scholarly journals Rapid and accurate detection of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 using CRISPR-Cas3

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Yoshimi ◽  
Kohei Takeshita ◽  
Seiya Yamayoshi ◽  
Satomi Shibumura ◽  
Yuko Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Cleavage ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Type I ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Virus Surveillance ◽  
Single Base Pair ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks have rapidly spread to multiple countries, highlighting the urgent necessity for fast, sensitive, and specific diagnostic tools for virus surveillance. Here, the previously unknown collateral single-stranded DNA cleavage we observed with type I CRISPR-Cas3 highlights its potential for development as a Cas3-mediated rapid (within 40 min), low-cost, instrument-free detection method for SARS-CoV-2. This Cas3-based assay is comparable with Cas12- and real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR-based assays in its speed and sensitivity, but offers greater specificity for single-base-pair discrimination while negating the need for highly trained operators. These findings support the use of CRISPR diagnostics for point-of-care testing in patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infections.

scholarly journals Point-of-Care Testing-the Key in the Battle against SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1464
Author(s):  
Florina Silvia Iliescu ◽  
Ana Maria Ionescu ◽  
Larisa Gogianu ◽  
Monica Simion ◽  
Violeta Dediu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
User Friendly

The deleterious effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic urged the development of diagnostic tools to manage the spread of disease. Currently, the “gold standard” involves the use of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Even though it is sensitive, specific and applicable for large batches of samples, qRT-PCR is labour-intensive, time-consuming, requires trained personnel and is not available in remote settings. This review summarizes and compares the available strategies for COVID-19: serological testing, Point-of-Care Testing, nanotechnology-based approaches and biosensors. Last but not least, we address the advantages and limitations of these methods as well as perspectives in COVID-19 diagnostics. The effort is constantly focused on understanding the quickly changing landscape of available diagnostic testing of COVID-19 at the clinical levels and introducing reliable and rapid screening point of care testing. The last approach is key to aid the clinical decision-making process for infection control, enhancing an appropriate treatment strategy and prompt isolation of asymptomatic/mild cases. As a viable alternative, Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) is typically low-cost and user-friendly, hence harbouring tremendous potential for rapid COVID-19 diagnosis.

scholarly journals Novel diagnostics for point-of-care bacterial detection and identification

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (37) ◽  
pp. 21486-21497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savannah Reali ◽  
Elias Y. Najib ◽  
Krisztina E. Treuerné Balázs ◽  
Adeline Chern Hui Tan ◽  
Linda Váradi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Bacterial Detection ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Global Action ◽  
Global Action Plan

The WHO global action plan on antimicrobial resistance outlines the need for new diagnostic tools. Point-of-care testing for bacterial infections would enable clinically meaningful interventions using methods that are rapid, low-cost, easy-to-operate, and portable.

Smart Nanodevices for Point-of-Care Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajasekhar Chokkareddy ◽  
Suvardhan Kanchi ◽  
Inamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Current State ◽  
Rural Patients ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diseases

Background: While significant strides have been made to avoid mortality during the treatment of chronic diseases, it is still one of the biggest health-care challenges that have a profound effect on humanity. The development of specific, sensitive, accurate, quick, low-cost, and easy-to-use diagnostic tools is therefore still in urgent demand. Nanodiagnostics is defined as the application of nanotechnology to medical diagnostics that can offer many unique opportunities for more successful and efficient diagnosis and treatment for infectious diseases. Methods: In this review we provide an overview of infectious disease using nanodiagnostics platforms based on nanoparticles, nanodevices for point-of-care (POC) applications. Results: Current state-of-the-art and most promising nanodiagnostics POC technologies, including miniaturized diagnostic tools, nanorobotics and drug delivery systems have been fully examined for the diagnosis of diseases. It also addresses the drawbacks, problems and potential developments of nanodiagnostics in POC applications for chronic diseases. Conclusions: While progress is gaining momentum in this field and many researchers have dedicated their time in developing new smart nanodevices for POC applications for various chronic diseases, the ultimate aim of achieving longterm, reliable and continuous patient monitoring has not yet been achieved. Moreover, the applicability of the manufactured nanodevices to rural patients for on-site diagnosis, cost, and usability are the crucial aspects that require more research, improvements, and potential testing stations. Therefore, more research is needed to develop the demonstrated smart nanodevices and upgrade their applicability to hospitals away from the laboratories.

Point-of-Care Systems for Rapid DNA Quantification in Oncology

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Bianchessi ◽  
Sarah Burgarella ◽  
Marco Cereda
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Point Of Care Systems ◽  
The Common ◽  
On Chip

The development of new powerful applications and the improvement in fabrication techniques are promising an explosive growth in lab-on-chip use in the upcoming future. As the demand reaches significant levels, the semiconductor industry may enter in the field, bringing its capability to produce complex devices in large volumes, high quality and low cost. The lab-on-chip concept, when applied to medicine, leads to the point-of-care concept, where simple, compact and cheap instruments allow diagnostic assays to be performed quickly by untrained personnel directly at the patient's side. In this paper, some practical and economical considerations are made to support the advantages of point-of-care testing. A series of promising technologies developed by STMicroelectronics on lab-on-chips is also presented, mature enough to enter in the common medical practice. The possible use of these techniques for cancer research, diagnosis and treatment are illustrated together with the benefits offered by their implementation in point-of-care testing.

