Design Privacy with Analogia Graph

Human vision is often guided by instinctual commonsense such as proportions and contours. In this paper, we explore how to use the proportion as the key knowledge for designing a privacy algorithm that detects human private parts in a 3D scan dataset. The Analogia Graph is introduced to study the proportion of structures. It is a graph-based representation of the proportion knowledge. The intrinsic human proportions are applied to reduce the search space by an order of magnitude. A feature shape template is constructed to match the model data points using Radial Basis Functions in a non-linear regression and the relative measurements of the height and area factors. The method is tested on 100 datasets from CAESAR database. Two surface rendering methods are studied for data privacy: blurring and transparency. It is found that test subjects normally prefer to have the most possible privacy in both rendering methods. However, the subjects adjusted their privacy measurement to a certain degree as they were informed the context of security.

Assessment of visceral organ growth in pigs from birth through 150 kg

Visceral organs (VO) are essential for their role in the metabolism and distribution of consumed nutrients as well as other life functions in animals. Two experiments were conducted to assess the natural longitudinal changes that the VO undergo from birth through 150 kg body weight (BW). In Experiment 1, a total of 96 crossbred pigs were euthanized at birth (pre-suckle), d 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 (weaning), 22, 23, 24, 26, 28, 42, 49, and 63 of age. In Experiment 2, a total of 48 crossbred pigs were euthanized at 30, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 kg of BW. The absolute weight of VO, and the volume and length of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) were measured. In both experiments, the absolute weight of VO, GIT length, and their volume increased (linear, quadratic, and/or cubic, P < 0.05) as BW and age increased. In Experiment 1, the relative weight of VO (liver, kidney, heart, and lung) decreased after initially increasing within the first week of life (linear, quadratic, and/or cubic, P < 0.05), whereas the relative weight of all VO decreased as BW increased in Experiment 2 (linear and/or quadratic, P < 0.05). The relative length of small intestine decreased and that of large intestine increased as age increased in Experiment 1 (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05), whereas the relative length of the small and large intestine in Experiment 2 were relatively constant at 80% and 20% of the total length of the intestine, respectively. As age and BW increased, the relative volume of the large intestine to the total volume of the GIT increased (linear and/or quadratic, P < 0.05), while the relative volume of the small intestine decreased (linear and/or quadratic, P < 0.05). In conclusion, results showed that both absolute and relative measurements (weight, volume, and length) of VO were dependent on the BW (age) of the pig.

Image Processing Techniques For Improved Sun Sensor Performance

The behaviour of digital sun-sensors and associated super-resolution algorithms was explored. Using calibration data, a method was proposed to model the peak width of peaks across the image array. Using this with the non-linear least square algorithm gave improved performance across the field-of-view. A test was proposed that would measure precision for small sensor motions. Also, a method of accounting for local bias error was given. The small motion test defined limits at which the sensor detects motion, and the precision test gave metrics to measure how well the sensor renders motion. Finally, an extended kalman filter was developed that used sun-vector measurements, in addition to a new relative measurement. This was tested using a well-defined sensor as well as a generic sensor for which few error data were known. Results indicate that relative measurements only improve performance if random noise is low.

Image Processing Techniques For Improved Sun Sensor Performance

The behaviour of digital sun-sensors and associated super-resolution algorithms was explored. Using calibration data, a method was proposed to model the peak width of peaks across the image array. Using this with the non-linear least square algorithm gave improved performance across the field-of-view. A test was proposed that would measure precision for small sensor motions. Also, a method of accounting for local bias error was given. The small motion test defined limits at which the sensor detects motion, and the precision test gave metrics to measure how well the sensor renders motion. Finally, an extended kalman filter was developed that used sun-vector measurements, in addition to a new relative measurement. This was tested using a well-defined sensor as well as a generic sensor for which few error data were known. Results indicate that relative measurements only improve performance if random noise is low.

Time-Fixed Glideslope Guidance for Approaching the Proximity of an Asteroid

The guidance and control problem of spacecraft approaching an asteroid using constant continuous thrust is studied in this work. The range of interest is from hundreds of kilometers to several kilometers, in which relative measurements of much higher accuracy than based on Earth can be used to facilitate further hovering or landing operations. Time-fixed glideslope guidance algorithm is improved by introducing a substitute of an existing control parameter and combined with elliptical relative orbital dynamics to rendezvous the spacecraft with a prescribed location in the proximity of a given asteroid. A vast range of values for the control parameters are explored and suitable combinations are found. To fully validate the robustness and accuracy of the proposed control algorithm, Monte Carlo simulations are done with the navigational error and implementation error considered.

METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MONITORING THE PROFESSIONAL READINESS TEACHERS TO WORK IN AN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT

The article considers the problem of monitoring the professional teacher’s readiness to work in an inclusive education environment. A review of scientific research was conducted and the methods of the professional teacher’s readiness to work in the inclusive education environment were developed, because the system of continuous teacher’s training to work in the inclusive education environment needs development and implementation of monitoring the professional teacher’s readiness to work in the inclusive education environment. It is proposed to interpret monitoring as a system of continuous, scientifically and methodologically approved observation of the dynamic of professional and postgraduate primary school teacher’s training to work in the conditions of inclusion and correlation the quality of this training with the predefined criteria, indicators and stages with the further prolonged development of mechanisms and procedures of reaching this criteria. It is indicated that that development of the program, methodology and algorithm of monitoring the professional teacher’s readiness to work in inclusive education conditions foresees taking into account the components and criteria of teacher’s readiness, the conditions, components and functions of the postgraduate education of teacher. Monitoring of the professional teacher’s readiness to work in inclusive education conditions foreseed the goal, task, the principles, stages, diagnostic’s toolkit, stages and forms; it was carried out in the form of the survey, test, interview and self-diagnosis. It was marked that the methods offered by us foreseed the implementation of the stages of teacher’s professional readiness, on the basis of monitoring’s data. With the help of the developed diagnostic toolkit we made monitoring in the experimental educational institutions where 462 students (257 bachelors and 205 masters) and 162 teachers took part. We made a resume in the absolute and relative measurements according to the bachelors masters and postgraduate stages. According to the monitoring’s results we made a conclusion and defined the main differences between the target groups of the respondents of the research and marked the need to provide the scientifically proved and empirically verified the measures of scientifically methodological accompaniment.Key words: monitoring, stages of the professional readiness, continuous training, professional training, inclusive education. У статті розглядається проблема здійснення моніторингу професійної готовності вчителів до роботи в умовах інклюзивного навчання. Проведено огляд наукових досліджень та розроблено методику моніторингу професійної готовності вчителів до роботи в умовах інклюзивного навчання, оскільки система неперервної професійної підготовки педагога до роботи в умовах інклюзивного середовища навчання потребує розроблення й упровадження моніторингу професійної готовності учителів до роботи в умовах інклюзивного навчання. Запропоновано трактування моніторингу як системи неперервного, науково і методично обґрунтованого спостереження динаміки фахової та післядипломної підготовки вчителя початкової школи до роботи в умовах інклюзії та співвіднесення якості цієї підготовки із заздалегідь визначеними критеріями, показниками і рівнями з подальшою пролонгованою побудовою механізмів і процедур їх досягнення. Вказано, що розробка програми, методики, алгоритму моніторингу професійної готовності вчителів до роботи в умовах інклюзивного навчання передбачала врахування компонен-тів і критеріїв готовності педагога, умов, складників і функцій післядипломної освіти педагогів. Моні-торинг професійної готовності вчителів до роботи в умовах інклюзивного навчання передбачав мету, завдання, принципи, етапи, інструментарій діагностики, рівні, форми; здійснювався у формі анкетування, тестування, інтерв’ювання, самодіагностики. Зазначено, що пропоновані нами методики передбачали встановлення на основі даних моніторингу рівнів професійної готовності вчителів до роботи в умовах інклюзивного навчання. За розробленим діагностичним інструментарієм проведено моніторинг в експериментальних закладах освіти. Респондентами дослідження стали 462 студенти (257 бакалаврів, 205 магістрів) та 162 вчителі. Узагальнено дані моніторингу в абсолютних і відносних вимірах за бакалаврським, магістерським і післядипломним рівнями. Відповідно до результатів моніторингу зроблено висновки, визначено основні відмінності між цільовими групами респондентів дослідження та вказано на необхідність упровадження в процес підготовки та підвищення кваліфікації вчителів початкової школи науково обґрунтованих і емпірично перевірених заходів науково-методичного супроводу.Ключові слова: моніторинг, рівні професійної готовності, неперервна підготовка, професійна підготовка, інклюзивна освіта.

Investigating GNSS multipath effects induced by co-located Radar Corner Reflectors

Radar Corner Reflectors (CR) are increasingly used as reference targets for land surface deformation measurements with the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique. When co-located with ground-based Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) infrastructure, InSAR observations at CR can be used to integrate relative measurements of surface deformation into absolute reference frames defined by GNSS. However, CR are also a potential source of GNSS multipath effects and may therefore have a detrimental effect on the GNSS observations. In this study, we compare daily GNSS coordinate time series and 30-second signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) observations for periods before and after CR deployment at a GNSS site. We find that neither the site coordinates nor the SNR values are significantly affected by the CR deployment, with average changes being within 0.1 mm for site coordinates and within 1 % for SNR values. Furthermore, we generate empirical site models by spatially stacking GNSS observation residuals to visualise and compare the spatial pattern in the surroundings of GNSS sites. The resulting stacking maps indicate oscillating patterns at elevation angles above 60 degrees which can be attributed to the CR deployed at the analysed sites. The effect depends on the GNSS antenna used at a site with the magnitude of multipath patterns being around three times smaller for a high-quality choke ring antenna compared to a ground plane antenna without choke rings. In general, the CR-induced multipath is small compared to multipath effects at other GNSS sites located in a different environment (e. g. mounted on a building).