scholarly journals Phylogeny and palaeoecology of Polyommatus blue butterflies show Beringia was a climate-regulated gateway to the New World

2011 ◽  
Vol 278 (1719) ◽  
pp. 2737-2744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Vila ◽  
Charles D. Bell ◽  
Richard Macniven ◽  
Benjamin Goldman-Huertas ◽  
Richard H. Ree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Vladimir Nabokov ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biological Corridor ◽  
Global Cooling ◽  
Phylogenetic Conservatism ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Hostile Environments

Transcontinental dispersals by organisms usually represent improbable events that constitute a major challenge for biogeographers. By integrating molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography and palaeoecology, we test a bold hypothesis proposed by Vladimir Nabokov regarding the origin of Neotropical Polyommatus blue butterflies, and show that Beringia has served as a biological corridor for the dispersal of these insects from Asia into the New World. We present a novel method to estimate ancestral temperature tolerances using distribution range limits of extant organisms, and find that climatic conditions in Beringia acted as a decisive filter in determining which taxa crossed into the New World during five separate invasions over the past 11 Myr. Our results reveal a marked effect of the Miocene–Pleistocene global cooling, and demonstrate that palaeoclimatic conditions left a strong signal on the ecology of present-day taxa in the New World. The phylogenetic conservatism in thermal tolerances that we have identified may permit the reconstruction of the palaeoecology of ancestral organisms, especially mobile taxa that can easily escape from hostile environments rather than adapt to them.

A novel method for survival of rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.) mother plants under extreme climatic conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Absar Nilofer ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh ◽  
Devendra Kumar ◽  
Parminder Kaur ◽  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pelargonium Graveolens ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Novel Method

scholarly journals Notes on distribution and relative abundances of some animal species, and on climate in the Kruger National Park during prehistoric times

Koedoe ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Plug
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Animal Population ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
Insight Into

Faunal remains obtained from archaeological sites in the Kruger National Park, provide valuable information on the distributions of animal species in the past. The relative abundances of some species are compared with animal population statistics of the present. The study of the faunal samples, which date from nearly 7 000 years before present until the nineteenth century, also provides insight into climatic conditions during prehistoric times.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Conflict

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vally Koubi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Level Of Economic Development

The link between climate change and conflict has been discussed intensively in academic literature during the past decade. This review aims to provide a clearer picture of what the research community currently has to say with regard to this nexus. It finds that the literature has not detected a robust and general effect linking climate to conflict onset. Substantial agreement exists that climatic changes contribute to conflict under some conditions and through certain pathways. In particular, the literature shows that climatic conditions breed conflict in fertile grounds: in regions dependent on agriculture and in combination and interaction with other socioeconomic and political factors such as a low level of economic development and political marginalization. Future research should continue to investigate how climatic changes interact with and/or are conditioned by socioeconomic, political, and demographic settings to cause conflict and uncover the causal mechanisms that link these two phenomena.

scholarly journals a vital past

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-67
Author(s):  
Elena Grigoryeva ◽  
Konstantin Lidin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New World ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Past ◽  
Special Meaning ◽  
Design And Construction

We lived and lived. But then, whoops!We found ourselves in other times…Timur Shaov. “Other times (listening to Galich once again)”Crises shaking our reality in the last decades happen so often that they overlap each other like roof tiles. Linear development of the second half of the twentieth century gave way to the era of cardinal changes. While building a new world, we strongly feel the need to preserve and comprehend the past. It is possible to understand the new only in comparison with the past. The disappearing world that consists of separate, isolated and selfcontained fragments is embodied in monuments of architecture. Images, techniques and practices of design and construction acquire a special meaning and new relevance in these new times. Wooden architecture of Siberia and stone merchant houses in Yalutorovsk, ancient churches and Leonidov’s avant-garde project, ruins of Stalin’s camps and the Korean Garden in Irkutsk are elements of the past that we need to understand the present. Protesting against the unification of tastes, breach of family relations and destruction of traditions, glocalization is on the rise.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Historical Facts in Modern Italian Literature by the Example of Umberto Eco’s Novel “Baudolino”

2015 ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Mushtanova
Keyword(s):  
Italian Literature ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ultimate Truth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Italian City ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Government

The article is devoted to interpretation of historical facts in Umberto Eco's novel " Baudolino ". The subject of interpretation in the novel is medieval history, in particular, the reign of the emperor Frederick Barbarossa. Eco uses the typical for the historical novel method, which is the combination of facts from chronicles and fictional elements; the events are shown by the eyes of an invented character Baudolino. Emphasizing the connection between history and modernity, Eco proposes to revise the stereotypes associated with the mentioned historical period. The portraits of historical figures are borrowed from the chronicles, however in the novel they get more emotional in the perception of the protagonist, typical cliches are replaced by individuality. The opposition of italian communes to the government of Frederick also becomes a part of Baudolino's personal history. The interpretation of many events is based on legendary sources, including local tales of the italian city Alessandria, the legends of Grail and of Prester John. The legendary material fills in the gaps in medieval history. Many events (in particular, the participation of Barbarossa in the Third Crusade) correspond to the chronicles in the descriptive part, however they acquire a fictional motivation. The mystery of the emperor's death is solved in a detective key. The novel presents various doctrines elaborated in the imperial office of Frederick, their authorship is attributed to Baudolino. In the novel «Baudolino» Umberto Eco not only interprets creatively certain facts of the past, but he also practices the postmodern concept of history, according to which the past is unknowable as objective and ultimate truth and therefore it exists only in the form of a narrative. The past and the present have no fundamental difference, the history is always interpreted from the perspective of the present.

