scholarly journals SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS AND EXPERIENCE OF SEXUAL COERCION AMONG IN-SCHOOL FEMALE ADOLESCENT IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Owolodun Samuel ◽  
R.A Sanusi
Keyword(s):  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sexual Behaviours ◽  
Multi Stage

ABSTRACTMost people begin their sexual relationship during adolescence and some get involved in risky life threatening behaviors such as unwanted pregnancies, abortions and sexually transmitted infections. This study was therefore designed to understand the patterns of female adolescents sexual behaviours and sexual coercion experience.A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 1227 in-school adolescents in the three senatorial district of Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents, and data were collected with pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaires. The data collected were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 21).Three hundred and thirty seven (27.5%) were sexually exposed with a mean age of sexual initiation of 14.88±2. 46 years. Of the 337 that were sexually exposed 153(56.5%) initiated sex early between the ages of 10-15 years, while (4.7%) had uses drugs or take alcohol before sexual intercourse. Findings revealed that of those that were sexually exposed, 122(11%) were forced to have sex, 101(9.1%) played sex willingly, while 29(2.6%) felt threatened and 3(0.3%) were convinced with money. The proportion of the respondent who reported rape and abduction was (2.6%).Finding from this study is consistent with earlier studies conducted in many other Nigerian cities which showed that in-school adolescents to be sexually active. There is the need to step up campaigns to address this noticed lapse in behavior among the students in order to arrest the usual consequences of such risky sexual behavior.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for myopia among school children in Aba, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchenna C. Atowa ◽  
Alvin J. Munsamy ◽  
Samuel O. Wajuihian
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: To study the prevalence of myopia among school children in Aba, Nigeria.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in public and private (primary and secondary) schools. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used for selecting participants aged between 8 and 15 years from 12 schools in Aba, Nigeria. Data were analysed for 1197 children who underwent a comprehensive eye examination. The children were divided according to the following criteria: age groups (group 1 [8–11 years] or group 2 [12–15 years]), gender (male or female), level of education (primary or secondary) and type of school (public or private). Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) ≤ -0.50 D in the poorer eye.Results: The prevalence of myopia was estimated to be 2.7%. Of the 96 children with refractive error, 78.1% were uncorrected. In using logistic regression analysis, risk of developing myopia was associated with older age groups (odds ratio [OR]: 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16–9.11; p < 0.010) and higher level of education (OR: 1.73; 95% CI, 1.05–2.86; p < 0.030). There was no significant difference in myopia prevalence between male and female children (p = 0.89).Conclusion: Although the prevalence of myopia and overall prevalence of refractive error in school children in Aba were low, the high prevalence of uncorrected refractive error is a significant public health problem. An effective and sustainable children’s vision screening programme is needed to prevent visual impairment and blindness.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN LIVING IN URBAN AREA OF SINDH PAKISTAN

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal Qureshi ◽  
Aneeta Rathore ◽  
Nandlal Seerani ◽  
Sumera Qureshi ◽  
Bisharat Faisal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of School ◽  
Multi Stage

Background: Children's health is very important for their better learning and timely nourishment everywhere in the world. Malnutrition among school going children has remained a big challenge in under developed countries. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 children of four Government Primary schools of Qasimabad, district Hyderabad after taking the proper consent and administration approval from the head of school. Multi stage simple random sampling technique was adopted. Study was approved from Institutional review board of Health Services Academy Islamabad. Results: Out of total, 217 (51.4%) were boys and 205 (48.6%) were girls. Mean Height of boys and girls were 128.09 cm (±SD 12.90) and 130.36 cm (±SD 12.50) respectively. Mean Weight of boys was 25.27 Kgs (±SD 6.17) while in girls mean Weight was 26.83 Kgs (±SD 7.03). 17.57 cm (±SD 2.34) was mean MUAC for all participants and mean BMI was 15.42 (±SD 2.02). Prevalent of stunting and wasting were 24.4% and 18.3% respectively. While in 13.7% thinness (BMI for age) was seen. Stunting was statistically significant in girls 9-10 year (p value=.015, CI: .118-.823, OR=.311) and 11-≥12 years (p value=.018, CI: .215-.874, OR=.434). Pallor was more in girls (17%) and Dental caries were higher in boys (20.8%). Insufficient breakfast was done by 347 (82.2%), whereas 75 (17.8%) were doing sufficient breakfast. 341 (80.8%) students became ill during last year, out of that 80 (19%) were having history of hospitalization. Conclusion: Poor polices and lack of food aid interventions regarding health of primary school going children was assessed during this study.

