scholarly journals A probable cause of the Yearly variation of magnetic storms and auroræ.

1905 ◽  
Vol 74 (497-506) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Norman Lockyer ◽  
William J. S. Lockyer
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Magnetic Disturbance ◽  
Yearly Variation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Yearly Change ◽  
Meteorological Elements ◽  
Considerable Period ◽  
Magnetic Disturbances

The ordinary meteorological elements, such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, etc., have a yearly change satisfactorily explained as due to changes of the position of the earth’s axis in relation to the sun, or, in other words, the variation of the sun’s declination. There are, however, other phenomena, such as magnetic disturbances and auroræ, which have been explained differently. Thus, in regard to this seasonal variation Mr. Ellis has written, “The related physical circumstance is that at the equinoxes, when disturbance is more frequent, the whole surface of the earth comes under the influence of the sun, whilst at the solstices, when magnetic disturbance is less frequent, a portion of the surface remains for a considerable period in shadow.”

scholarly journals Observations of solar global oscillations (1983–1985) and potential influence of terrestrial sources of errors

1988 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
A.B. Severny ◽  
V.A. Kotov ◽  
T.T. Tsap
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Fluctuations

The Earth atmospheric pressure fluctuations in the 5-min range of periods are analysed and their influence on observations of solar 5-min oscillations are briefly discussed. New series of observations confirmed the oscillations of the Sun with period of 160.010 min.

On the annual variation of magnetic disturbance

1959 ◽  
Vol 251 (1001) ◽  
pp. 525-552 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Annual Variation ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Magnetic Disturbance ◽  
Statistical Features ◽  
Disturbance Intensity ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Annual Component ◽  
Summer Maximum ◽  
Dynamo Effect

Statistical features of the annual incidence of magnetic disturbance, over a very wide range of disturbance intensity and latitude, are exhaustively investigated by means of the K index and related ‘planetary’ indices. Two distinct and physically significant components are identified: ( a ) an annual component, with summer maximum and winter minimum; ( b ) a semi-annual component with equinoxial maxima. Soth components are found in all parts of the earth. The amplitude of the annual component increases markedly with latitude, while that of the semi-annual component changes little with latitude. The physical causes of the two types of variation are finally considered. The conclusions reached are ( a ) that the annual component is probably caused by an atmospheric dynamo effect; ( b ) that the semi-annual component arises because of a systematic annual variation of the angle between the earth's magnetic axis and the sun-earth line, along which travel the solar particles which cause magnetic disturbance.

scholarly journals Comparison between IRI-2012 and GPS-TEC observations over the western Black Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samed Inyurt ◽  
Omer Yildirim ◽  
Cetin Mekik
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Density Profile ◽  
Electron Density Profile ◽  
Sunspot Activity ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Dynamic Layer

Abstract. The ionosphere is a dynamic layer which generally changes according to radiation emitted by the sun, the movement of the earth around the sun, and sunspot activity. Variations can generally be categorized as regular or irregular variations. Both types of variation have a huge effect on radio wave propagation. In this study, we have focused on the seasonal variation effect, which is one of the regular forms of variation in terms of the ionosphere. We examined the seasonal variation over the ZONG station in Turkey for the year 2014. Our analysis results and IRI-2012 present different ideas about ionospheric activity. According to our analysed results, the standard deviation reached a maximum value in April 2014. However, the maximum standard deviation obtained from IRI-2012 was seen in February 2014. Furthermore, it is clear that IRI-2012 underestimated the VTEC values when compared to our results for all the months analysed. The main source of difference between the two models is the IRI-2012 topside ionospheric representation. IRI-2012 VTEC has been produced as a result of the integration of an electron density profile within altitudinal limits of 60–2000 km. In other words, the main problem with regard to the IRI-2012 VTEC representation is not being situated in the plasmaspheric part of the ionosphere. Therefore we propose that the plasmaspheric part should be taken into account to calculate the correct TEC values in mid-latitude regions, and we note that IRI-2012 does not supply precise TEC values for use in ionospheric studies.