scholarly journals Using Video to Give More Effective and Engaging Science Talks

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric B. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Presentation Time ◽  
Effective Science ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
Remaining Time ◽  
Live Presentation

Science presentations at conferences are an important way that scientists share exciting research discoveries. Some presentations are informative and engaging, but unfortunately many are not. This article describes a novel method (Video Let’s Talk, VLT) for more engaging and effective science presentations, where the presenter 1. makes a video that fills half of the presentation time, 2. shows the video in lieu of a live presentation, and 3. spends the remaining time engaging with the audience. The benefits and challenges of the VLT method are described along with tips on how to do the VLT well. These insights are based on the author’s experience giving numerous VLT presentations to scientists, farmers and other groups over the past seven years. The VLT method is timely considering how the COVID pandemic has forced scientists to learn new skills in do it yourself (DIY) video making in order to participate in virtual conferences.

scholarly journals Tree Change in Nemoral Spruce Forests of the Central Forest Reserve

2021 ◽  
pp. 459-476
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Pukinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
The Past ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Leaved Forest

The paper discusses changes in forest-forming species in the nemoral spruce forests of the Central Forest Reserve (Tver Region, the Russian Federation). A comparison is made of the characterization of vegetation in the reserve spruce forests, carried out during the first survey of the reserve by Ya. Ya. Alekseev in 1931 (Alekseev, 1935) with the descriptions of vegetation made by the author from 2011 to 2019. It is shown that the coverage of nemoral herbs in the spruce forests of the reserve has increased over the past 90 years. In addition, three types of broadleaf trees (Tilia cordata Mill., Acer platanoides L. and Ulmus scabra Mill.) have greatly increased their abundance in the stand, most notably the linden. In recent decades, the decay of nemoral spruce forests has been taking place in the Central Forest Reserve. The birch-aspenspruce stand is not replenished with spruce renewal but is replaced by linden-maple forests. The vitality of spruce undergrowth is deteriorating. After the decay of a spruce forest, a change of the tree dominants occurs on 74% of the trial plots and the stand continues with a spruce forest on 26%. The largest part of the reserve's nemoral spruce forests arose after major disturbances 100–150 years ago (on the site of burned-out areas, hurricane windblows and cuttings). Old nemoral spruce forests were formed during the period when severe frosts prevented linden and maple from entering the stand. Currently, the coincidence of climate warming with the aging of the spruce stand and the removal of anthropogenic influence contributed to the release of maple and linden from the undergrowth into the stand and change to a spruce-deciduous forest. Under the prevailing climatic conditions, a return to the spruce forest is possible in the event of a burning out or when the climate becomes cold. The nemoral spruce forest is an ecotone type and, depending on conditions, becomes a spruce or broad-leaved forest.

scholarly journals Technoversal Leader: Triumphant Leader of the Technological Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Hakan Kapucu
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
New World Order ◽  
The Past

The new world order reminds disruptions and turmoil. Exponentially-developing technology plays a significant role in causing these radical changes. These rapidly-changing conditions affect leaders with all humans. As scientific knowledge, digital transformation, technology is a backbone at the point that humanity has reached. Thus, it has become a critical component, which affects leader behaviors and the skillset expected from them. In this context, this article introduces a new leader who distinguishes from other styles. This distinction arises from the skills that leaders must adopt in the future are different than the past, from the reality of the earth’s being on the edge of collapse, business leaders’ being obliged to act upon it. And along with these specific behaviors, the leaders’ having data-driven mindsets, being technology adept.

scholarly journals What are the dimensions of thinking skills in Turkish literature: a content analysis study?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Yalçın Dilekli
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
New World ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
Turkish Literature

<table width="593" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="387"><p>New world needs thinking generation. However, growing thinking generation is very difficult because there are many discrepancies in defining of thinking and thinking skills. Without defining thinking and its dimensions, it is nearly impossible to grow such generation. For having thinking generation, thinking and its dimensions should be described. In the past 20 years, there have been many different definitions with regard to thinking and thinking skills. But, three different approaches for defining thinking skills and needed basic cognitive operations were commonly accepted. Aim of this study whether these three approaches for defining thinking skills were accepted in Turkish literature or not. For this aim, 14 studies, selected from Turkish database, related to thinking skills were analyzed. According the content analysis results, Turkish literature follows these three movements for defining thinking skills except for belonging to specific areas. </p></td></tr></tbody></table>

scholarly journals A Control Theory Approach to Optimal Irrigation Scheduling in the Oklahoma Panhandle

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Harris ◽  
Harry P. Mapp
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
The Past

Climatic conditions in semiarid regions like the Oklahoma Panhandle result in wide fluctuations in rainfall, dryland crop yields, and returns to agricultural producers in the area. Irrigated crop production increases peracre yields and significantly reduces fluctuations in yields and net returns.Irrigated production of food and fiber in the Oklahoma Panhandle has developed rapidly during the past three decades, increasing from 11,500 to 385,900 acres since 1950 (Schwab). The primary source of irrigation water in the area is the Ogallala Formation, an aquifer underlying much of the Great Plains region. Until the past couple of years, the presence of relatively low cost natural gas led producers to expand irrigated production and apply high levels of water to crops irrigated in the area.

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