scholarly journals Susceptibility and infectiousness of children and adults with SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 deduced from three daycare centre outbreaks and related household situations; Germany, 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Loenenbach ◽  
Inessa Markus ◽  
Ann-Sophie Lehfeld ◽  
Matthias an der Heiden ◽  
Walter Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Day Care ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Daycare Centre ◽  
Almost All

We investigated three SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 kindergarten outbreaks and related household situations. Despite group cohorting, cases occurred in almost all groups, i.e. also among persons without close contact. Secondary attack rates (SAR) of children were similar to adults (day care: 23% vs. 30%; p=0.15; households: 32% vs. 39%; p=0.27), and also child-induced household outbreaks led to similar SAR compared to adults. With the advent of B.1.1.7, susceptibility and infectiousness of children and adults seem to converge.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Calodium hepaticum and Cysticercus fasciolaris in Urban Rats and Their Histopathological Reaction in the Livers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharathalingam Sinniah ◽  
Muniandy Narasiman ◽  
Saequa Habib ◽  
Ong Gaik Bei
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Cysticercus Fasciolaris ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Calodium Hepaticum ◽  
Granulomatous Lesions ◽  
Almost All

Humans can get infected with several zoonotic diseases from being in close contact with rats. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and histopathological changes caused by Calodium hepaticum and Cysticercus fasciolaris in infected livers of wild caught urban rats. Of the 98 urban rats (Rattus rattus diardii and Rattus norvegicus) autopsied, 64.3% were infected; 44.9% were infected with Caladium hepatica, 39.3% were infected with Cysticercus fasciolaris, and 20.4% were infected with both parasites. High infection rates suggest that urban rats are common reservoir for both parasites, which are potentially a threat to man. Calodium hepaticum infections were identified by the presence of ova or adults in the liver parenchyma. They appear as yellowish white nodules, measuring 1–7 mm in diameter or in streaks scattered widely over the serosal surface of the liver. Cysticercus fasciolaris infections are recognized morphologically by their shape (round or oval) and are creamy white in colour. Histological studies of Calodium hepaticum showed areas of granulomatous lesions with necrotic areas around the dead ova and adults. In almost all cases, the rats appeared robust, looked healthy, and showed no visible signs of hepatic failure despite the fact that more than 64.0% of their livers were infected by either one or both parasites.

Means And Seas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (46) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Siegfried Zielinski
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
World Community ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Bodies Of Water

In this article, the author examines the contrasting worldviews of specific philosophers, architects, and physicists in an attempt to identify a position that would represent a viable alternative to the concept of universalization. In the history of civilization, he asserts, almost all wars have been of a territorial nature. Territories tend toward uniformity and universalization. He contrasts this worldview with reflections on oceanic thinking, which perceives bodies of water such as the Mediterranean as mediators between continents as well as between opposing worldviews, connecting and dividing at the same time. The sea, however, does not connect in order to homogenize but rather creates distance as an important prerequisite for true communication, thus linking multiplicity in all its variety as a viable alternative to universalism. The author moves on to scrutinize the cosmopolitan attitude as a paradox that on the one hand is oriented to the particular individual and on the other hand to an imaginary world community, that is, the universal. Taking this notion further to consider today’s world that is saturated with the imaginary and symbolic power of the Internet, the author proposes that cosmopolitanism could be understood as an adequate expression for the technologically advanced world community by its capability to strike a balance between the individual and the world as a whole, on one side, and synthetic identity generated by culture and technology, on the other. Nevertheless, deviating from all of these worldviews, the author concludes with a short reflection, inspired by two films, on an alternative to cosmopolitanism that he calls cosmoethics, which employs ethics as the guiding principle of thought and action and commits to a practice that stays in close contact not only with real but also with diverse realities.

scholarly journals Where will our children go? A Study on the Impact of Children’s Day Care Services on Working Parents

