scholarly journals Inflammatory and oxidative status in European captive black rhinoceroses: a link with Iron Overload Disorder?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanae Pouillevet ◽  
Nicolas Soetart ◽  
Delphine Boucher ◽  
Rudy Wedlarski ◽  
Laetitia Jaillardon
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

AbstractIron Overload Disorder (IOD) is a syndrome developed by captive browsing rhinoceroses like black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis) in which hemosiderosis settles in vital organs while free iron accumulates in the body, potentially predisposing to various secondary diseases. Captive grazing species like white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum) do not seem to be affected. The pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory properties of iron, associated with the poor antioxidant capacities of black rhinoceroses, could enhance high levels of inflammation and oxidative stress leading to rapid ageing and promoting diseases. In this prospective study, 15 black (BR) and 29 white rhinoceroses (WR) originating from 22 European zoos were blood-sampled and compared for their iron status (serum iron), liver/muscle biochemical parameters (AST, GGT, cholesterol), inflammatory status (total proteins, protein electrophoresis) and oxidative stress markers (SOD, GPX, dROMs). Results showed higher serum iron and liver enzyme levels in black rhinoceroses (P<0.01), as well as higher GPX (P<0.05) and dROM (P<0.01) levels. The albumin/globulin ratio was lower in black rhinoceroses (P<0.05) due to higher α2-globulin levels (P<0.001). The present study suggests a higher inflammatory and oxidative profile in captive BR than in WR, possibly in relation to iron status. This could be either a consequence or a cause of iron accumulation, potentially explaining rapid ageing and various diseases. Further investigations are needed to assess the prognostic value of the inflammatory and oxidative markers in captive black rhinoceroses, particularly for evaluating the impact of reduced-iron and antioxidant-supplemented diets.

scholarly journals Urinary Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Are Elevated in Obese Children and Correlate with a Marker of Endothelial Dysfunction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaithinathan Selvaraju ◽  
Priscilla Ayine ◽  
Moni Fadamiro ◽  
Jeganathan Ramesh Babu ◽  
Michael Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Obesity is a state of chronic low-level inflammation closely associated with oxidative stress. Childhood obesity is associated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress markers individually. This study was aimed at determining the association between the biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction in urine samples of healthy, overweight, and obese children. Eighty-eight elementary school children aged between 6 and 10 years participated in this study. Anthropometric measurements were measured using WHO recommendations. The biomarkers of low-grade inflammation such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP); oxidative stress markers such as 8-isoprostane and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG); and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were analyzed in urine samples. The area under the curve (AUC) by the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) was analyzed to identify the best urinary biomarker in childhood obesity. Linear regression and Pearson correlation were analyzed to determine the association between the parameters. The obese participants have significantly increased levels of CRP, AGP, IL-6, and 8-isoprostane compared to normal-weight participants. The overweight participants had significantly increased levels of ET-1 and 8-OHdG but not the obese group compared to the NW group. The AUC for urinary CRP (AUC: 0.847, 95% CI: 0.765-0.930; p<0.0001) and 8-isoprostane (AUC: 0.857, 95% CI: 0.783-0.932; p<0.0001) showed a greater area under ROC curves compared to other inflammatory and oxidative markers. The urinary CRP and 8-isoprostane significantly correlated with the obesity measures (body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to- height ratio) and ET-1, inflammatory, and oxidative markers. The increased urinary inflammatory markers and 8-isoprostane can serve as a noninvasive benchmark for early detection of the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Decreased Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Subjects Who Underwent Whole-Body Cryotherapy in Closed Cryochamber with Subsequent Kinesiotherapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Stanek ◽  
Ewa Romuk ◽  
Tomasz Wielkoszyński ◽  
Stanisław Bartuś ◽  
Grzegorz Cieślar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Objective. The aim of the study was to estimate the impact of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) and subsequent kinesiotherapy on oxidative stress and lipid profile when performed in a closed cryochamber on healthy subjects. Material and Methods. The effect of ten WBC procedures lasting 3 minutes a day followed by a 60-minute session kinesiotherapy on oxidative stress and lipid profile in healthy subjects (WBC group, n=16) was investigated. The WBC group was compared to the kinesiotherapy only (KT; n=16) group. The routine parameters of oxidative stress (antioxidant enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation products, total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI)) and lipid profile were estimated one day before the beginning and one day after the completion of the research program. Results. After treatment, in the WBC group, a significant decrease of oxidative stress markers (TOS and OSI) and a significant increase of total antioxidant capacity were observed. The activity of plasma SOD-Mn and erythrocyte total SOD increased significantly in the WBC group. In the KT group, the erythrocyte activity of total SOD, CAT, and GR decreased significantly after the treatment. The levels of T-Chol and LDL-Chol decreased significantly after treatment in both groups, but the observed decrease of these lipid parameters in the WBC group was higher in comparison to the KT group. The level of TG decreased significantly after treatment in the WBC group only. Conclusion. WBC performed in a closed cryochamber followed by kinesiotherapy improves lipid profile and decreases oxidative stress in healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Impact of Lifestyles (Diet and Exercise) on Vascular Health: Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy W. C. Man ◽  
Huige Li ◽  
Ning Xia
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Normal Functions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Healthy lifestyle and diet are associated with significant reduction in risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress and the imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidants are linked to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Changes in antioxidant capacity of the body may lead to oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction. Diet is an important source of antioxidants, while exercise offers many health benefits as well. Recent findings have evidenced that diet and physical factors are correlated to oxidative stress. Diet and physical factors have debatable roles in modulating oxidative stress and effects on the endothelium. Since endothelium and oxidative stress play critical roles in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, dietary and physical factors could have significant implications on prevention of the diseases. This review is aimed at summarizing the current knowledge on the impact of diet manipulation and physical factors on endothelium and oxidative stress, focusing on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. We discuss the friend-and-foe role of dietary modification (including different diet styles, calorie restriction, and nutrient supplementation) on endothelium and oxidative stress, as well as the potential benefits and concerns of physical activity and exercise on endothelium and oxidative stress. A fine balance between oxidative stress and antioxidants is important for normal functions in the cells and interfering with this balance may lead to unfavorable effects. Further studies are needed to identify the best diet composition and exercise intensity.

