The accurate measurement of permittivity by means of an open resonator

1971 ◽  
Vol 325 (1563) ◽  
pp. 493-509 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Present Method ◽  
Open Resonator ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Microwave Frequencies ◽  
Experimental Errors

A method for the measurement of permittivity at microwave frequencies using an open resonator is proposed. The theory of the method is developed, and an experimental procedure is evolved and justified. It is shown that the present method has advantages over other open resonator methods which have been proposed, and a thorough experimental study of the method has shown that experimental errors can be made very small indeed.

Experimental Study of Wave Modes Coupling in Open Resonator Excited by Electron Flow

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-429
Author(s):  
V. P. Shestopalov ◽  
V. G. Kurin ◽  
B. K. Skrynnik
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Electron Flow ◽  
Open Resonator ◽  
Modes Coupling ◽  
Wave Modes

scholarly journals Cyanuric Chloride-Catalyzed Michael Addition of Indoles to Nitroolefins under Solvent-Free Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Xiao Juan Yang ◽  
Yun Jing
Keyword(s):  
Michael Addition ◽  
Present Method ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Cyanuric Chloride ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Michael Addition ◽  
Solvent Free Reaction

Cyanuric chloride is an inexpensive, efficient, and mild catalyst for the Michael addition of indoles to nitroolefins at 70°C under solvent-free conditions. The simple experimental procedure, solvent-free reaction conditions, utilization of an inexpensive and readily available catalyst, short period of conversion, and excellent yields are the advantages of the present method.

scholarly journals An experimental verification of Newton's second law

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Roberto Hessel ◽  
Saulo Ricardo Canola ◽  
Dimas Roberto Vollet
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Experimental Arrangement ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Crystal Oscillator ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Oscillator Circuit ◽  
Experimental Errors ◽  
Newton's Second Law

We describe an experimental procedure to probe the validity of Newton's second law. The experimental arrangement allows us to accelerate a glider on an air track by means of forces that are both steady and known. We also show how to determine acceleration from average speeds calculated for successive time intervals of the motion measured by using several electronic counters connected to a single-crystal oscillator circuit. Within experimental errors, the experiments clearly show the proportionality between acceleration and force for a fixed mass and between acceleration and inverse of mass for a fixed force.

An Experimental Study of Bearing and Thread Friction in Fasteners

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Nassar ◽  
H. El-Khiamy ◽  
G. C. Barber ◽  
Q. Zou ◽  
T. S. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Threaded Fasteners ◽  
Thread Pitch ◽  
Bearing Friction

An experimental procedure is proposed for studying the underhead and thread friction in fasteners. The effective bearing friction radius, the underhead friction coefficient, and the thread friction coefficient are experimentally determined for fasteners with standard hexagonal heads and for flanged head fasteners. Hence, greater accuracy has been achieved in determining the value of the torque components that are consumed in overcoming friction in threaded fasteners. This would lead to a more reliable torque-tension correlation and would enhance the safety and quality of bolted assemblies. A design of experiment procedure is presented in order to investigate the effect of fastener material class, the thread pitch, and the fastener size on thread friction coefficient. For the underhead bearing friction, an experimental model is presented in order to determine the effect of the radii ratio of the contact area on the bearing friction radius.

Mechanical Behavior of Structural Concrete Made with Recycled Aggregates from Tunnel Excavation

2010 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Paola Antonaci ◽  
Davide Masera
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Tunnel Excavation ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Laboratory Protocol

