scholarly journals High Community SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence in a Ski Resort Community, Blaine County, Idaho, US. Preliminary Results

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen McLaughlin ◽  
Margaret K. Doll ◽  
Kathryn T Morrison ◽  
William L McLaughlin ◽  
Terry OConnor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnostic Uncertainty ◽  
Ski Resort ◽  
Zip Code

Community-level seroprevalence surveys are needed to determine the proportion of the population with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, a necessary component of COVID-19 disease surveillance. In May, 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional seroprevalence study of IgG antibodies for nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV-2 among the residents of Blaine County, Idaho, a ski resort community with high COVID-19 attack rates in late March and Early April (2.9% for ages 18 and older). Participants were selected from volunteers who registered via a secure web link, using prestratification weighting to the population distribution by age and gender within each ZIP Code. Participants completed a survey reporting their demographics and symptoms; 88% of volunteers who were invited to participate completed data collection survey and had 10 ml of blood drawn. Serology was completed via the Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG immunoassay. Primary analyses estimated seroprevalence and 95% credible intervals (CI) using a hierarchical Bayesian framework to account for diagnostic uncertainty. Stratified models were run by age, sex, ZIP Code, ethnicity, employment status, and a priori participant-reported COVID-19 status. Sensitivity analyses to estimate seroprevalence included base models with post-stratification for ethnicity, age, and sex, with or without adjustment for multi-participant households. IgG antibodies to the virus that causes COVID-19 were found among 22.7% (95% CI: 20.1%, 25.5%) of residents of Blaine County. Higher levels of antibodies were found among residents of the City of Ketchum 34.8% (95% CI 29.3%, 40.5%), compared to Hailey 16.8% (95%CI 13.7%, 20.3%) and Sun Valley 19.4% (95% 11.8%, 28.4%). People who self-identified as not believing they had COVID-19 had the lowest prevalence 4.8% (95% CI 2.3%, 8.2%). The range of seroprevalence after correction for potential selection bias was 21.9% to 24.2%. This study suggests more than 80% of SARS-CoV-2 infections were not reported. Although Blaine County had high levels of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the community is not yet near the herd immunity threshold.

Clinical-Histopathologic Concordance of Tumors of the Nervous System at the Manuel Velasco Suárez National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery in Mexico City

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Leora Velásquez-Pérez ◽  
María Esther Jiménez-Marcial
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
A Priori ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnostic Uncertainty ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Histopathologic Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Concordance ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Context.—When making a diagnosis, the main purpose of clinicians should not be to achieve certainty, but to decrease diagnostic uncertainty in order to make optimal therapeutic decisions. Diagnostic concordance is an essential characteristic if a measurement is to be considered scientific. In the case of tumors of the nervous system (TNS), one of the most accurate diagnostic tests is magnetic resonance imaging. However, histopathologic analyses are essential, because they refine the diagnosis, benefit the patient, and improve our understanding of the disease. By determining the clinical-histopathologic correlation of TNS in one of the main neurologic centers in Mexico, we sought to project reliable morbidity and/or mortality statistics. Objective.—To assess clinical and histopathologic diagnostic agreement in cases involving TNS admitted to the Manuel Velasco Suárez National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery between 1990 and 1999. Design.—Cross-sectional diagnostic concordance study, including all clinical hospital records of patients with histopathologically diagnosed TNS, classified according to World Health Organization criteria. Results.—Among 2041 TNS cases, the 3 most frequent types were those affecting the neuroepithelial tissue (32.9%), tumors of the sellar region (29.2%), and tumors of the meninges (25.6%). We found that, overall, clinical-histopathologic concordance for these 3 categories was substantial and statistically significant. Conclusions.—Tumors of the nervous system constitute a heterogeneous group of neoplasms. In the present study, clinical diagnoses substantially agreed with pathologic diagnoses. The a priori clinical diagnosis allowed prompt treatment even before diagnostic confirmation by histopathologic analysis, which is the best way to confirm, clarify, and correct a diagnosis.

scholarly journals Impact of the Second Epidemic Wave of SARS-CoV-2: Increased Exposure of Young People

