scholarly journals Severity of thermal burn injury is associated with systemic neutrophil activation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laggner ◽  
Marie-Therse Lingitz ◽  
Dragan Copic ◽  
Martin Direder ◽  
Katharina Klas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Neutrophil Activation ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Injury Progression

Objectives Burn injuries elicit a unique and dynamic stress response which can lead to burn injury progression. Though neutrophils represent crucial players in the burn-induced immunological events, the dynamic secretion pattern and systemic levels of neutrophil-derived factors have not been investigated in detail so far. Methods Serum levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), and complement factor C3a were quantified in burn victims over 4 weeks post injury. Furthermore, the potential association with mortality, degree of burn injury, and inhalation trauma was evaluated. In addition, leukocyte, platelet, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were assessed. Lastly, we analyzed the association of neutrophil-derived factors with clinical severity scoring systems. Results Serum levels of NE, MPO, CitH3, and C3a were remarkably elevated in burn victims compared to healthy controls. Leukocyte and neutrophil counts were significantly increased on admission day and day 1, while relative lymphocytes were decreased in the first 7 days post burn trauma. Though neutrophil-derived factors did not predict mortality, patients suffering from 3rd degree burn injuries displayed increased CitH3 and NE levels. Accordingly, CitH3 and NE were elevated in cases with higher abbreviated burn severity indices (ABSI). Conclusions Taken together, our data suggest a role for neutrophil activation and NETosis in burn injuries and burn injury progression. Targeting exacerbated neutrophil activation might represent a new therapeutic option for severe cases of burn injury.

scholarly journals Alcohol Intoxication and the Postburn Gastrointestinal Hormonal Response

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan-Pablo Idrovo ◽  
Jill A Shults ◽  
Brenda J Curtis ◽  
Michael M Chen ◽  
Elizabeth J Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormones ◽  
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormone ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Ethanol Intoxication ◽  
Burn Victims

Abstract Gastrointestinal hormones are essential in postburn metabolism. Since near 50% of burn victims test positive for blood alcohol levels at hospital admission and have inferior outcomes compared to nonintoxicated burn patients; we hypothesized that the gastrointestinal hormone secretion is compromised in intoxicated burn victims. To test our theory, we quantified gastrointestinal hormones serum levels in a combine ethanol intoxication and burn injury mouse model. Thus, mice received a daily dose of ethanol for 3 days, rested 4 days, and were given ethanol 3 additional days. Mice underwent 15% TBSA scald burn 30 minutes after their last ethanol dose. Serum samples were collected 24 hours after burn injury. Nonintoxicated burned mice exhibited an increase in glucose, insulin, ghrelin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, leptin, and resistin by 1.4-, 3-, 13.5-, 6.2-, 9.4-, and 2.4-fold, respectively, compared to sham vehicle mice (P < .05). Burn injury also reduced serum gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) by 32% compared to sham-injured, vehicle-treated mice. Leptin, resistin, glucagon-like peptide-1, as well as insulin, were not different from sham groups when intoxication preceded burn injury. Nevertheless, in burned mice treated with ethanol, gastric inhibitory polypeptide and glucagon serum levels exhibited a significant fold increase of 3.5 and 4.7, respectively. With these results, we conclude that 24 hours after burn injury, mice developed significant changes in gastrointestinal hormones, along with hyperglycemia. Moreover, the combined insult of burn and ethanol intoxication led to additional hormonal changes that may be attributed to a potential pancreatic dysfunction. Further multiday studies are required to investigate the etiology, behavior, and clinical significance of these hormonal changes.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of burn injuries in Nepal: a systemic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjib Tripathee ◽  
Surendra Jung Basnet
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Burn is a global public health problem associated with significant morbidity and mortality, mostly in low- and middle-income countries. Southeast-Asian countries share a big burden of burn injuries, and Nepal is not an exception. We performed a systemic review to examine the epidemiological characteristics of burn injures in Nepal. Relevant epidemiological studies were identified through systemic search in PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Reference lists from relevant review articles were also searched. Studies were included if they meet our selection criteria. Eight studies were included in our systemic review. Most of the burn victims belong to the working age group between 15–60 years old. Flame burns were found to be the most common cause of burn injury followed by scald burns, whereas scald burns were the most common cause of burn injury among the pediatric population. Most patients sustained less severe burn injuries, with home being the most common place of burn injury. The average hospital stay among the burn victims ranged from 13 to 60 days. Mortality among the burn victims ranged from 4.5 to 23.5%, with highest mortality among the flame burn patients. Developed nations have significantly reduced the burn incidence through effective intervention program. Although, burn injuries are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Nepal, effective intervention programs are lacking due to the limited epidemiological data related to burn injuries. Further large scale research is imperative to investigate the problem and assess the effectiveness of an intervention program.

scholarly journals Soluble CD163: A novel biomarker for the susceptibility to sepsis in severe burn injuries

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (01) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Andrzej Piatkowski ◽  
Gerrit Grieb ◽  
Rittuparna Das ◽  
Ahmet Bozkurt ◽  
Dietmar Ulrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Soluble Cd163 ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Total Body