The results of an experimental study concerning the behavior of concretes made with recycled aggregates under repeated mechanical and thermal actions are presented. A comparison with the performances achieved by similar concretes made with traditional aggregates in the same working conditions eventually made it possible to estimate the actual quality and durability of the recycled concretes examined and identify possible limitations in their use. The laboratory protocol here adopted is suggested as a practical experimental procedure to test hardened concretes and pre-qualify their performances with respect to compressive actions and thermal solicitations.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Forces and Parameters for the Opening of Incisions Inside Ocular Cavity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Olenin Ramírez-Beltrán ◽  
Luis Adrian Zuninga Avilés ◽  
Rosa Maria Valdovinos-Rosas ◽  
Jose Javier Reyes-Lagos ◽  
Giorgio Mackenzie Cruz-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Elastic Material ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Orbital Cavity ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The experimental results of forces and efforts derived from the opening of incisions in the orbital cavity in a pig’s head are presented in this article. The different areas of the incision openings are related to the needs at the incision procedure for a dacryocystorhinostomy. In terms of the experimental procedure, an origin and a plane are defined so as to allow the location of the opening of the incision. The incisions are retracted along an axis of said origin. This procedure has been based on the mathematical model developed for this work, which consists of a procedure for determining the behavior of an incision when a force is applied to retract the skin. The experimental data obtained, suggests the existence of an almost linear relationship between the increment of resistance in relation to the time obtained for each opening, the same of which is deemed to be consistent with the behavior of an elastic material.

An Experimental Study of Bearing and Thread Friction in Fasteners

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Nassar ◽  
H. El-Khiamy ◽  
G. C. Barber ◽  
Q. Zou ◽  
T. S. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Threaded Fasteners ◽  
Thread Pitch ◽  
Bearing Friction

An experimental procedure is proposed for studying the underhead and thread friction in fasteners. The effective bearing friction radius, the underhead friction coefficient, and the thread friction coefficient are experimentally determined for fasteners with standard hexagonal heads and for flanged head fasteners. Hence, greater accuracy has been achieved in determining the value of the torque components that are consumed in overcoming friction in threaded fasteners. This would lead to a more reliable torque-tension correlation and would enhance the safety and quality of bolted assemblies. A Design of Experiment (DOE) procedure is presented in order to investigate the effect of fastener material class, the thread pitch, and the fastener size on thread friction coefficient. For the underhead bearing friction, an experimental model is presented in order to determine the effect of the contact area radii ratio on the bearing friction radius.

Experimental Study of Freely Alignable Journal Bearings—Part 1: Static Characteristics

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Tieu ◽  
Z. L. Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Journal Bearings ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Static Characteristics ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Force Coefficients ◽  
Experimental Errors ◽  
Side Flow ◽  
Excitation Method

The characteristics of two misaligned journal bearings were experimentally studied. A bearing test rig was developed. The experimental journal was freely alignable in two possibly misaligned journal bearings. In Part 1, the static characteristics, such as the distributions of oil film thickness and the pressure and temperature of two misaligned bearings, are measured; the relationships of eccentricity, attitude angle, and side flow to the Sommerfeld number are experimentally determined. In Part 2, the traditional harmonic excitation method is extended to estimate the sixteen dynamic force coefficients of two misaligned journal bearings. Sixteen force coefficients of two circular journal bearings, each with two axial grooves, are estimated and the threshold stable speeds are predicted. Various experimental errors and the uncertainty of the estimated coefficients are analyzed.

The absolute determination of extinction cross-sections by the use of an open resonator

1970 ◽  
Vol 315 (1521) ◽  
pp. 217-230 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Incident Wave ◽  
Open Resonator ◽  
Extinction Cross Section ◽  
Microwave Frequencies ◽  
Quarter Wavelength ◽  
Total Scattering Cross Section

A new experimental technique for determining the extinction cross-section of an obstacle at microwave frequencies is described. This method does not involve the measurement of fields but requires only the determination of the Q -factor of an open resonator, which can be done very accurately. By measuring the Q -factor of the resonator with no obstacle present, and then with the obstacle in two different positions a quarter wavelength apart along the axis of the resonator, the extinction cross-section can be deduced. The methodis, however, restricted to a class of obstacles possessing reflexion symmetry in a plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the incident wave. Experimental results with brass spheres for which the absorption is negligible (and therefore the extinction cross-section is nearly equal to the total scattering cross-section), give excellent agreement with Mie’s theory. Results are also given for steel spheres.

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