scholarly journals Major QTLs for seedling traits in barley using a DArT-based linkage map

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovic Capo-chich ◽  
Sharla Eldridge ◽  
Ammar Elakhdar ◽  
Toshihiro Kumamaru ◽  
Anthony O. Anyia
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Significant Qtls ◽  
Seedling Traits ◽  
Adjacent Marker ◽  
Pleiotropic Qtl ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Marker Distance

AbstractSeed vigor is considered as the most critical stage for barley production, and cultivar with high early seedling vigour (ESV) allow plants to form a canopy more quickly. In this study, the QTLs of seedling vigour related-traits were investigated using 185 RILs derived from Xena and H94061120 using DArT approach. In total, 46 significant QTLs for ESV related-traits were detected. The total map length was 1075.1 cM with an average adjacent-marker distance of 3.28 cM. Fourteen QTLs for BY were found on all chromosomes, two of them co-located with QTLs on 1H for GY. The related-traits; LL1, LL2, LA1 and LDW1 had high heritability (>60%). Meanwhile, a significant correlation was observed between GY and BY, which provide the clear image of these traits in the selection process. Our results demonstrate that a pleiotropic QTL related to SLA2, BY, and GY was linked to to the DArT markers bPb-9280 and bPb-9108 on 1H, which could be used to significantly improve the seed vigor by marker-assisted selection and possible future map-based cloning of the gene of intrest.

scholarly journals QTL Mapping and Phenotypic Variation for Seedling Vigour Traits in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Ludovic J. A. Capo-chichi ◽  
Sharla Eldridge ◽  
Ammar Elakhdar ◽  
Takahiko Kubo ◽  
Robert Brueggeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Dart Markers ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Significant Qtls

Seed vigour is considered a critical stage for barley production, and cultivars with early seedling vigour (ESV) facilitate rapid canopy formation. In this study, QTLs for 12 ESV-related traits were mapped using 185 RILs derived from a Xena x H94061120 evaluated across six independent environments. DArT markers were used to develop a genetic map (1075.1 cM; centimorgans) with an average adjacent-marker distance of 3.28 cM. In total, 46 significant QTLs for ESV-related traits were detected. Fourteen QTLs for biomass yield were found on all chromosomes, two of them co-localized with QTLs on 1H for grain yield. The related traits: length of the first and second leaves and dry weight of the second leaf, biomass yield and grain yield, had high heritability (>30%). Meanwhile, a significant correlation was observed between grain yield and biomass yield, which provided a clear image of these traits in the selection process. Our results demonstrate that a pleiotropic QTL related to the specific leaf area of the second leaf, biomass yield, and grain yield was linked to the DArT markers bPb-9280 and bPb-9108 on 1H, which could be used to significantly improve seed vigour by marker-assisted selection and facilitate future map-based cloning efforts.

scholarly journals Presence of glyphosate can harm the germination of bean seeds treated with biostimulant

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorgiani de Ávila ◽  
Fernanda Brito Cardoso ◽  
Sebastião Ferreira de Lima ◽  
Gustavo Ribeiro Barzotto ◽  
Mayara Santana Zanella
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Accelerated Aging Test ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Aging Test ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Different Doses

It is possible to cultivate common beans for a third harvest in one agricultural year due to varietal characteristics. For calendar adequacy, performing desiccation and planting often occur almost simultaneously. Germination performance of many plant species can improve with biostimulant use on seeds, however the interaction with herbicide residual molecules is unknown. The hypothesis is that seeds treated with a biostimulant in soil with glyphosate residues can eliminate the advantage of the biostimulant or increase the damage caused by the herbicide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different glyphosate reduce doses and the interaction with biostimulant on bean seed germination and vigor. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized 2 x 5 factorial block designing factorial 2 x 5, corresponding to the presence and absence of biostimulant and five different doses of glyphosate reduce rates, with four repetitions. The conducted evaluations were first count germination, germination test, accelerated aging, cold test, root and shoot length, root and shoot dry matter and electrical conductivity. It can be concluded that the biostimulant treatment on bean seeds increased germination, seed vigor and early seedling growth, but glyphosate presence reduced those advantages, increasing electrical conductivity. However, the herbicide presence provided higher germination on the accelerated aging test.  

EARLY SEEDLING VIGOUR AND SEED WEIGHT IN RELATION TO BREEDING IN SMOOTH BROMEGRASS, BROMUS INERMIS LEYSS.

