scholarly journals Development and evaluation of a new non-competitive Luminex immunoassay detecting antibodies against human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16 and 18

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Trevisan ◽  
Michel D. Wissing ◽  
Carole Dagenais ◽  
Pierre Forest ◽  
Agnihotram V. Ramanakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Quadrivalent Vaccine ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Antibody Levels

Serum antibody levels can be used to measure the humoral immune response against human papillomaviruses (HPV). We developed and validated a rapid, technically simple and relatively inexpensive multiplex non-competitive Luminex-based immunoassay (ncLIA) to measure total IgG antibody levels against four HPV types. For the assay’s solid phase, virus-like particles (VLPs) of HPV6, 11, 16 and 18 were bound to heparin-coated beads. HPV serum antibody levels binding to the VLPs were quantified using a phycoerithrin-conjugated secondary polyclonal donkey anti-human IgG antibody. Standardization and validation of the ncLIA were performed using 96 paired serum and genital samples from participants in the HITCH cohort study, including young women (aged 18–24 years) and their male sexual partners (aged 18+) in Montreal, Canada. Results from the ncLIA were compared to a validated Luminex immunoassay from PPD laboratories using Pearson’s correlation coefficients, receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic regression. Our assay had good inter- and intra-assay variability. The correlation of serum antibody levels between the ncLIA and validation assay was highest for HPV16 and HPV11 (r=0.90), followed by HPV6 (r=0.86) and HPV18 (r=0.67). The ncLIA was better able to predict HPV DNA positivity in genital samples than the validation assay for HPV16 [area under the curve (AUC) 0.65 versus 0.52, P=0.001] and HPV18 [AUC 0.71 versus 0.57, P=0.024]. AUCs for HPV6 and HPV11 were similar between the two assays (0.70 versus 0.71, P=0.59, and 0.88 versus 0.96, P=0.08, respectively). The developed ncLIA is useful for measuring total IgG antibody response following natural infection or vaccination against four HPV VLPs included in the quadrivalent vaccine.

Immunologic Response to Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Infants

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Sloyer ◽  
Laurel J. Karr ◽  
John H. Ploussard ◽  
Gerald D. Schiffman
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Young Infant ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Colonization ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Group 1

The serum antibody response to purified pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PCP) was determined in four groups of infants ranging in age from 3 to 24 months. Group 1 consisted of eight infants immunized with an octavalent vaccine containing serotypes 1, 3, 6, 7, 14, 18, 19 and 23 (PCP-8). Group 1 received 25 μg of each serotype at 3–6 months of age and again at 18–24 months. The antibody response after the second immunization was compared to a group of nine patients receiving a primary immunization at 18–24 months and to a group of ten age-matched controls receiving saline placebo. There were no significant differences in mean serum antibody levels between the two groups receiving the PCP-8. A fourth group of 44 infants between 6 and 21 months of age received either PCP-7 or PCP-8 and were followed for two years, at which time simultaneous injections of both vaccines were administered. Types 2, 3, 7, and 8 were most immunogenic but levels six months after immunization were approximately the same as for unimmunized controls with the exception of serotypes 3 and 7 which persisted for about two years. The class of antibody induced either by natural infection or by immunization was preferentially IgG and it was more often induced by the former. There were no significant differences between the serotypes of pneumococci isolated from nasopharyngeal cultures regardless of which vaccine was administered. Finally, the least immunogenic serotypes include 4, 6, 14, 19, and 23 and these are the only serotypes thus far associated with otitis media after immunization. The results suggest that PCP do not induce a lasting immune tolerance at the dose administered in this study; PCP are not very immunogenic in the young infant; PCP antibody tends to rise naturally; IgG antibody is preferentially induced; nasopharyngeal colonization is not altered by PCP immunization; and an association may exist between PCP immunogenicity and subsequent onset of otitis media.