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisandru Capai ◽  
Shirley Masse ◽  
Toscane Fourié ◽  
Dorine Decarreaux ◽  
Jean Canarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Wave Period ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Laboratories ◽  
Serological Surveillance ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Neutralization Antibody Titer

We aimed to use serological surveillance based on serial cross-sectional sampling of residual sera obtained from clinical laboratories to compare the differences in age and sex profiles of infected persons in the first and second waves of SARS-CoV-2 in Corsica, France. Residual sera were obtained, including samples from individuals of all ages collected for routine screening or clinical management by clinical laboratories. All the sera collected were tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG using a kit for semi-quantitative detection of IgG antibodies against the S1 domain of the viral spike protein (ELISA-S). Samples that were borderline and positive in ELISA-S were tested with an in-house virus neutralization test. During the second-wave period, we collected between 6 November, 2020 and 12 February, 2021, 4,505 sera from patients aged 0–101 years (60.4% women). The overall weighted seroprevalence of residual sera collected during the second-wave period [8.04% (7.87–9.61)] was significantly higher than the overall weighted seroprevalence estimated at the end of the first wave between 16 April and 15 June, 2020 [5.46% (4.37–7.00)] (p-value = 0.00025). Ninety-eight (30.1%) of the 326 samples tested in the VNT assay had a positive neutralization antibody titer. Estimated seroprevalence increased significantly for men [odds ratio (OR) OR = 1.80 (1.30–2.54); p-value = 0.00026] and for people under 30 years of age [OR = 2.17 (1.46–3.28); p-value = 0.000032]. This increase was observed in young adults aged 20–29 years among whom antibody frequencies were around four-fold higher than those observed at the end of the first wave. In conclusion, our seroprevalence estimates, including the proportion of the participants who had produced neutralizing antibodies, indicate that in February, 2021 the population of Corsica was still far from being protected against SARS-Cov-2 by “herd immunity.”

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated characteristics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Mexico 5 months after pandemic arrival

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Díaz-Salazar ◽  
Adriana Sánchez-García ◽  
René Rodríguez-Gutiérrez ◽  
Adrián Camacho-Ortiz ◽  
Donato Saldívar-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
City Government ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is now available in several world regions to better estimate transmission dynamics. However, to date, there is no epidemiological data regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in Mexico. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and define the clinical and demographic characteristics associated with seroprevalence. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional serological survey in Ciudad Guadalupe, NL, Mexico. City government employees voluntarily participated during July 2020. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected at the time of blood sampling to analyze the associated characteristics. IgM/IgG antibodies were determined using a qualitative chemiluminescent immunoassay. Descriptive statistics were used for categorical and continuous variables. Statistical significance was tested using the Chi-squared test, Student’s t-test and the Mann–Whitney. Logistic regression models and the odds ratios (adjusted and unadjusted) were used to estimate the association of demographic and clinical characteristics. Results Of the 3,268 participants included, 193 (5.9%, 95% CI 5.1–6.8) tested positive for IgM/IgG against SARS-CoV-2. Sex, city of residence, and comorbidities did not show any association with having IgM/IgG antibodies. A total of 114 out of 193 (59.1%) subjects with a positive test were asymptomatic, and the odds of being positive were higher in those who reported symptoms of COVID-19 in the previous four weeks to the survey (OR 4.1, 95% CI 2.9–5.5). Conclusions There is a low rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection among government employees that have continuously been working during the pandemic. Six in ten infections were asymptomatic, and seroprevalence is low and still far from herd immunity. Epidemiological surveillance and preventive measures should be mandatory.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS coronavirus 2 in Belgium – a prospective cross-sectional study of residual samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herzog Sereina ◽  
De Bie Jessie ◽  
Abrams Steven ◽  
Wouters Ine ◽  
Ekinci Esra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herd Immunity ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Added Value ◽  
World Health ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The World ◽  
Belgian Population