scholarly journals XI. Note on an extension of the comparison of magnetic disturbances with magnetic effects inferred from observed terrestrial galvanic currents; and discussion of the magnetic effects inferred from galvanic currents on days of tranquil magnetism

1870 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 215-226 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Principal Part ◽  
The Self ◽  
Magnetic Disturbance ◽  
Magnetic Effects ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
Magnetic Disturbances

In a communication to the Royal Society, which was honoured by publication in the Philosophical Transactions for 1868, I described the methods and gave the results of comparing the Magnetic Disturbances which might be expected as consequent on the Terrestrial Galvanic Currents recorded by the self-registering galvanometers of the Royal Observatory of Greenwich, with the Magnetic Disturbances actually registered by the self-registering magnetometers. The comparison was limited to seventeen days (1865, October 5 and 31; 1866, October 4; 1867, April 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, May 4, 14, 28, 31, June 1, 2, 7, 24), various days having been omitted in consequence of a doubt on the uniformity of the clock-movement of the registering-barrel, which afterwards proved to be unfounded. The results of the comparison were exhibited in curves, engraved copies of which are given in the volume of publication. I expressed my opinion that it was impossible to doubt the general causal connexion of the Galvanic Currents with the Magnetic Disturbances, but that some points yet remained to be cleared up. As soon as circumstances permitted, I undertook the examination of the whole of the Earth-currents recorded during the establishment of the Croydon and Dartford Wires (namely from 1865 April 1 to 1867 December 31), as far as they should appear to bear upon this and similar questions. For this purpose the days of observation were divided by Mr. Glaisher into three groups. Group No. 1 contained days of considerable mag­netic disturbance (or days of considerable galvanic disturbance, which are always the same), including, besides the seventeen days above-mentioned, the thirty-six days of the following list :—1865, April 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, May 14, 17, July 7,15, August 14,19, 26, September 8, 16, 28, October 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, November 1; 1866, August 11, 23, September 8, 9,12,13,17,18, 25, October 6, 7,10, 30, November 26 ; 1867, February 8; making in all fifty-three days of considerable magnetic disturbance. Group No. 2 consisted of days of moderate magnetic disturbance, and of these no further notice was taken. Group No. 3 contained the days of tranquil magnetism, and the discussion of these will form the principal part of the present Memoir.

Solar Disturbances and Interdiurnal Variations of Atmospheric Pressure*

1942 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 388-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellsworth Huntington
Keyword(s):  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Causal Connection ◽  
The Sun ◽  
New Haven ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Solar Disturbances ◽  
The Relationship

Summary The conclusion is that interdiurnal variability of atmospheric pressure at New Haven appears to show a mathematically significant correlation with the position of sunspots on the disk of the sun as seen from the earth. The correlation indicates a double annual cycle in which high latitude of spots is associated with high barometric variability in summer and winter at about the time of the solstices and with low barometric variability in the spring and fall near the time when one or the other axis of the sun points most nearly to the earth. Whether the relationship thus suggested is thermal or electrical, or whether it has any causal connection with the axes of either the earth or the sun, we do not know. The important fact is that this first investigation of the latitude of sunspots in relation to barometric variability suggests that a hidden, and perhaps hitherto unrecognized factor, manifested in the form of the latitudinal location of sunspots, is somehow imposed upon the terrestrial factors which lead to interdiurnal changes of barometric pressure.

scholarly journals Seasonal variability of radiation tide in Gulf of Riga

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilnis Frishfelds ◽  
Juris Sennikovs ◽  
Uldis Bethers ◽  
Andrejs Timuhins
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Yearly Variation ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Gulf Of Riga

Abstract. Diurnal oscillations of water level in Gulf of Riga are considered. It was found that there is distinct daily pattern of diurnal oscillations in certain seasons. The role of sea breeze, gravitational tides and atmospheric pressure gradient are analysed. The interference of the first two effects provide the dominant role in diurnal oscillations. The effect of gravitational tides is described both with sole tidal forcing and also in real case with atmospheric forcing and stratification. The yearly variation of the declination of the Sun and stratification leads to seasonal intensification of gravitational tides in Gulf of Riga. Correlation between gravitational tide of the Sun with its radiation caused wind effects appears to be main driver of oscillations in Gulf of Riga. Daily variation of wind is primary source of S1 tidal component with a water level maximum at 18:00 UTC in Gulf of Riga. Effect of solar radiation influences also K1 and P1 tidal components which are examined, too.

