for microanalysis include: (i) accurate determination of the partial cross sections, σx(α,ΔE) for core excitation when scattering lies inside collection angle a and energy range ΔE above the edge, (ii) behavior of the background intensity due to excitation of less strongly bound electrons, necessary for extrapolation beneath the signal of interest, (iii) departures from the simple hydrogenic K-edge seen in L and M losses, effecting σx and complicating microanalysis. Such problems might be approached empirically but here we describe how computation can elucidate the spectrum shape.The inelastic cross section differential with respect to energy transfer E and momentum transfer q for electrons of energy E0 and velocity v can be written as

Profil Penyakit Malaria Di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Tahun 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 08-15
Author(s):  
Rahma Triyana ◽  
Salmi Salmi
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Malaria is one of the health problems in Indonesia, especially West Sumatra. Determination of the description of Malaria disease in an area is needed to determine the spread and severity of the disease. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution according to age, sex and place of residence, description of the types of Plasmodium causes of Malaria and hematological features in Malaria patients at Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018. This type of research is a descriptive observational study with an approach or design cross section (cross sectional). The frequency distribution of Malaria sufferers in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 according to the highest age was in the age group 21-30 years as many as 28 cases (36.8%), the highest sex among men was 46 (60.5%) and the highest number of residences was found in Koto Tangah sub-district there were 31 cases (40.8%). The type of Plasmodium found in Malaria cases in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 was P. vivax (73 cases (96.05%)) and P. falciparum (3 cases (3.95%)). The results of laboratory tests on Hb, hematocrit, platelet and leukocyte levels in Malaria positive patients in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 were in the normal range.

Profil Penyakit Malaria di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Tahun 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 08-15
Author(s):  
Rahma Triyana Y ◽  
Salmi Salmi
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Malaria is one of the health problems in Indonesia, especially West Sumatra. Determination of the description of Malaria disease in an area is needed to determine the spread and severity of the disease. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution according to age, sex and place of residence, description of the types of Plasmodium causes of Malaria and hematological features in Malaria patients at Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018. This type of research is a descriptive observational study with an approach or design cross section (cross sectional). The frequency distribution of Malaria sufferers in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 according to the highest age was in the age group 21-30 years as many as 28 cases (36.8%), the highest sex among men was 46 (60.5%) and the highest number of residences was found in Koto Tangah sub-district there were 31 cases (40.8%). The type of Plasmodium found in Malaria cases in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 was P. vivax (73 cases (96.05%)) and P. falciparum (3 cases (3.95%)). The results of laboratory tests on Hb, hematocrit, platelet and leukocyte levels in Malaria positive patients in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 were in the normal range.

Automation of selected brazes' dynamic properties in high-temperatures' measurement process

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Dominik Sankowski ◽  
Marcin Bakala ◽  
Rafał Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Measurement Methodology ◽  
Joining Process ◽  
Wetting Force ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract The good quality of several manufactured components frequently depends on solidliquid interactions existing during processing. Nowadays, the research in material engineering focuses also on modern, automatic measurement methods of joining process properties, i.a. wetting force and surface tension, which allows for quantitative determination of above mentioned parameters. In the paper, the brazes’ dynamic properties in high-temperatures’ measurement methodology and the stand for automatic determination of braze’s properties, constructed and implmented within the research grant nr KBN N N519 441 839 - An integrated platform for automatic measurement of wettability and surface tension of solders at high temperatures, are widely described

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