AbstractBackgroundIn the first weeks of the COVID-19 epidemic in Belgium, a repetitive national serum collection was set up to monitor age-related exposure through emerging SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. First objective was to estimate the baseline seroprevalence and seroincidence using serial survey data that covered the start of a national lock-down period installed soon after the epidemic was recognized.MethodsA prospective serial cross-sectional seroprevalence study, stratified by age, sex and region, started with two collections in April 2020. In residual sera taken outside hospitals and collected by diagnostic laboratories, IgG antibodies against S1 proteins of SARS-CoV-2 were measured with a semi-quantitative commercial ELISA. Seropositivity (cumulative, by age category and sex) and seroincidence over a 3 weeks period were estimated for the Belgian population.FindingsIn the first collection, IgG antibodies were detected in 100 out of 3910 samples, whereas in the second collection 193 out of 3391 samples were IgG positive. The weighted overall seroprevalence increased from 2·9% (95% CI 2·3 to 3·6) to 6·0% (95% CI 5·1 to 7·1), reflected in a seroincidence estimate of 3·1% (95% CI 1·9 to 4·3). Age-specific seroprevalence significantly increased in the age categories 20-30, 80-90 and ≥90. No significant sex effect was observed.InterpretationDuring the start of epidemic mitigation by lockdown, a small but increasing fraction of the Belgian population showed serologically detectable signs of exposure to SARS-CoV-2.FundingThis independent researcher-initiated study acknowledges financial support from the Antwerp University Fund, the Flemish Research Fund, and European Horizon 2020.Research in contextEvidence before this studyThis is the first study reporting seroprevalence and seroincidence of IgG against SARS-CoV-2 in the Belgian population. Worldwide, PCR tests are being performed to identify mainly sick people suffering from COVID-19. However, seroprevalence studies are important and feasible to study the proportion of the population that has already been in contact with the virus, which helps to understand the likelihood of asymptomatic infections or infections with mild symptoms.From 11 March to 11 May, updates on the COVID-19 pandemic by the World Health Organisation as well as bulletins from the Belgian Scientific Institute for Public Health, Sciensano, were consulted daily. Press releases from all over the world were monitored during that period. Google, PubMed as well as the pre-print server medrxiv were consulted by searching the terms “seroprevalence SARS-CoV-2” and “COVID-19”,Added value of this studyThis study reports that seroprevalence increased in Belgium from 2·9% (95% CI 2·3 to 3·6) to 6·0% (95% CI 5·1 to 7·1) over a period of 3 weeks during lockdown (30 March-5 April 2020 & 20-26 April 2020) with seroincidence estimate of 3·1% (95% CI 1·9 to 4·3). Moreover, a significant increase in seroprevalence in the age categories 20-30 and ≥80 and within each sex were reported.Implications of all the available evidenceSeroprevalences worldwide indicate that an increasing fraction of the population has already been exposed to SARS-CoV-2. The continuous monitoring of seroprevalences is valuable to calibrate the response to the epidemic and to guide policy makers to control the epidemic wave and potential future waves and to avoid a deconfinement strategy leading to a rebound. However, it seems likely that natural exposure during this pandemic might not soon deliver the required level of herd immunity and there will be a substantial need for mass vaccination programmes to save time and lives.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in slums and non-slums of Mumbai, India, during June 29-July 19, 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Malani ◽  
Daksha Shah ◽  
Gagandeep Kang ◽  
Gayatri Nair Lobo ◽  
Jayanthi Shastri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Distribution ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
N Protein ◽  
And Gender