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-87
Author(s):  
Md. Shhariar Bulbul Tonmoy ◽  
Kazi Rabiul Islmal
Keyword(s):  
Day Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Working Parents ◽  
Service Centre ◽  
Childhood Environment ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Working parents in Bangladesh are facing tremendous challenges to be self-dependent both socially and economically in addition to raise and to educate their children in a sound and secure way. Regarding the issue, caring for the children has been appeared as a vital social demand due to the increasing number of working parent’s attachments to a variety of economic and social activities which displays timely Day Care service requirements. To find out the present condition of the daycare centres in Bangladesh and to know the impact of daycare centres on working parents in Dhaka city, a research has been carried out in Dhaka city based on qualitative data. In this rigorous process, data has been gathered from 30 respondents, which includes working parents who have babies, experts, owners of Day Care service centre, and staff. The study found that almost all the respondents are satisfied with the services are providing by the private sector's daycare centres and the working parents who keep their babies in Daycare service centre, they can continue their work and job unworriedly by keeping their babies in Day Care Centres. Both father and mother are contributing to their family, their standard of living is increasing, and economically working parents are getting solvent. Findings revealed that the enhancement of working parents creates the demand of healthy daycare centres exponentially. The endorsement has been made to augment the services provided by these daycare centres with the aid of proper amenities. Lastly, these types of services can play a significant role in promoting a suitable, healthy, and secure childhood environment for our children, and even it can be the essential stakeholder of Sustainable Development if it is flourished and patronized properly.

scholarly journals “DENTISTRY IN COVID-19”

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Urvi Echhpal ◽  
Asbah Shaikh ◽  
Mateenah Patrawala ◽  
Shamika Purao ◽  
Parimal Yewale
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Patient Screening ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Almost All

In the current COVID 19 pandemic, Dentists, auxiliaries as well as patients undergoing dental procedures are at high risk of cross-infection. Almost all dental procedures involve close contact with the patient’s oral cavity, saliva, blood and respiratory tract secretions. Saliva is rich in COVID 19 viral load. Many patients who are asymptomatic may be carriers. Hence, it is suggested that all patients who visit a dental office should be treated with all due precautions. Thus, the aim of this article is to provide a brief overview of the epidemiology, symptoms, and routes of transmission of this novel infection and protocol for patient screening, infection control strategies, and patient management.

Social Organisation in the Rufous Bettong, Aepyprymnus Rufescens

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Frederick ◽  
CN Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Overt Aggression ◽  
Association Patterns ◽  
Intimate Knowledge ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Almost All

This study examined association patterns and reproductive behaviour in a sexually monomorphic potoroid marsupial, the rufous bettong, Aepyprymnus rufescens. A total of 29 individuals was marked, and 22 of these were observed regularly over a six-month period; these 22 individuals accounted for almost all the animals using the study area. Rufous bettongs at this site were predominantly solitary (71% of sightings were of single animals) and groups, when they formed, were generally small (maximum of six individuals). Most groups of two were male-female pairs, and unisex groups occurred significantly less often than expected. These male-female groups formed as a result of sexual investigations of females by males, and were shore-lived. Analysis of the frequency with which particular males and females were seen together (excluding occasions when females were in oestrus) showed that most males did not persistently associate with any particular female. Instead, they appeared to maintain transitory contact with as many females as possible. However, three pairs were regularly seen together, suggesting that some males may maintain especially close contact with particular females. Females as they approached oestrus were followed continually by several males, with one male following very closely and preventing others from approaching. In two well-studied cases, the male who defended priority of access to the female was the same individual who had most often associated with that female when not in oestrus. These males demonstrated intimate knowledge of the nesting locations of the females and were able to join them very early each evening, and defended them against other males with little overt aggression. The mating system in this population appears to be promiscuous, but with a hint of monogamy arising from the tendency of some males to persistently investigate and ultimately to guard sexual access to certain individual females.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pengetahuan tentang Covid-19 dengan Kepatuhan Physical Distancing di Tarakan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Zul Hafandi ◽  
Ririn Ariyanti
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correlative Study ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Relationship Of

Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) is a disease that is pandemic almost all over the world. Covid-19 infection can cause mild, moderate or severe symptoms. Covid-19 can be transmitted from humans through close contact and droplets, not through the air. WHO recommends physical distancing to prevent the spread of Covid-19. The purpose of this study was to relationship of knowledge about Covid-19 with obedience physical distancing. This research is a descriptive correlative study with cross sectional approach, the sampling technique used accidental sampling , the data is obtained from the Google form filled out by the researcher. The results of this study showed p-value 0,000 <α 0.05 so that there is a significant relationship between knowledge about Covid-19 with obedience physical distancing

scholarly journals Study of anemia among hemophilia patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-575
Author(s):  
Rafiqul Haque ◽  
Dannish Arefin Biswas ◽  
Shafiul Alam Quraishi
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Fresh Frozen Plasma ◽  
Transfusion Medicine ◽  
Online Source ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Frozen Plasma