scholarly journals Buprenorphine Alters Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Molecular Markers in Arthritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahadevappa Hemshekhar ◽  
Vidyanand Anaparti ◽  
Carol Hitchon ◽  
Neeloffer Mookherjee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Prediction Of Response ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Buprenorphine is recommended for use as an analgesic in animal models including in murine models of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). However, the effect of buprenorphine on the expression of disease-associated biomarkers is not well defined. We examined the effect of buprenorphine administration on disease progression and the expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, in a murine model of CIA. Buprenorphine administration altered the expression of cytokines, IFN-γ, IL-6, and MMP-3, and oxidative markers, for example, iNOS, superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and catalase (CAT), in the CIA mice. As buprenorphine is an analgesic, we further monitored the association of expression of these biomarkers with pain scores in a human cohort of early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Serum MMP-3 levels and blood mRNA expression of antioxidants sod1 and cat correlated with pain scores in the RA cohort. We have demonstrated that administration of buprenorphine alters the expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress-related molecular markers in a murine model of CIA. This caveat needs to be considered in animal experiments using buprenorphine as an analgesic, as it can be a confounding factor in murine studies used for prediction of response to therapy. Furthermore, the antioxidant enzymes that showed an association with pain scores in the human cohort may be explored as biomarkers for pain in future studies.

scholarly journals Ferroportin in Erythrocytes: Importance for Iron Homeostasis and its Role in Infection

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. SCI-27-SCI-27
Author(s):  
Tracey Rouault
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Erythroid Cells ◽  
Intracellular Iron ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Erythroid Cells