Objective: Estimate seroprevalence in representative samples from slum and non-slum communities in Mumbai, India, a mega-city in a low or middle-income country and test if prevalence is different in slums. Design: After geographically-spaced community sampling of households, one individual per household was tested for IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 N-protein in a two-week interval. Setting: Slum and non-slum communities in three wards, one each from the three main zones of Mumbai. Participants: Individuals over age 12 who consent to and have no contraindications to venipuncture were eligible. 6,904 participants (4,202 from slums and 2,702 from non-slums) were tested. Main outcome measures: The primary outcomes were the positive test rate for IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 N-protein by demographic group (age and gender) and location (slums and non-slums). The secondary outcome is seroprevalence at slum and non-slum levels. Sera was tested via chemiluminescence (CLIA) using Abbott Diagnostics ArchitectTM N-protein based test. Seroprevalence was calculated using weights to match the population distribution by age and gender and accounting for imperfect sensitivity and specificity of the test. Results: The positive test rate was 54.1% (95% CI: 52.7 to 55.6) and 16.1% (95% CI: 14.9 to 17.4) in slums and non-slums, respectively, a difference of 38 percentage points (P < 0.001). Accounting for imperfect accuracy of tests (e.g., sensitivity, 0.90; specificity 1.00), seroprevalence was as high as 58.4% (95% CI: 56.8 to 59.9) and 17.3% (95% CI: 16 to 18.7) in slums and non-slums, respectively. Conclusions: The high seroprevalence in slums implies a moderate infection fatality rate. The stark difference in seroprevalence across slums and non-slums has implications for the efficacy of social distancing, the level of herd immunity, and equity. It underlines the importance of geographic specificity and urban structure in modeling SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the Novosibirsk Region population amid the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-309
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Popova ◽  
V. S. Smirnov ◽  
E. B. Ezhlova ◽  
A. A. Mel’nikova ◽  
L. V. Samoilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleocapsid Protein ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Pasteur Institute ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Unemployed

Aim. To determine the level of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among the Novosibirsk Region population against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic.Material and methods. The work was carried out in 2 phases: 1) a cross-sectional cohort study performed 28.06– 15.07.2020; 2) longitudinal cohort 3-stage seromonitoring: 1st stage 28.06–15.07.2020; 2nd 14.09–04.10.2020; 3rd 10–30.12.2020 The work was carried out according to a unified methodology developed by Rospotrebnadzor with the participation of St-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, taking into account the recommendations of the WHO. IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein were detected by ELISA using a kit of reagents produced by the SRCMSB (Obolensk) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and other programs.Results. The seroprevalence in the region’s population was 9.1% (95% CI 8.0–10.2): maximum in children 14–17 years old (17.6%, 95% CI 12.3–23.9) and persons over 75 years (14.8%, 95% CI 11.4–18.8), minimum among persons 30–39 years old (4.9%, 95% CI 3.0–8.0). Increased rate was noted among the unemployed (15.4%, 95% CI 9.9–17.1) and other individuals (13.0%, 95% CI 8.6–18.5). Seroprevalence was 33.3% (95% CI 16.3–59.0) in COVID-19 convalescents and 19.0% (95% CI 13.9-25.0) in contact persons. More than 94.7% (95% CI 91.2–97.2) of seropositive individuals were asymptomatic. During the serological monitoring, seroprevalence increased from 7.4% (95% CI 6.2–8.9) at 1st stage 1 to 12.4% (95% CI 10.6–14.3) at 2nd , and 31% (95% CI 28.8–33.3) at 3rd stage.Conclusion. SARS-CoV-2 herd immunity has not reached the threshold level, this does not exclude exacerbation of the epidemic process.

scholarly journals Changes in Cytomegalovirus Seroprevalence Among U.S. Children Aged 1–5 Years: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly R Petersen ◽  
Eshan U Patel ◽  
Alison G Abraham ◽  
Thomas C Quinn ◽  
Aaron A R Tobian
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
National Health ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Prevalence Difference ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Us Children

Abstract Data from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) indicate that the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies among US children aged 1–5 years was 20.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.0, 29.0) in 2011–2012 and 28.2% (95% CI: 23.1–34.0) in 2017–2018 (adjusted prevalence difference, +7.6% [95% CI: −.4, +15.6]).

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccine Intention among Healthcare Workers in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Mohammed Noushad ◽  
Mohammad Zakaria Nassani ◽  
Anas B. Alsalhani ◽  
Pradeep Koppolu ◽  
Fayez Hussain Niazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Strategies