Risky sexual behavior and sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men and purchase sex attending an Israeli sexually transmitted infection clinic

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rivka S Rich ◽  
Alex Leventhal ◽  
Rivka Sheffer ◽  
Zohar Mor
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex With Men

Men who have sex with men (MSM) and purchase sex (MPS) are a sub-group potentially at high risk for acquiring and transmitting sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This is a hard-to-reach population resulting in a scarcity of studies covering the issue. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between purchasing sex and high-risk behaviors related to HIV/STI transmission and appraise the STI prevalence among MSM. All MSM who attended the STI clinic in Tel Aviv between 2003 and 2010 were included. Demographics, behavioral, clinical, and laboratory data were compared between MPS and non-MPS to identify high-risk sexual behaviors and STI prevalence associated with purchasing sex. Of the first visits of 2694 MSM who attended the STI clinic during the study period, 151 (5.6%) paid for sex. MPS were more commonly older and married than non-MPS. MPS were more likely to engage in behaviors associated with high risk for HIV/STI transmission, including infrequent condom use during anal sex, substance use during sex, and selling sex themselves. MPS had a higher STI prevalence than non-MPS, although this was not statistically significant ( p = 0.05). These findings highlight the need to establish culturally tailored interventions for MPS addressing the potential risks associated with purchasing sex.

scholarly journals Immunization coverage under universal immunization programme in Kozhikode district, Kerala

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3667
Author(s):  
Sreedevi C.
Keyword(s):  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Immunization Programme ◽  
Multi Stage

Background: Immunization is an important cost effective tool for preventing the morbidities and mortalities caused by vaccine preventable diseases. The objectives of this study were to assess the universal immunization programme coverage of children of 12–23 months of age in Kozhikode district and to study the factors associated with immunization coverage.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 30 randomly selected electoral wards of Kozhikode district which were selected using multi stage cluster sampling technique during April 2013 to May 2014.Results: 469 children were studied from 30 clusters. 75.5% was fully immunized while 1.5% was unimmunized. Dropout rate for DPT 3 to Measles was the highest accounting to 20.2%. Most common reason for failure of immunization among unimmunized was that the parents didn’t feel the need (57.1%) and for partially immunized was the illness of the child (27.8%) followed by lack of awareness of the time of immunization (22.2%). Religion, early age of the mother at marriage and first delivery and high birth order were significantly associated with a higher proportion of partially immunized while higher education of the parents (>12th standard), health worker’s home visit in the first year of the child and presence of immunization card were significantly associated with a high full immunization coverage (p<0.05).Conclusions: Immunization coverage of 75.5% is far behind the target to be achieved. 1.5% of the children didn’t get any of the vaccinations. It is very important to increases the coverage to prevent the re-emergence of vaccine preventable diseases.

scholarly journals Risky Sexual Behaviour among Male Immigration and Correctional Personnel in Kano State, Nigeria, 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nureni Azeez ◽  
Aishat Bukola Usman ◽  
Adebowale Ayo Stephen ◽  
Abubakar Muhammad Jibo ◽  
Zubairu Iliyasu
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Immigration ◽  
Multi Stage

Abstract Background Worldwide, uniformed personnel have been recognized as a population at high risk for sexually transmitted infections because of their high mobility, power differentials and affluence. However, limited studies have been conducted on risky sexual behaviour (RSB) among male uniformed personnel in Nigeria. We conducted this study to determine the prevalence and identify the predictors of RSB among male immigration and correctional personnel in Kano State.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among 306 male immigration and correctional personnel using multi-stage sampling technique. A pre-tested self-administered structured questionnaire containing sociodemographic and variables associated with RSB was used for data collection. Indicators of RSB included transactional sexual intercourse, sexual intercourse with casual acquaintances and multiple non-regular sexual partners over the last 12 months. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and logistic regression (α=0.05).Results Mean age of the respondents in the immigration and correctional services was 37.9±9.3 and 38.0±8.1 years respectively. Overall prevalence of RSB was 15.1% (9.2% and 20.9% among correctional and immigration workers respectively). The identified predictors of RSB were service group, marital status and attending club house prior to sexual intercourse. The likelihood of RSB was lower among the correctional personnel (aOR=0.38, CI=0.17-0.80) than the immigration officers. Being married is protective of RSB (aOR=0.38, CI=0.18-0.81) while attending club house prior to sexual intercourse predisposes the uniform personnel to RSB (aOR=3.90, CI=1.30-11.68). Conclusions Risky sexual behaviour was highly prevalent among the investigated uniform men but was higher among immigration officers than the correctional personnel.