Ferroportin (FPN), the only known vertebrate iron exporter, transports iron from intestinal, splenic, and hepatic cells into the blood to provide iron to other tissues and cells in vivo. Most of the circulating iron is consumed by erythroid cells to synthesize hemoglobin. Recently, we found that erythroid cells not only consume large amounts of iron, but also return significant amounts of iron to the blood. Erythroblast-specific Fpn knockout (Fpn KO) mice developed lower serum iron levels in conjunction with tissue iron overload and increased FPN expression in spleen and liver without changing hepcidin levels. Our results also showed that Fpn KO mice, which suffer from mild hemolytic anemia, were sensitive to phenylhydrazine-induced oxidative stress but were able to tolerate iron deficiency upon exposure to a low-iron diet and phlebotomy, supporting that the anemia of Fpn KO mice resulted from erythrocytic iron overload and resulting oxidative injury rather than a red blood cell (RBC) production defect. Moreover, we found that the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values of gain-of-function FPN mutation patients were positively associated with serum transferrin saturations, whereas MCVs of loss-of-function FPN mutation patients were not, supporting that erythroblasts donate iron to blood through FPN in response to serum iron levels. Our results indicate that FPN of erythroid cells has an unexpectedly essential role in maintaining systemic iron homeostasis and protecting RBCs from oxidative stress, providing insight into the pathophysiology of FPN diseases. When malaria parasites invade red blood cells (RBCs), they consume copious amounts of hemoglobin, and severely disrupt iron regulation in humans. Anemia often accompanies malaria disease; however, iron supplementation therapy inexplicably exacerbates malarial infections. We recently found that the iron exporter ferroportin (FPN) was highly abundant in RBCs, and iron supplementation suppressed its activity. Conditional deletion of the Fpn gene in erythroid cells resulted in accumulation of excess intracellular iron, cellular damage, hemolysis, and increased fatality in malaria-infected mice. In humans, a prevalent FPN mutation,Q248H (glutamine to histidine at position 248), prevented hepcidin-induced degradation of FPN and protected against severe malaria disease. FPNQ248H appears to have been positively selected in African populations in response to the impact of malaria disease. Thus, FPN protects RBCs against oxidative stress and malaria infection. Zhang DL, Wu J, Shah BN et al. Erythrocytic ferroportin reduces intracellular iron accumulation, hemolysis, and malaria risk. Science. 2018;359 (6383):1520-1523. Zhang DL, Ghosh MC, Ollivierre H, Li Y, Rouault TA. Ferroportin deficiency in erythroid cells causes serum iron deficiency and promotes hemolysis due to oxidative stress. Blood. 2018;132 (19):2078-2087. Zhang DL, Rouault TA. How does hepcidin hinder ferroportin activity. Blood. 2018;131 (8):840-842. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Saliva Iron Levels to Assess Iron Status in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 843-846
Author(s):  
Rostika Flora ◽  
Mohammad Zulkarnain ◽  
Nur Alam Fajar ◽  
Indah Yuliana ◽  
Risnawati Tanjung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Iron plays an essential role in the process of neurotransmitter synthesis and neuron myelination. Iron deficiency impacts low cognitive performance, even involved in long-term effects even though iron deficiency has been overcome. Given the impact caused by iron deficiency, it is necessary to monitor the status of iron in the body. Diagnostic tests carried out so far use blood specimens taken with invasive method. This creates fear for the child because of the pain it causes. AIM: This study aims to obtain a non-invasive alternative diagnostic test in detecting iron deficiency in children using saliva as an examination specimen. METHODS: The design of this study was case control, with a sample of elementary school children aged 9–12 years and for women who had not experienced menstruation. The sample consisted of 40 people who were taken randomly and grouped into iron deficiency and normal. Determine the group of iron deficiency and normal was based on the results of an examination of serum iron levels. Next, saliva samples were taken to determine saliva iron levels. The characteristics of the sample data were obtained through a questionnaire, while the measurement of serum iron levels was carried out by the spectrophotometric method, and the measurement of saliva iron levels was carried out by the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s test. RESULTS: Based on serum iron measurements, it was found that the mean serum iron levels in children with iron deficiency were lower than normal children (38.153 ± 8.99 q/dL vs. 79.198 ± 14.2219 q/dL), on the contrary, on examination of iron levels, it was found that in children with iron deficiency, saliva iron levels were higher than in normal children (5.745 ± 3.04 q/dL vs. 2,576 ± 1.43 q/dL). The correlation test results showed a significant negative correlation between serum iron levels and moderate iron levels (p = 0.000, r = –0.518). CONCLUSION: Saliva iron levels can be used as an alternative non-invasive diagnostic test to assess children’s iron status.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document