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused largescale morbidity and mortality and a tremendous burden on the healthcare system. Healthcare workers (HCWs) require adequate protection to avoid onward transmission and minimize burden on the healthcare system. Moreover, HCWs can also influence the general public into accepting the COVID-19 vaccine. Therefore, determining COVID-19 vaccine intention among HCWs is of paramount importance to plan tailor-made public health strategies to maximize vaccine coverage. A structured questionnaire was administered in February and March 2021 among HCWs in Saudi Arabia using convenience sampling, proceeding the launch of the vaccination campaign. HCWs from all administrative regions of Saudi Arabia were included in the study. In total, 674 out of 1124 HCWs responded and completed the survey (response rate 59.9%). About 65 percent of the HCWs intended to get vaccinated. The intention to vaccinate was significantly higher among HCWs 50 years of age or older, Saudi nationals and those who followed the updates about COVID-19 vaccines (p < 0.05). The high percentage (26 percent) of those who were undecided in getting vaccinated is a positive sign. As the vaccination campaign gathers pace, the attitude is expected to change over time. Emphasis should be on planning healthcare strategies to convince the undecided HCWs into accepting the vaccine in order to achieve the coverage required to achieve herd immunity.

scholarly journals Estimating epidemiologic dynamics from cross-sectional viral load distributions

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. eabh0635
Author(s):  
James A. Hay ◽  
Lee Kennedy-Shaffer ◽  
Sanjat Kanjilal ◽  
Niall J. Lennon ◽  
Stacey B. Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Distribution ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outbreak Management ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Load Distributions ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Estimating an epidemic’s trajectory is crucial for developing public health responses to infectious diseases, but case data used for such estimation are confounded by variable testing practices. We show that the population distribution of viral loads observed under random or symptom-based surveillance, in the form of cycle threshold (Ct) values obtained from reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction testing, changes during an epidemic. Thus, Ct values from even limited numbers of random samples can provide improved estimates of an epidemic’s trajectory. Combining data from multiple such samples improves the precision and robustness of such estimation. We apply our methods to Ct values from surveillance conducted during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in a variety of settings and offer alternative approaches for real-time estimates of epidemic trajectories for outbreak management and response.

scholarly journals Stillbirth outcome capture and classification in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Blencowe ◽  
◽  
Matteo Bottecchia ◽  
Doris Kwesiga ◽  
Joseph Akuze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vital Status ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Background Household surveys remain important sources of stillbirth data, but omission and misclassification are common. Classifying adverse pregnancy outcomes as stillbirths requires accurate reporting of vital status at birth and gestational age or birthweight for every pregnancy. Further categorisation, e.g. by sex, or timing (intrapartum/antepartum) improves data to understand and prevent stillbirth. Methods We undertook a cross-sectional population-based survey of women of reproductive age in five health and demographic surveillance system sites in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau and Uganda (2017–2018). All women answered a full birth history with pregnancy loss questions (FBH+) or a full pregnancy history (FPH). A sub-sample across both groups were asked additional stillbirth questions. Questions were evaluated using descriptive measures. Using an interpretative paradigm and phenomenology methodology, focus group discussions with women exploring barriers to reporting birthweight for stillbirths were conducted. Thematic analysis was guided by an a priori codebook. Results Overall 69,176 women reported 98,483 livebirths (FBH+) and 102,873 pregnancies (FPH). Additional questions were asked for 1453 stillbirths, 1528 neonatal deaths and 12,620 surviving children born in the 5 years prior to the survey. Completeness was high (> 99%) for existing FBH+/FPH questions on signs of life at birth and gestational age (months). Discordant responses in signs of life at birth between different questions were common; nearly one-quarter classified as stillbirths on FBH+/FPH were reported born alive on additional questions. Availability of information on gestational age (weeks) (58.1%) and birthweight (13.2%) was low amongst stillbirths, and heaping was common. Most women (93.9%) were able to report the sex of their stillborn baby. Response completeness for stillbirth timing (18.3–95.1%) and estimated proportion intrapartum (15.6–90.0%) varied by question and site. Congenital malformations were reported in 3.1% stillbirths. Perceived value in weighing a stillborn baby varied and barriers to weighing at birth a nd knowing birthweight were common. Conclusions Improving stillbirth data in surveys will require investment in improving the measurement of vital status, gestational age and birthweight by healthcare providers, communication of these with women, and overcoming reporting barriers. Given the large burden and effect on families, improved data must be made available to end preventable stillbirths.

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