Sustained Cross-reactive Antibody Responses After Human Papillomavirus Vaccinations: Up to 12 Years Follow-up in the Finnish Maternity Cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Kann ◽  
Matti Lehtinen ◽  
Tiina Eriksson ◽  
Heljä-Marja Surcel ◽  
Joakim Dillner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Ammonium Thiocyanate ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Quadrivalent Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccines ◽  
Antibody Avidity ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Reactive Antibody

Abstract Background Human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause several human cancers. Bivalent (Cervarix) and quadrivalent (qGardasil) HPV vaccines both contain virus-like particles of the major oncogenic HPV types 16 and 18, but also cross-protect against some nonvaccine types. However, data on long-term sustainability of the cross-reactive antibody responses to HPV vaccines are scarce. Methods Serum samples donated 7–12 years after immunization at age 16–17 years with bivalent (n = 730) or quadrivalent (n = 337) HPV vaccine were retrieved from the population-based Finnish Maternity Cohort biobank. Serum antibody levels against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68, and 73 were determined using multiplex pseudovirion binding assay. Antibody avidity was assessed using ammonium thiocyanate treatment. Results Seropositivity for HPV31, 33, 35, 45, 51, 52, 58, 59, 68, and 73 was increasingly common (P ≤ .001; χ 2 test for trend for each of these types) when women had high anti-HPV16 antibody levels. For 8 nonvaccine HPV types seropositivity was more common among recipients of bivalent than quadrivalent vaccine, in particular for HPV31, 35, 45, 51, 52, and 58 (P < .001). Antibody avidity was higher in the quadrivalent vaccine recipients for HPV6, 11, and two of the nonvaccine types, but lower for HPV16 and 18 (P < .001). Conclusions Both vaccines elicit cross-reactive antibodies detectable even 12 years after vaccination. Cross-reactive seropositivity is more common in women with high anti-HPV16 antibody response and in the bivalent vaccine recipients.

scholarly journals Long-Term Course of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Outpatients After SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Schiffner ◽  
Insa Backhaus ◽  
Jens Rimmele ◽  
Sören Schulz ◽  
Till Möhlenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Moderate Disease ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Antibody Levels

Characterization of the naturally acquired B and T cell immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is important for the development of public health and vaccination strategies to manage the burden of COVID-19 disease. We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional analysis in COVID-19 recovered patients at various time points over a 10-month period in order to investigate how circulating antibody levels and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release by peripheral blood cells change over time following natural infection. From March 2020 till January 2021, we enrolled 412 adults mostly with mild or moderate disease course. At each study visit, subjects donated peripheral blood for testing of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and IFN-γ release after SARS-CoV-2 S-protein stimulation. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were positive in 316 of 412 (76.7%) and borderline in 31 of 412 (7.5%) patients. Our confirmation assay for the presence of neutralizing antibodies was positive in 215 of 412 (52.2%) and borderline in 88 of 412 (21.4%) patients. Likewise, in 274 of 412 (66.5%) positive IFN-γ release and IgG antibodies were detected. With respect to time after infection, both IgG antibody levels and IFN-γ concentrations decreased by about half within 300 days. Statistically, production of IgG and IFN-γ were closely associated, but on an individual basis, we observed patients with high-antibody titres but low IFN-γ levels and vice versa. Our data suggest that immunological reaction is acquired in most individuals after natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and is sustained in the majority of patients for at least 10 months after infection after a mild or moderate disease course. Since, so far, no robust marker for protection against COVID-19 exists, we recommend utilizing both, IgG and IFN-γ release for an individual assessment of the immunity status.

scholarly journals Distinct age-specific SARS-CoV-2 IgG decay kinetics following natural infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin P Sjaarda ◽  
Emily Moslinger ◽  
Kyla Tozer ◽  
Robert I Colautti ◽  
Samira Kheitan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Decay Kinetics ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Multi Centre Study ◽  
Viral Neutralization ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Over Time

Background. Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 can be observed as early as 14 days post- infection, but little is known about the stability of antibody levels over time. Here we evaluate the long-term stability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies following infection in 402 adult donors. Methods. We performed a multi-centre study carried out at Plasma Donor Centres in the city of Heidelberg (Plasmazentrum Heidelberg, Germany) and Munich (Plasmazentrum M&uumlnchen, Germany). We present anti-S/N and anti-N IgG antibody levels in prospective serum samples collected up to 403 days post recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals. Results: The cohort includes 402 adult donors (185 female, 217 male; 17 - 68 years of age) where anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were measured in plasma samples collected between 18- and 403-days post SARS-CoV-2 infection. A linear mixed effects model demonstrated IgG decay rates that decrease over time (χ2=176.8, p<0.00001) and an interaction of time*age (χ2=10.0, p<0.005)), with those over 60+ years showing the highest baseline IgG levels and the fastest rate of IgG decay. Baseline viral neutralization assays demonstrated that serum IgG levels correlated with in vitro neutralization capacity in 91% of our cohort. Conclusion. Long-term antibody levels and age-specific antibody decay rates suggest the potential need for age-specific vaccine booster guidelines to ensure long term vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Serum Immunoglobulin G Antibody To Periodontal Bacteria

