scholarly journals Evaluation of efficacy of carfentrazone + metsulfuron, sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron and halauxifen against Rumex spp. in wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Western Haryana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Soni ◽  
Samunder Singh ◽  
Rajbir Garg
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Poor Efficacy

Rumex spp. is most dominating broad-leaf weed of wheat crop. Complaints of poor efficacy of different herbicides against Rumex spp. have reported recently from different locations of Haryana state. Therefore, the present study was carried out under completely randomised design, replicated thrice, using three different herbicides namely carfentrazone + metsulfuron, sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron and halauxifen as treatments applied with three doses against four populations of Rumex spp. Plant height, chlorophyll fluorescence, electrical conductivity, mortality percentage and dry weight were recorded as observations. Results indicated that most of the Rumex biotypes were found resistant against sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron application. Majority of biotypes were moderately controlled by the application of halauxifen. Carfentrazone + metsulfuron effectively controlled the Rumex spp. and provided 70-90 % control to all biotypes at double of the recommended dose. As per results of this study, carfentrazone + metsulfuron can be recommended for control of Rumex spp. in wheat.

scholarly journals The effect of field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunck.) on morphological and fluorescence parameters of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sava Vrbnicanin ◽  
Marija Saric-Krsmanovic ◽  
Dragana Bozic
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Ambrosia Trifida ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Giant Ragweed ◽  
Cuscuta Campestris

The effect of the parasitic flowering plant known as field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunck.) on morphological and fluorescence parameters of infested giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) plants was examined under controlled conditions. The parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence (Fo, Fv/Fm, ?PSII, Fv, Fm, ETR and IF) were measured on infested (I) and non-infested (N) A. trifida plants over a period of seven days, beginning with the day of infestation. Morphological parameters (plant height, dry and fresh weight) were measured on the last day of fluorescence measurements. C. campestris was found to affect the height, fresh and dry weight of the infested A. trifida plants, causing significant reduction in plant height and dry weight. Field dodder also affected several parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence (Fo, Fv/Fm, ?PSII and Fv) in infested A. trifida plants.

scholarly journals Effects of Ammonium, Nitrate, and Zero Leachate on Poinsettia

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 593d-593
Author(s):  
Jeff S. Kuehny ◽  
Patricia C. Branch ◽  
Felix J. Landry
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Leachate Quality

Nitrate nitrogen has been recommended as the best form of nitrogen for the production of poinsettia while ammonium and urea have been reported to be deleterious to poinsettia growth. Recent studies have indicated that lower nitrogen and leaching levels will produce quality poinsettias. Poinsettias were grown with 21–7–7 Acid Special (9.15% NH4, 11.85% urea), 20–10–20 Peat-lite Special (7.77% NH4, 12.23% NO3), 15-220 plus Ca and Mg (1.5% NH4, 12.7% NO3, 0.8% urea), and 15–5–15 Excel CalMag (1.2% NH4, 11.75% NO3, 2.05% urea) applied at 200 mg·L-1. Plants were fertigated by drip irrigation with zero leachate. There were no significant differences between fertilizer treatments for plant height, width, bloom diameter, and dry weight. Electrical conductivity and pH did vary significantly between treatments; however, this did not effect plant growth. Thus, by using lower nitrogen levels and zero leachate, quality poinsettias can be grown with commercial fertilizers high in ammonium/urea or high in nitrate nitrogen, or ammonium and nitrate in combination.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF WILD OAT (AVENA FATUA L.)DENSITY ON WHEAT (TRITICUM EASTIVUM L.). YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Abebe Woldesenbet ◽  
Abreham Wolde ◽  
Ayele Tefera
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

The experiment was conducted under field condition at Jimma University, College of Agricultures and Veterinary Medicine (JUCAVM) to determine the effect of various wild oats (Avevafatua L.) densities on yield and yield components of Wheat (Triticumeastivum L.). The experiment design used was the randomized complete block design and each of the experimental treatment was replicated three times. A Wheat cultivar, Digalu was grown with (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80) Wild Oat densities as a treatment. Data were recorded on wheat plant height, number of tillers, fresh weight and dry weight. The result revealed that various Wild Oats densities statistically (p≤0.05) affected plant height, number of tillers, fresh weight and dry weight. The maximum values of all the parameters were recorded in the (0) Wild Oat density as well as from Wild Oats density (20). Whereas, the minimum values of these parameters were recorded where (80) wild oats densities were present. From the study it could be concluded that Wheat yield and yield components were greatly affected by Wild Oat densities. Judicious control measures for wild oats are recommended to be adopted that can control Wild Oats in Wheat crop to reduce the crop losses due to this noxious weed.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY MEDIA ON VIOLA (Viola cornuta L.) SEEDLING GROWTH PERFORMANCE

Agric ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Alfa Sada Saputra ◽  
Suprihati Suprihati
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
Germination And Growth