Background: Almost all hemophilia patients are treated with fresh frozen plasma and other alternatives regardless of anemic status, so it is important to identify the patients who are chronically anemic and thereby those cases to be treated accordingly. As no previous work and research regarding study of anemia among hemophilia patients were done in our country and abroad as far as I know, so data regarding this study from online source could not be compiled here.Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the degree of anemic status among hemophilia patients who were receiving FFP for long time.Materials and Method: It was a prospective type of observational study. The study was carried out in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh. This study was conducted from July 2011 to June 2012 for a period of one (1) year. 60 patients with hemophilia were selected from patients attending at day care unit of Transfusion Medicine dept. of BSMMU.Results: Among 60 patients, according to degree of anemia majority cases are moderately anemic which were 35(58.33%) cases followed by mildly anemic which were 15(25.00%) cases, Severely anemic were 2(3.33%).Non anemic cases were 10(16.67%).Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(4) 2018 p.573-575

scholarly journals External Ophthalmomyiasis Report in Jordan Valley

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omran H. Alameri
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Oestrus Ovis ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Northern Jordan

A young farmer from Northern Jordan Valley in close contact with sheep was infected acci- dentally in early May 2014 with the larvae of oestrus ovis. The deposition of larvae in his eye lead to inflammation accompanied with severe pain and irritation. The inflammatory signs disappeared five days after receiving the medical care. The infection is more prevalent in almost all ages of males. External ophthal- momyiasis should be considered in susceptible individuals when in contact with sheep or other ruminant species.

scholarly journals W. B. Yeats and the Quest for Order

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Hamdi H. Al-Douri
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Second Coming

This paper is an attempt to explore Yeats’s quest for order and how this quest found expression in his works. Throughout his life, Yeats was dissatisfied with the religious, artistic, political, anthropological and intellectual aspects of life, in both Ireland and England which have taken away from modern man the sense of order. His father's skepticism, his dissatisfaction with the spiritless religion of his time, a religion which seems dead and his sense of alienation at school among British students were behind his ceaseless search for alternative orders which became the preoccupation of all his life and triggered his [] engagements in numerous nationalistic, occult, and mystical societies which he joined early in his life. Among the societies he joined was the Balvatsky Lodge of the Russian lady Madam Balvatsky through which he came into close contact with the occult. One of the most important societies he joined and presided was the occult society the Golden Dawn. This paper, therefore, sheds light on his quest for nationalist, intellectual, philosophical, and mystical orders and how this is reflected in his poetry. The paper attempts to explore this quest for order selected poems such as "The Lake Isle of Innisfree", "The Second Coming", "Leda and the Swan", "Sailing to Byzantium" and some other poems together with reference to his philosophical book A Vision. However, the dominating quest in Yeats's poetry is his quest for a mystical order which can be traced in almost all his poetical works.

scholarly journals Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Analysis of Nasopharyngeal Flora in Children Attending a Day Care Center

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisakazu Yano ◽  
Mitsuko Suetake ◽  
Akio Kuga ◽  
Kazuhiko Irinoda ◽  
Ryoichi Okamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Pfge Pattern ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Almost All

To investigate how bacterial pathogens spread from child to child in a day care center, we monitored six children, two boys and four girls, born between August 1995 and November 1997, attending a day care center and analyzed nasopharyngeal samples from them using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). We obtained nasopharyngeal cultures from all of the affected children and almost all of the unaffected children between September 1998 and March 1999 after some children presented simultaneously with purulent rhinorrhea. Moreover, when a child was found to have acute otitis media, nasopharyngeal secretions from the child were independently cultured during treatment. During this period, 28 isolates of Moraxella catarrhalis, 13 ofStreptococcus pneumoniae, and 4 of Haemophilus influenzae were recovered. PFGE gave 8 patterns for M. catarrhalis, 10 for S. pneumoniae, and 1 for H. influenzae. PFGE patterns demonstrated spread of M. catarrhalis between children. However, each occurrence of clusters of infection with M. catarrhalis lasted 2 to 6 weeks, with a change in PFGE pattern between occurrences of clusters. The M. catarrhalis strain infecting each child also changed. Similarly, the S. pneumoniae strain in each child also changed. In contrast, infection with H. influenzaepersisted for about 3 months in an affected child.

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