Seti Space Missions

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 761-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Maccone
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Gravitational Lens ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Space Antenna ◽  
Focal Distance ◽  
Large Space ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Space Antennas ◽  
New Space

AbstractSETI from space is currently envisaged in three ways: i) by large space antennas orbiting the Earth that could be used for both VLBI and SETI (VSOP and RadioAstron missions), ii) by a radiotelescope inside the Saha far side Moon crater and an Earth-link antenna on the Mare Smythii near side plain. Such SETIMOON mission would require no astronaut work since a Tether, deployed in Moon orbit until the two antennas landed softly, would also be the cable connecting them. Alternatively, a data relay satellite orbiting the Earth-Moon Lagrangian pointL2would avoid the Earthlink antenna, iii) by a large space antenna put at the foci of the Sun gravitational lens: 1) for electromagnetic waves, the minimal focal distance is 550 Astronomical Units (AU) or 14 times beyond Pluto. One could use the huge radio magnifications of sources aligned to the Sun and spacecraft; 2) for gravitational waves and neutrinos, the focus lies between 22.45 and 29.59 AU (Uranus and Neptune orbits), with a flight time of less than 30 years. Two new space missions, of SETI interest if ET’s use neutrinos for communications, are proposed.

Spots on the Sun and Life on the Earth

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Valentina V. Ukraintseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Sun ◽  
The Earth

Much Ado about (Practically) Nothing

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Atomic Nucleus ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Rare Gases ◽  
Important Work ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life On Mars ◽  
The Universe

There are eight columns in the Periodic Table. The eighth column is comprised of the rare gases, so-called because they are the rarest elements on earth. They are also called the inert or noble gases because, like nobility, they do no work. They are colorless, odorless, invisible gases which do not react with anything, and were thought to be unimportant until the early 1960s. Starting in that era, David Fisher has spent roughly fifty years doing research on these gases, publishing nearly a hundred papers in the scientific journals, applying them to problems in geophysics and cosmochemistry, and learning how other scientists have utilized them to change our ideas about the universe, the sun, and our own planet. Much Ado about (Practically) Nothing will cover this spectrum of ideas, interspersed with the author's own work which will serve to introduce each gas and the important work others have done with them. The rare gases have participated in a wide range of scientific advances-even revolutions-but no book has ever recorded the entire story. Fisher will range from the intricacies of the atomic nucleus and the tiniest of elementary particles, the neutrino, to the energy source of the stars; from the age of the earth to its future energies; from life on Mars to cancer here on earth. A whole panoply that has never before been told as an entity.

Dombey and Son

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Dickens ◽  
Dennis Walder
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Future ◽  
Original Illustrations ◽  
The One

Dombey and Son ... Those three words conveyed the one idea of Mr. Dombey's life. The earth was made for Dombey and Son to trade in, and the sun and moon were made to give them light.' The hopes of Mr Dombey for the future of his shipping firm are centred on his delicate son Paul, and Florence, his devoted daughter, is unloved and neglected. When the firm faces ruin, and Dombey's second marriage ends in disaster, only Florence has the strength and humanity to save her father from desolate solitude. This new edition contains Dickens's prefaces, his working plans, and all the original illustrations by ‘Phiz’. The text is that of the definitive Clarendon edition. It has been supplemented by a wide-ranging Introduction, highlighting Dickens's engagement with his times, and the touching exploration of family relationships which give the novel added depth and relevance.

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