Electrical conductivity (EC) of nursery medium will affect germination and growth of viola (Viola cornuta L.) seedling. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of various ECs of growing medium on germination and  growth of viola seedling. Research was carried out in December 2016 - January 2017 in nursery room of PT. Selektani Horticulture, Ngablak, Magelang. There were 9 EC treatments repeated 3 times therefore 27 units of experiment were tested. The observed parameters includeds germination rate (DB), and speed (KCT), plant height, number of leaves, shoot dry weight (BKBA) and root dry weight (BKA). Data were analyzed using regression and correlation tests. This study showed that there was a linear relationship between EC and DB as well as between EC and KCT. This is indicated by the following equations y = -20.771x + 99 504 (R2 = 0.9653, n = 27, y = germination (%), x = EC (dS / m) 0 HSS) and y = -5.1109x + 21.6 (R2= 0.8765, n=27, y= KCT (%KN/24hours). The critical EC needed to reach germination rate of higher than 80% was 0.94 dS/m. The correlations between DB and ec as well as KCT and EC were significant: respectively -0.98251 and -0.93621 (n = 27). The Relationships between EC and plant height, number of leaves, BKBA as well as BKA were quadratic. The optimum EC needed for seedling growth was 2.44-2.60 dS/m. The correlation betweenplant height and number of leaves was very strong as showed by the value at 0.9212. The correlation between BKBA and BKA was strong and this was indicated by the value of 0.7561.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Character Associations for Yield and Its Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
Pooran Chand ◽  
Ravi Singh Thapa ◽  
Tejbir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Late Sowing

Background: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) an important self-pollinated and hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42) cereal crop belongs to the grass family Gramineae (Poaceae). With the gradual increase in human population, there is a substantial increase in the demands for food requirements. Hence, increasing the wheat production is an important goal to overcome the demand of food. The only alternative is to increase productivity by better crop management techniques and introduction of high yielding varieties. The current study aimed to study the genetic diversity in wheat genotypes for further selection and utilization in breeding programmes and identification of transgressive segregants for genetic improvement in wheat crop. Methods: In the field investigation during 2017-2019, forty genotypes were evaluated at research farm of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Kisan P.G. College, Simbhaoli, Hapur (U.P). The observations were recorded on five randomly selected competitive plants from each genotype in each replication and recorded data from each replication was subjected to statistical analysis. Result: Significant differences were observed for all the characters studied in both environments (early and late). Highest GCV and PCV were recorded for flag leaf area, number of tillers per plant and grain yield in both environments. Plant height, days to 50% heading and grain yield in early sowing and for plant height, gluten content and grain yield exhibited high heritability estimates in late sowing. Biological yield and harvest index showed positive and significant association with grain yield under both environments. Biological yield and harvest index have positive and direct effect on grain yield in both environments. Forty genotypes were grouped into seven clusters in early sowing and six clusters in late sowing. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between clusters VI and IV in early sowing and between cluster III and II in Late sowing. Genotypes PBW-34 showed wide genetic diversity in both the environments (early and late sowing). Based on the divergence studies it is suggested that maximum heterosis and good recombinants could be obtained in crosses between the genotypes of clusters which showed highest inter cluster distance and these genotypes can be utilized in crop improvement programmes.

scholarly journals The Effect of Efficacy Local Isolates of Paenibacillus Bacteria on Available Soil Phosphorus and Growth of Cultivars Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012073
Author(s):  
Ghanim Bahlol Noni ◽  
Abd Ayat Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Phosphorous Concentration

Abstract A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of bio-inoculation with three local isolates of P. polymyxa and three Varieties of wheat on the growth and yield of the wheat plant (Triticum aestivum L). In the second agricultural research station affiliated to the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Muthanna, a field experiment was conducted in Al-Muthanna Governorate for the year 2020 in silty clay Loam soil texture. The experiment was designed in a randomized complete block method (RCBD) and with three replications. The experiment included two factors, where the first factor represents the local isolates of four levels, symbolized by P0-P1-P2-P3, and the second factor represents the three wheat varieties, Buhouth class 22, Iraq class, and Ibaa 99, which symbolized C1-C2-C3 respectively. The results showed the following: First: The P3 bio-pollination treatment achieved a significant increase in soil phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen in the available part at the flowering stage, as the highest average was recorded for them (11.39 mg kg −1 soil - 1.4300%-1.4,000%), and the P2 treatment was superior for both soil potassium and plant height. And the dry weight, the highest average for them was recorded (157.8 mg kg −1 - 92.6 cm - 10.61 g plant −1). Second: As for the cultivars, they differed in most of the characteristics of the study. The Iraq cultivar excelled in soil phosphorous concentration with an average of (11.06 mg kg −1 soil), while Buhouth cultivar 22 was superior in soil potassium with an average of (158.02) mg kg −1 soil. Ibaa 99 had been recorded concentration nitrogen and potassium in plants with averages of (1.4208,1.3474%). Third: When the isolates overlapped with the cultivars, a discrepancy was observed. It gave Samawa isolate with Bohouth class 22 by recording the highest average in soil potassium concentration and plant height amounting to (166.7 mg kg −1 soil, 99.8 cm) respectively, while Al-Khidr isolate with Ibaa 99 cultivar in nitrogen and potassium concentration plant, where it reached (1.4567-1.4400)%, while the isolate without addition outperformed with the cultivar Iba 99 for dry weight, as it reached its highest average (11.40 gm plant −1). The isolate of vegetables also outperformed Iraq cultivar for phosphorous concentration in soil, as it recorded the highest average of (12.30) mg kg −1 soil.

