scholarly journals Diversity of Antibiotic Resistance genes and Transfer Elements-Quantitative Monitoring (DARTE-QM): a method for detection of antimicrobial resistance in environmental samples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schuyler D. Smith ◽  
Jin Choi ◽  
Nicole Ricker ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Shannon Hinsa-Leasure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Quantitative Monitoring ◽  
The Cost

Effective monitoring of antibiotic resistance genes and their dissemination in environmental ecosystems has been hindered by the cost and efficiency of methods available for the task. We developed a method entitled the Diversity of Antibiotic Resistance genes and Transfer Elements-Quantitative Monitoring (DARTE-QM), a system implementing high-throughput sequencing to simultaneously sequence thousands of antibiotic resistant genes representing a full-spectrum of antibiotic resistance classes commonly seen in environmental systems. In this study, we demonstrated DARTE-QM by screening 662 antibiotic resistance genes within environmental samples originated from manure, soil, and animal feces, in addition to a mock-community used as a control to test performance. DARTE-QM offers a new approach to studying antibiotic resistance in environmental microbiomes, showing advantages in efficiency and the ability to scale for many samples. This method provides a means of data acquisition that will alleviate the obstacles that many researchers in this area currently face.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Resistance in Multiple-Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains of Human, Animal, and Food Origins

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 3996-4001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Sáenz ◽  
Laura Briñas ◽  
Elena Domínguez ◽  
Joaquim Ruiz ◽  
Myriam Zarazaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Human Animal

ABSTRACT Seventeen multiple-antibiotic-resistant nonpathogenic Escherichia coli strains of human, animal, and food origins showed a wide variety of antibiotic resistance genes, many of them carried by class 1 and class 2 integrons. Amino acid changes in MarR and mutations in marO were identified for 15 and 14 E. coli strains, respectively.

scholarly journals Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. associated with dairy cattle and farm environment having public health significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 984-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdus Sobur ◽  
Abdullah Al Momen Sabuj ◽  
Ripon Sarker ◽  
A. M. M. Taufiqur Rahman ◽  
S. M. Lutful Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
One Health ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli

Aim: The present study was carried out to determine load of total bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in dairy farm and its environmental components. In addition, the antibiogram profile of the isolated bacteria having public health impact was also determined along with identification of virulence and resistance genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) under a one-health approach. Materials and Methods: A total of 240 samples of six types (cow dung - 15, milk - 10, milkers' hand wash - 10, soil - 10 water - 5, and vegetables - 10) were collected from four dairy farms. For enumeration, the samples were cultured onto plate count agar, eosin methylene blue, and xylose-lysine deoxycholate agar and the isolation and identification of the E. coli and Salmonella spp. were performed based on morphology, cultural, staining, and biochemical properties followed by PCR. The pathogenic strains of E. coli stx1, stx2, and rfbO157 were also identified through PCR. The isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test against 12 commonly used antibiotics by disk diffusion method. Detection of antibiotic resistance genes ereA, tetA, tetB, and SHV were performed by PCR. Results: The mean total bacterial count, E. coli and Salmonella spp. count in the samples ranged from 4.54±0.05 to 8.65±0.06, 3.62±0.07 to 7.04±0.48, and 2.52±0.08 to 5.87±0.05 log colony-forming unit/g or ml, respectively. Out of 240 samples, 180 (75%) isolates of E. coli and 136 (56.67%) isolates of Salmonella spp. were recovered through cultural and molecular tests. Among the 180 E. coli isolates, 47 (26.11%) were found positive for the presence of all the three virulent genes, of which stx1 was the most prevalent (13.33%). Only three isolates were identified as enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that both E. coli and Salmonella spp. were found highly resistant to azithromycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, and ertapenem and susceptible to gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem. Among the four antibiotic resistance genes, the most observable was tetA (80.51-84.74%) in E. coli and Salmonella spp. and SHV genes were the lowest one (22.06-25%). Conclusion: Dairy farm and their environmental components carry antibiotic-resistant pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella spp. that are potential threat for human health which requires a one-health approach to combat the threat.

Genome Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Probiotic Bacteria and a Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Fatahi-Bafghi ◽  
Sara Naseri ◽  
Ali Alizehi
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
To Come

Abstract Having various clinical applications, probiotic bacteria are currently used in the diet. There are reports of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in these bacteria that can be transferred to other microflora and pathogenic bacteria. The aim of the study is to examine whole-genome sequence analysis in bacteria with probiotic properties. Moreover, this study follows existing issues about the importance and presence of ARGs in these bacteria the dangers of which may affect human health in the years to come. In the present study, 126 complete probiotic bacterial genomes were collected and analysed for ARGs. The results of the study shows there are various antibiotic resistant genes of in these bacteria some of which can be transmitted to other bacteria. We propose microorganisms be applied as a probiotic element in various types of products, antibiogram be conducted for a large number of antibiotics and analysis of complete genome sequence for ARGs prediction.

scholarly journals 655. Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Clinical Samples using T2 Magnetic Resonance

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S301-S301
Author(s):  
Jessica L Snyder ◽  
Brendan Manning ◽  
Robert Shivers ◽  
Daniel Gamero ◽  
Heidi Giese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Culture Independent

Abstract Background Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are spread through selective pressure from the use of broad-spectrum empirical therapies, mobile genetic elements that pass resistance genes between species, and the inability to rapidly and appropriately respond to their presence. Resistance gene identification is often performed with post culture molecular diagnostic tests. The T2Resistance Panel, which detects methicillin resistance genes mecA/C; vancomycin resistance genes vanA/B; carbapenemases blaKPC, blaOXA-48,blaNDM, blaVIM, and blaIMP; AmpC β-lactamases blaCMY and blaDHA; and extended-spectrum β-lactamases blaCTX-M directly from patient blood samples, is based on T2 magnetic resonance (T2MR), an FDA-cleared technology with demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for culture-independent bacterial and fungal species identification. Here we report the clinical performance of T2MR detection of resistance genes directly from patient blood samples. Methods Patients with a clinical diagnosis of sepsis and an order for blood culture (BC) were enrolled in the study at two sites. BCs were managed using standard procedures and MALDI-TOF for species identification. Resistance testing with the T2MR assay was performed on a direct patient draw and compared with diagnostic test results from concurrent BC specimen and BC specimen taken at other points in time. The potential impact on therapy was evaluated through patient chart review. Results T2MR detected the same resistance genes as detected by post culture diagnostics in 100% of samples from concurrent blood draws. Discordant results occurred when T2MR was taken ≥48 hours after BC for patients on antimicrobial therapy. The average time to positive result was 5.9 hours with T2MR vs. 30.6 hours with post-culture molecular testing. Conclusion The T2Resistance Panel detected antibiotic resistance genes in clinical samples and displayed agreement with post culture genetic testing. T2MR results were achieved faster than culture-dependent diagnostic testing results and may allow for an earlier change from empiric to directed therapy. The use of culture-independent diagnostics like T2MR could enable a quicker response to antibiotic-resistant organisms for individual patients and developing outbreaks. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document