Integrated point of care testing system based on low cost polymer biochips

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Brandenburg ◽  
Franziska Curdt ◽  
Joerg Nestler ◽  
Thomas Otto ◽  
Kai Wunderlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Point Of Care Testing

Low-Cost Microdevices for Point-of-Care Testing

2012 ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis D. Chin ◽  
Sau Yin Chin ◽  
Tassaneewan Laksanasopin ◽  
Samuel K. Sia
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Of Care Testing

scholarly journals Host-Modulation Therapy and Chair-Side Diagnostics in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Sorsa ◽  
Joseph Bacigalupo ◽  
Mauno Könönen ◽  
Pirjo Pärnänen ◽  
Ismo T. Räisänen
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Active Matrix ◽  
Point Of Care Test ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Previous studies report periodontitis and peri-implantitis being able to induce systemic low-grade inflammation, which is known to be associated with increased risk for some systemic medical disease such as cardiovascular disease. In this regard, recent studies have shown that host modulation therapy (HMT) together with traditional mechanical and surgical treatment not only cease the progression of periodontitis but also reduce the systemic collagenolytic biomarkers in both oral fluids and circulation. This suggests that the corresponding adjunctive HMT-medication could be effective in the prevention and treatment of dental peri-implantitis, as well. Furthermore, low-cost, safe, and practical oral fluid active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) lateral-flow immunotests have been proposed as point-of-care/chair-side diagnostic tools to detect peri-implantitis and periodontitis, and to monitor their effective resolutions, while using various therapeutic strategies, including host modulation. This study reports the potential benefits of HMT-medication in the prevention and treatment of dental peri-implantitis among five patients (four of five were current/ex-smokers). In addition, the aMMP-8 point-of-care test diagnosed 20 peri-implantitis and 20 healthy controls correctly. In conclusion, this study and previous studies support the potential effectiveness of HMT-medication(s) and point-of-care/chair-side technologies in the treatment and diagnostics/monitoring of peri-implantitis. However, more studies are needed to further confirm this.

Alleviating the Neglected Tropical Diseases: Recent Developments in Diagnostics and Detection

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 1559-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satakshi Hazra ◽  
Sanjukta Patra
Keyword(s):  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Antimicrobial Drug Resistance ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

Background: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are communicable diseases caused by a group of bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths prevalent in more than 145 countries that affect the world’s poverty stricken populations. WHO enlists 18 NTDs amongst people living in endemic areas having inaccessibility to preventive measures. Steps to reduce the global disease burden of the NTDs need attention at multi-factorial levels. Control programmes, mass drug administrations, transmission checks, eradication surveillances and diagnoses are some of them. The foremost in this list is confirmatory diagnosis. A comprehensive summary of the innovative, high-impact, multiplexed, low-cost diagnostic tools developed in the last decade that helped to meet the needs of users can depict a holistic approach to further evaluate potential technologies and reagents currently in research. Major Advancements: A literature survey based on developing nano-biotechnological platforms to meet the diagnostic challenges in NTDs towards development of a useful point-of-care (POC) unit is reported. However, in order to pave the way for complete eradication more sensitive tools are required that are user-friendly and applicable for use in endemic and low-resource settings. There are various novel research progresses/advancements made for qualitative and quantitative measurement of infectious load in some diseases like dengue, Chagas disease and leishmaniasis; though further improvements on the specificity and sensitivity front are still awaited. Strategies to combat the problem of antimicrobial drug resistance in diagnosis of NTDs have also been put forward by various research groups and organizations. Moreover, the state-of-the-art “omics” approaches like metabolomics and metagenomics have also started to contribute constructively towards diagnosis and prevention of the NTDs. Conclusion: A concrete solution towards a single specimen based common biomarker detection platform for NTDs is lacking. Identifying robust biomarkers and implementing them on simple diagnostic tools to ease the process of pathogen detection can help us understand the obstacles in current diagnostic measures of the NTDs.

scholarly journals Improved assessment of accuracy and performance indicators in paper-based ELISA

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 2644-2653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Mazzu-Nascimento ◽  
Giorgio Gianini Morbioli ◽  
Luis Aparecido Milan ◽  
Diego Furtado Silva ◽  
Fabiana Cristina Donofrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
And Performance

Paper-based devices are an excellent match for low-cost point-of-care testing (POCT) tools.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Detection and Point-of-Care Testing for Circulating Tumor Cells: Current Techniques and Future Potentials

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6073
Author(s):  
Chunyang Lu ◽  
Jintao Han ◽  
Xiaoyi Sun ◽  
Gen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Testing Instrument ◽  
The Past ◽  
Main Target

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells that escaped from the primary tumor or the metastasis into the blood and they play a major role in the initiation of metastasis and tumor recurrence. Thus, it is widely accepted that CTC is the main target of liquid biopsy. In the past few decades, the separation of CTC based on the electrochemical method has attracted widespread attention due to its convenience, rapidness, low cost, high sensitivity, and no need for complex instruments and equipment. At present, CTC detection is not widely used in the clinic due to various reasons. Point-of-care CTC detection provides us with a possibility, which is sensitive, fast, cheap, and easy to operate. More importantly, the testing instrument is small and portable, and the testing does not require specialized laboratories and specialized clinical examiners. In this review, we summarized the latest developments in the electrochemical-based CTC detection and point-of-care CTC detection, and discussed the challenges and possible trends.

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