scholarly journals Nodulation, yield and quality of soybean as influenced by integrated nutrient management

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Alam ◽  
A Siddiqua ◽  
MAH Chowdhury ◽  
MY Prodhan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Yield And Quality

A field experiment was conducted at the Horticultural Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2007 to March 2008 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on nodulation and sustainable soybean production. There were significant differences among the different treatment combinations in terms of yield and yield contributing characters. Integrated nutrient management with application of 50% of the recommended doses of urea, TSP, MOP, gypsum and biofertilizer (Bradyrhizobium) at the rate of 1 kg ha-1 significantly increased most of the parameters, such as the highest plant height, number of nodule per plant, nodule dry weight per plant, pods per plant, grains per pod, grain yield, oil and protein contents. Coinoculation of Bradyrhizobium seemed to help reduce the NPKS requirement in soybean cultivation. Overall results indicate that the application of integrated nutrient management of biofertilizer (Bradyrhizobium) with ½ NPKS of the recommended dose would produce the best quality of soybean with higher nodulation and yield. Keywords: Nodulation; Integrated nutrient management; Inoculation DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v7i2.4723 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(2): 229-234, 2009

scholarly journals Using of Rustumiya sewage water for irrigation:1- its effect on some soil properties and corn growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Additional Level

This study is conducted to investigate the validity of using different levels of Rustumiya sewage water for irrigation and their effects on corn growth and some of the chemical properties of the soil such as electrical conductivity and soil pH in extract soil paste , the micro nutrient content in soil and plant which are ( Fe , Mn , Zn , Cu , Cd , Pb ). Three levels of sewage water ( 0 , 50 , 100 )% in two stages were used ,the three levels of wastewater ( without soil fertilization ) were used in the first stage , Where 80 Kg N /D+50Kg P2O5 /D was added to the soil as fertilizer in the control (0%) treatment and 40 Kg N/D+25Kg P2O5/D were added to 50 and 100% levels in the second stage .Corn seeds were planted in 12kg plastic pots in Completely Randomized Block Design in three replicates . The results show a high significant increase in plant height , fresh and dry weight for all treatments in comparison with control treatment . The low added level of sewagewater in both stages gave a significant increase of plant height and fresh and dry weight . The results showed a high increased of electrical conductivity for 50 , 100% wastewater added levels for both stages compared with control treatment , The high added level 100% gave high significant increase in electrical conductivity compared with the low level of the sewagewater .Whereas the values of soil PHwere close to the neutral for all treatment.The results showed a significant increase in micro nutrients content ( which include Fe , Mn , Zn , Cu , Cd , Pb ) in soil and plant for all treatments compared with control treatment . This increase was continued with the increase of additional level of sewagewater . However all the micro nutrient were within the allowable natural limits and not reached the toxic limits in soil and plant .

Herbicidal potential of Aerva javanica to control wild oat in wheat crop

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-194
Author(s):  
Al-Ghamdi A.M. ◽  
El-Zohri M
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Culture Experiment ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Wheat Germination ◽  
Radical Length

We investigated the phytotoxicity of desert cotton (Aerva javanica) extracts on wild oat and wheat. Aqueous extracts from A. javanica roots, leaves and inflorescences collected from Jeddah and Al-Baha regions, Saudi Arabia were used. Generally, the allelopathic potential of water extracts of A. javanica collected from Jeddah were more in inhibitory to wild oat germination and seedlings growth than those from Al-Baha. In both regions, root extracts were inhibitory to wild oat followed by leaves and inflorescences extracts. All test aqueous extracts of both regions did not inhibit the wheat germination or seedlings growth.Whreas, the wild oat germination was reduced by root extracts 58.62 %, 28.62 % leaves extracts : 32.72 %, 17.72 % and inflorescences extract 28.11 %, 12.13 % by in plants samples collected from Jeddah and Al-Baha, respectively. Wild oat radical length was inhibited by root extracts 53.27 %, 32.84 % leaves 42.35 %, 9.63 % and inflorescences extracts 22.64 %, 16.75 % in case of Jeddah and Al-Baha plants, respectively. In pot culture experiment, all treatments markedly reduced the plant dry weight and soluble carbohydrates, proteins and free amino acids contents in wild oat. The differences in the allelopathic potentials of studied A. javanica extracts were related to the qualitative variations in their phytochemicals constituents. Our results showed that A. javanica extracts could be safely used to control wild oat growth in wheat fields after more detsaled research..

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