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Tossell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Early Seedling

Variability in early seedling vigour was studied in polycross progenies from highly selected plants rated as good in other agronomic characters and in open-pollinated progenies from previously unselected So plants. Differences were found in both groups in rate and per cent emergence, and in height and vigour at 28 days. Considering the variability observed in these characters and the favourable associations found, it appears that early seedling vigour in bromegrass can be improved by selection within the species.Seed weight was closely associated with early seedling vigour. Plants differed widely in seed weight, and in breeding for early seedling vigour it appears that most rapid progress can be made by screening breeding material for seed weight. Because seed weight did not account for all of the differences among progenies in seedling vigour, progenies from high seed weight plants or families should be subjected to a seedling vigour test to further select for this character. The close relationship found between greenhouse and field trials indicates that at least the initial screening can be done in the greenhouse.

scholarly journals Transcriptional and biochemical analyses of gibberellin expression and content in germinated barley grain

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1870-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie S Betts ◽  
Christoph Dockter ◽  
Oliver Berkowitz ◽  
Helen M Collins ◽  
Michelle Hooi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Germinated Barley ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

Abstract Mobilization of reserves in germinated cereal grains is critical for early seedling vigour, global crop productivity, and hence food security. Gibberellins (GAs) are central to this process. We have developed a spatio-temporal model that describes the multifaceted mechanisms of GA regulation in germinated barley grain. The model was generated using RNA sequencing transcript data from tissues dissected from intact, germinated grain, which closely match measurements of GA hormones and their metabolites in those tissues. The data show that successful grain germination is underpinned by high concentrations of GA precursors in ungerminated grain, the use of independent metabolic pathways for the synthesis of several bioactive GAs during germination, and a capacity to abort bioactive GA biosynthesis. The most abundant bioactive form is GA1, which is synthesized in the scutellum as a glycosyl conjugate that diffuses to the aleurone, where it stimulates de novo synthesis of a GA3 conjugate and GA4. Synthesis of bioactive GAs in the aleurone provides a mechanism that ensures the hormonal signal is relayed from the scutellum to the distal tip of the grain. The transcript data set of 33 421 genes used to define GA metabolism is available as a resource to analyse other physiological processes in germinated grain.

The role of allelopathy in legume decline in pastures. I. Effects of pasture and crop residues on germination and survival of subterranean clover in the field and nursery

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Leigh ◽  
DM Halsall ◽  
MD Holgate
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Essential Requirement ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Good Germination

In a series of five trials, three conducted in the field and two in seed-flats in the nursery, it was shown that mulched residues from Phalaris aquatica and Triticum aestivum reduced the germination and production of Trifolium subterraneum. The deleterious effects observed with the mulched residues were not evident when the residues were incorporated into the upper soil layer. It is suggested that a reduction of the residues in pastures before the opening rains in autumn would be an essential requirement to ensure good germination and early seedling vigour from the annual legume component in mixed legume/grass pastures, especially those based on P. aquatica.

scholarly journals Down-regulation of the cotton endo-1,4-β-glucanase gene KOR1 disrupts endosperm cellularization, delays embryo development, and reduces early seedling vigour

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 3071-3083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Shang ◽  
Qichao Chai ◽  
Qinghu Zhang ◽  
Jianxiong Jiang ◽  
Tianzhen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Early Seedling

Seed coating reduces respiration losses and affects sugar metabolism during germination and early seedling growth in cereals

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Gorim ◽  
Folkard Asch
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Sucrose Synthase ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seed Coats

Seed germination and the successful establishment of young seedlings is an important aspect of plant life. Seed coats are used to improve stand establishment and early seedling vigour. Seedlings growing from hydro-absorber coated barley, rye and wheat with coat-shares greater than 75% of the average seed have been shown to promote better seedling growth compared with those seedlings growing from uncoated seeds. We investigated how and why these seedlings performed better by analysing the proportion of grain reserves mobilised for growth and respiration as well as how both sucrose and glucose available in the embryo translated into seedling growth in the presence or absence of seed coats containing hydro-absorber gel. We found that mobilisation efficiency was higher, resulting in higher biomass in these cereals when they were coated. The relationship between sucrose and glucose available to the seedling as well as its correlation with early seedling growth indicate a switch in the enzymatic cleavage of embryonic sucrose from invertase to sucrose synthase. This in turn indicates that in coated seeds, embryonic tissue must be hypoxic leading to a more efficient use of glucose and thus reduced respiration losses during germination.

scholarly journals Laboratory phenomics predicts field performance and identifies superior indica haplotypes for early seedling vigour in dry direct-seeded rice

Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Menard ◽  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Daniel Anderson ◽  
Margaret Catolos ◽  
Kirsty L. Hassall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Direct Seeded

scholarly journals An In-Depth Review of Flavonoid Profile in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
T. T. Surya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Experiment Analysis

The present Investigation was carried out to study the variability, heritability and genetic advance in desi cotton. The material was evaluated in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications during kharif 2019. In this experiment analysis of variance indicated that significant variation present among the accessions of the desi cotton for all the traits under study. The highest genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were exhibited by the number of bolls per plant. High heritability with high genetic advance was observed in number of bolls per plant, the number of monopodia per plant, lint index, seed cotton yield per plant and number of sympodia per plant. The combination of the high heritability and high genetic advance provide the clear image of the trait in the selection process.

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