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Murayama ◽  
A. Nagai ◽  
K. Okamura ◽  
H. Kurihara ◽  
Y. Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Serological Data ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Antibody Levels

The purpose of this study was to assess the serum antibody levels to periodontal bacteria in patients with periodontal disease, and to explore the diagnostic uses of the serum antibody assessment and its potential as a therapeutic guide. One hundred twenty-nine patients were clinically examined for the type and extent of periodontal destruction and serum IgG antibody levels to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Actinomyces israelii (Ai), A. viscosus (Av), Bacteroides asaccharolyticus (Ba), B. corporis (Bc), B. denticola (Bd), B. gingivalis (Bg), B. intermedius (Bi), B. loescheii (BI), Capnocytophaga gingivalis (Cg), C. ochracea (Co), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). Clinical and serological data were subjected to correlation analyses. A small group of patients was monitored during the progress of periodontal treatments. The IgG antibody levels were assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Significantly elevated IgG antibody levels were manifested to Aa, Ai, Bg, and Fn in all forms of periodontal disease, additionally to Cg and Co in juvenile periodontitis, and to Bi in adult periodontitis. There were some correlations between a few clinical parameters and the antibody levels. Successful periodontal treatment significantly decreased the antibody levels to all of the micro-organisms; however, during periodontal treatment, there were no marked differences between pre- and post-treatment levels. The antibody reactivities to the periodontopathic micro-organisms may be of diagnostic and predictive value in patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Antibody Responses against the Rotavirus Nonstructural Protein NSP4 in Children after Rhesus Rotavirus Tetravalent Vaccination or Natural Infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1157-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmeralda Vizzi ◽  
Eva Calviño ◽  
Rosabel González ◽  
Irene Pérez-Schael ◽  
Max Ciarlet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Seroconversion Rate ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Acute Phase Serum

ABSTRACT The immune response elicited by the rotavirus nonstructural protein NSP4 and its potential role in protection against rotavirus disease are not well understood. We investigated the serological response to NSP4 and its correlation with disease protection in sera from 110 children suffering acute diarrhea, associated or not with rotavirus, and from 26 children who were recipients of the rhesus rotavirus tetravalent (RRV-TV) vaccine. We used, as antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), affinity-purified recombinant NSP4 (residues 85 to 175) from strains SA11, Wa, and RRV (genotypes A, B, and C, respectively) fused to glutathione S-transferase. Seroconversion to NSP4 was observed in 54% (42/78) of the children who suffered from natural rotavirus infection and in 8% (2/26) of the RRV-TV vaccine recipients. Our findings indicate that NSP4 evokes significantly (P < 0.05) higher seroconversion rates after natural infection than after RRV-TV vaccination. The serum antibody levels to NSP4 were modest (titers of ≤200) in most of the infected and vaccinated children. A heterotypic NSP4 response was detected in 48% of the naturally rotavirus-infected children with a detectable response to NSP4. Following natural infection or RRV-TV vaccination, NSP4 was significantly less immunogenic than the VP6 protein when these responses were independently measured by ELISA. A significant (P < 0.05) proportion of children who did not develop diarrhea associated with rotavirus had antibodies to NSP4 in acute-phase serum, suggesting that serum antibodies against NSP4 might correlate with protection from rotavirus diarrhea. In addition, previous exposures to rotavirus did not affect the NSP4 seroconversion rate.

scholarly journals Serum anti-AP3D1 antibodies are risk factors for acute ischemic stroke related with atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Yang Li ◽  
Yoichi Yoshida ◽  
Eiichi Kobayashi ◽  
Masaaki Kubota ◽  
Tomoo Matsutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Expression Cloning ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
Antibody Levels

AbstractAtherosclerosis has been considered as the main cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability worldwide. The first screening for antigen markers was conducted using the serological identification of antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning, which has identified adaptor-related protein complex 3 subunit delta 1 (AP3D1) as an antigen recognized by serum IgG antibodies of patients with atherosclerosis. Serum antibody levels were examined using the amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay (AlphaLISA) using a recombinant protein as an antigen. It was determined that the serum antibody levels against AP3D1 were higher in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), transient ischemic attack, diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and colorectal carcinoma than those in the healthy donors. The area under the curve values of DM, nephrosclerosis type of CKD, and ESCC calculated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were higher than those of other diseases. Correlation analysis showed that the anti-AP3D1 antibody levels were highly associated with maximum intima-media thickness, which indicates that this marker reflected the development of atherosclerosis. The results of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study indicated that this antibody marker is deemed useful as risk factors for AIS.