scholarly journals The effects of temporo mandibular joint disorder with clicking symptom on children mastication performance in Deutero Malay race children aged 12-15 years

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Hartman ◽  
Arlette Suzy Puspa Pertiwi ◽  
Jakobus Runkat ◽  
Yetty Herdiyati ◽  
Roosje Rosita Oewen
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Masticatory Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Mandibular Joint ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Joint Disorder ◽  
Masticatory System

Temporo Mandibular Joint Disorder (TMD) could be caused by forward head posture. Articular sound/TMJ clicking is the most often sign and symptom for TMD that could happen in human being. The presence of TMD such as TMJ clicking would cause an imbalance masticatory system. The purpose of this research is to investigate TMJ clicking effects to masticatory performance. This research was cross-sectional study with a type of epidemiology survey. Subject were children aged 12-15 years old Deutero-Malay sub-races Live in Bandung and was taken using multi-stage random sampling technique. Subject; consisted of 24 children as control group and 28 children as TMJ clicking group. Both group were then checked for masticatory performance using multiple sieve method and 20x chewing of artificial test food. Mastication performance value represented by median particle size (MPS) particle distribution (b) for each group. MPS from TMJ clicking group (3.0571,SD=0.9990) showed higher value than control group (2.28958,SD=0.66838). Statistic analysis with t-test showed that there’s a significant result in both of group (pvalue=0,0024, α = 0,05). Conclussion, temporo mandibular joint clicking subject has lower masticatory performance.

scholarly journals Ethnic Variation and its Association with Malaria Awareness: A Cross-sectional Study in the East Nusa Tenggara Province (Indonesia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robertus Dole Guntur ◽  
Jonathan Kingsley ◽  
Fakir M A Islam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Ethnic Variation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Logistic Regression Method

Objectives: This study aims to investigate ethnic variation and its association with malaria awareness in the East Nusa Tenggara Province (ENTP), Indonesia. Methods: A community–based cross–sectional study was conducted upon 1495 adults recruited by multi –stage cluster random sampling technique. A malaria awareness related questionnaire was used to collect data alongside a malaria awareness index (MAI). A logistic regression method was applied to quantify the strength of associations of factors associated with the awareness index. Results: Of total participants, 33% were from Manggarai, 32.3% were from Atoni, 30.2% from Sumba ethnicity. The level of MAI was significantly different between these groups with the highest in Manggarai ethnicity (65.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 59.9 — 70.3) and the lowest in Sumba ethnicity (35%, 95% CI: 27.6 — 42.4). The most prominent factors influencing the MAI in Sumba and Manggarai ethnicity were education level, whilst it was socio–economic status (SES) in Atoni ethnicity. The level of MAI was significantly higher for adults with diploma or above education level (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 21.4, 95% CI: 3.59 — 127.7- for Manggarai; AOR: 6.94, 95% CI: 1.81 — 26.6 for Sumba). The level of MAI was significantly higher for adults living in high SES in Atoni (AOR 24.48, 95% CI: 8.79 — 68.21). Conclusions. Poorer education levels and low SES were more prominent factors contributing to lower levels of MAI in rural ENTP. Interventions should focus on improving malaria awareness to these groups to support the national commitment of the Indonesian government to achieve a malaria elimination zone by 2030.

scholarly journals Family Factors and Risk Sexual Behaviour in Students Aged 12-18

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Joana I. Simeonova ◽  
Nevena V. Tzvetanova ◽  
Yanka I. Tzvetanova
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Risk Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Risk Sexual Behavior