scholarly journals Antibody Response to Pertussis Vaccination in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women—The Role of Sex Hormones

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Victoria Peer ◽  
Khitam Muhsen ◽  
Moshe Betser ◽  
Manfred S Green
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Antibody Levels

Pertussis containing vaccine is recommended for pregnant women to protect neonates prior to being fully immunized against the disease. The immune response during pregnancy may be impacted by changes in the hormonal status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune response to pertussis immunization in pregnancy and to assess the role of sex hormones. In a cross-sectional study, blood samples were drawn from 174 pregnant and 74 non-pregnant women 45–60 days following immunization. Anti-pertussis toxin (Anti-PT) IgG antibody levels, estrogen, and progestogen concentrations were compared between the two groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between serum antibody and sex hormone concentrations in each group, controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status. The geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-PT IgG antibody was significantly higher in non-pregnant women compared with pregnant women (median of 2.09 and 1.86, interquartile range = 2.36–1.8 and 2.11–1.16 respectively, p < 0.0001). Among pregnant women, the anti-PT IgG antibody GMC was negatively associated with both progesterone (odds ratio = 0.300, 95% CI = 0.116, 0.772, p = 0.013) and estrogen (odds ratio = 0.071, 95% CI = 0.017, 0.292, p < 0.0001), after controlling for age, BMI, and smoking. Pregnancy was associated with lower anti-PT IgG antibody levels (odds ratio = 0.413, 95% CI = −0.190, 0.899, p = 0.026). This appears to be at least partially explained by the higher levels of hormones during pregnancy. These findings demonstrate the important role of sex hormones in the response to pertussis vaccine during pregnancy and can help to evaluate the optimum vaccination schedule.

Factors affecting antibody levels after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 3319-3324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Storek ◽  
Federico Viganego ◽  
Monja A. Dawson ◽  
M. M. P. Tineke Herremans ◽  
Michael Boeckh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graft Versus Host Disease ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Host Disease ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Humoral Immunodeficiency ◽  
Antibody Levels

AbstractTo obtain insight into the mechanism(s) of posttransplantation humoral immunodeficiency, we evaluated factors affecting serum antibody levels against polio, tetanus, Haemophilus influenzae, andStreptococcus pneumoniae in 87 patients. Patients with hematologic malignancies were randomized to receive marrow versus blood stem cells, which contain approximately 10 times more lymphocytes than marrow. Blood stem cell recipients did not have higher antibody levels than marrow recipients. Recipient pretransplantation antibody levels were correlated with the posttransplantation levels, especially in the first 6 months after transplantation when the correlation coefficients typically exceeded 0.6. Donor pretransplantation antibody levels had less of a correlation with posttransplantation levels in the recipient. Patient or donor age, total body irradiation, and graft-versus-host disease or its treatment appeared to have no effect. In conclusion, antibody levels in the first year after transplantation are affected primarily by pretransplantation antibody levels in the recipient and, to a lesser degree, in the donor. These findings suggest that immunization of the recipient and the donor before transplantation may be more effective in improving antibody immunity after transplantation than manipulating graft-versus-host disease, changing conditioning, or increasing the number of lymphocytes in the graft.

scholarly journals Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay determination of specific rubella antibody levels in micrograms of immunoglobulin G per milliliter of serum in clinical samples

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
P O Leinikki ◽  
I Shekarchi ◽  
P Dorsett ◽  
J L Sever
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Antibody Levels

A "microgram assay" is described in which solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is used for the determination of specific rubella immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels in micrograms per milliliter of serum. The quantitation was based on a standard curve obtained by using a reference serum, for which the specific IgG content was assayed by immunochemical purification. IgG was first purified and specific rubella antibodies were separated by an immunoadsorbent prepared by linking rubella virus antigens to Sepharose 4B. By using IgG-specific conjugate, the levels of specific rubella IgG antibodies could then be determined from clinical samples. Seronegative samples showed antibody levels less than 1 microgram/ml, whereas levels up to several hundred micrograms per milliliter were detected in some postinfection sera. The correlation between microgram antibody levels and hemagglutination inhibition titers was linear. The method offers a simple and sensitive antibody assay which could be used both for the laboratory diagnosis of acute rubella and for the evaluation of immunity.

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