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify family factors determining risk sexual behavior among students aged 12- 18 in Veliko Turnovo region. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014. Three hundred and ten students were included in a representative sample of students attending seven schools in Veliko Turnovo region. The respondents filled in a self-administered questionnaire, designed to collect data on family interactions, acts of sexual coercion, parental social status and their influence on the sexual behavior of the students. Data were processed using SPSS.v.19. Parametric and non-parametric statistical methods were applied. About one-fifth of the students were nurtured in incomplete families. History of a sexually transmitted diseases correlated with type of family (p<0.05). Poorer family interactions (rare family dinners and no conversations about sex) determined acts of risk sexual behavior - accidental contraceptive use during sex and postponing an obstetric examination (p<0.05). Students reporting sexual coercion had also had frequent casual sexual intercourse (p<0.05). Identifying family factors is of essential importance in planning effective sexual health education at school.

Pattern and Predictors of Tobacco Use Among Undergraduates in Three Tertiary Institutions in North-Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110049
Author(s):  
Muhammed Sani Ibrahim ◽  
Kabir Sabitu ◽  
Abdulhakeem Abayomi Olorukooba ◽  
Nuru Suleiman Muhammad ◽  
Aisha A. Abubakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
University Admission ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Current Tobacco ◽  
North Western

Background Tobacco use is associated with medical, social and economic problems. There is paucity of data on tobacco use among undergraduates in northern Nigeria. This study assessed pattern and predictors of tobacco use among undergraduates in Zaria, North-western Nigeria. Method It was a cross-sectional study of undergraduates in three tertiary institutions. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 1,080 undergraduates. Data was collected using a questionnaire adapted from Global Adult Tobacco Survey and Global Youth Tobacco Survey. Bi-variate analysis was used to identify independent variables showing statistically significant association with current tobacco use. These were entered into step-wise logistic regression. Results Their median age was 24 years (range:15–47). Prevalence of current tobacco use was 27.0%. About 58.7% smoked tobacco daily and 40.0% used smokeless tobacco daily. Commonest places where tobacco was used were off campus accommodation (30.2%), social center (30.2%) and bar or club (28.1%). Predictors of tobacco use were being a male [2.64(1.82–3.84)], married [2.33(1.49–3.70)], experiencing tobacco promotional activity [1.56(1.12–2.17)], willing to use promotional objects [2.06(1.35–3.14)], using of promotional objects [2.74(1.90–3.96)], and exposure to secondhand smoke [14.10(4.16–47.81)]. Predictors of non-use of tobacco were spending two years or less awaiting university admission [0.65 (0.46–0.91)], parents currently together [0.48(0.33–0.69)], and supporting ban on tobacco [0.34 (0.23–0.48)]. Conclusion Prevalence of tobacco use and expenditure on tobacco were high. University authorities should commence programs to identify tobacco users and encourage cessation. The findings also highlight the need to establish effective tobacco surveillance system that includes students of tertiary institutions.

scholarly journals Dating Applications, Sexual Behaviors, and Attitudes of College Students in Brazil’s Legal Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7494
Author(s):  
Maycon Klerystton B. Tavares ◽  
Romulo L. P. de Melo ◽  
Bianca F. da Rocha ◽  
Débora J. Andrade ◽  
Danielle R. Evangelista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners

Although dating applications (apps) have become popular among young adults, there is a dearth of information regarding the sexual health implications among Brazilian college students. This study examined risky sexual behavior and attitudes of dating app users, based on their sex in Brazil’s Legal Amazon. Three hundred and fifty-nine students reported their sociodemographic data, dating app use, and sexual behaviors and attitudes through self-administered questionnaires. Bivariate analyses and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni post-hoc tests were performed. Dating app use was reported by 238 (66.3%) subjects, most of whom had an encounter and sex with a casual partner. Women frequently requested condom use. Trust in one’s partner or having repeated encounters were the main reasons for engaging in risky sexual behavior. Men had a greater number of sexual partners and less protective attitudes. Sexual health awareness by apps was not reported by 97% of women, and most of them were not tested for sexually transmitted infections. A positive attitude toward sexual health was not a predictor of safe sex. Important similarities and differences regarding risky sexual behaviors and attitudes were observed between the sexes, many of which correlated with increased sexual vulnerability during the sexual encounters arranged through the dating apps. This cross-sectional study supports efforts on sexual health promotion and sexual education implementation in the face of growing usage of apps among young adults for sexual matters.

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