ABSTRACT Objective: Soluble CD163 (sCD163) has been previously shown to play a role in inflammatory and infectious diseases. This study, for the first time, investigates the characteristics and potential values of sCD163 in burn patients. A first look is taken on the changes of sCD163 levels in burn patients by comparing predefined subgroups at single time points. Materials and Methods: Serum samples of 18 patients with burn injuries were collected for biochemical analysis at the time of admission and in a chronological sequence of 12, 24, 48 and 120 h after the injury and were matched to clinical parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon signed rank and Pearson bivariate correlation. Results: Patients with sepsis showed a significant increase of sCD163 levels. sCD163 was correlated with leukocytes (P=0.035) over the time course of 120 h. Patients characterized by a burn size exceeding 25% of the total body surface area (TBSA) showed a significant increase of sCD163 between 12 and 48 h after burn injury (P=0.038). Conclusions: The first view on the characteristics of sCD163 in the serum of burn patients points out that sCD163 seems to be an early indicator for the susceptibility to sepsis. Furthermore, the changes in sCD163 serum levels within the first hours after burn trauma have great potential for early prediction of organ failure after burn injury.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Scars and Their Consequences: Burn Scars

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Margriet E. van Baar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
The People ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Burn Depth

AbstractPathological scarring in burn wounds can result in hypertrophic scars and/or contractures. Prevalences of hypertrophic scarring after burn injuries between 8% and 67% are reported. A recent prospective study revealed a prevalence of 8%. Data on prevalence of burn scar contractures are limited; reported prevalence at discharge varied between 38 and 54% and decreased with an increasing time post burn. About 5–20% of the people who suffered from burn injuries received reconstructive surgery after burns, up to 10 years post injury.Factors predicting pathological scar formation after burn injuries include patient, injury and treatment characteristics. Injury- and treatment-related characteristics are the main predictors of scar outcomes after burn injury. These characteristics are related to burn size (total body surface area burned) and burn depth (number or type of surgery) or the overall healing process in general (length of stay, wound healing complications). Intrinsic patient-related risk factors seem to play a role as well but are less consistent predictors of scar outcome. This includes the risk factors like the female gender and also a younger age and darker skin.Knowledge on risk factors for poor scar outcome can be used to tailor treatment, aftercare and scar prevention to these patients with a high-risk profile.

scholarly journals Psychological evaluation of adult burn survivors: a pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 4428
Author(s):  
Silvana Kurian ◽  
Sebastian Padickaparambil ◽  
Joseph Thomas ◽  
N. C. Sreekumar ◽  
Alphy Rose James
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Burn Survivors ◽  
The Impact

Background: Survivors of disfiguring burn injury often become social handicaps. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to understand their perception of body image, their coping skills, their appraisals about social support and self-monitoring behaviour in social situations and explore the factors that can promote better psychological adjustment.Methods: Using a single group cohort design, a sample of 18 individuals with burn injury, were recruited through purposive sampling. Personal data sheet, self-monitoring scale (SMS) and satisfaction with appearance scale (SWAP) were administered when the patients were admitted post-injury. Social support appraisal scale (SSA), coping with burns questionnaire along with SMS and SWAP were administered at one-month post-discharge.Results: The findings indicated that gender and education played a significant role in body image, coping, social support appraisal and self-monitoring behaviours. Further, higher scores on coping strategies were associated with better body satisfaction.Conclusions: The findings indicate the need to look into the variables of coping, body image, social support, self-monitoring behaviours of burns patients and the need to develop interventions for improving their quality of life. A mixed-method study design for better understanding of the psychosocial factors impacting adjustment post-burn injury would be beneficial. Although a larger cohort needs to be studied for understanding the impact of these factors, one may already notice definite indicators that are risk factors that may lead to poorer psycho-social wellbeing of burn victims and potential areas where interventions may be effective.

scholarly journals Oral glutamine dipeptide or oral glutamine free amino acid reduces burned injury progression in rats

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. U. Moriguti ◽  
M. J. Rosique ◽  
L. F. Tirapelli ◽  
D. P. C. Tirapelli ◽  
A. A. Jordão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Form ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Injury Progression

Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Glutamine, as a dipeptide or a free amino acid form, on the progression of burn injuries in rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were burned with a comb metal plate heated in boiling water (98 °C) for three minutes, creating four rectangular full-thickness burn areas separated by three unburned interspaces (zone of stasis) in both dorsum sides. The animals were randomized into three groups (n=10): saline solution (G1-Control) and treated groups that orally received Glutamine as dipeptide (G2-Dip) or free amino acid (G3-FreeAA). Two and seven days after burn injury, lesions were photographed for unburned interspaces necrosis evolution assessment. Seven days after injury, glutathione seric was measured and histopathological analysis was performed. By photographs, there was a significant reduction in necrosis progression in G3-Free-AA between days two and seven. Histopathological analysis at day 7 showed a significantly higher stasis zone without necrosis and a higher number of fibroblasts in G2-Dip and G3-FreeAA compared with G1-Control. Also, glutathione serum dosage was higher in G2-Dip. The plasmatic glutathione levels were higher in the G2-Dip than the G1-Control, and there was a trend to higher levels in G3-FreeAA. The reduction in histological lesions, greater production of fibroblasts, and greater amounts of glutathione may have benefited the evolution of burn necrosis, which showed greater preservation of interspaces.

scholarly journals The epidemiology and outcome of burn injuries in Iran: A ten-year systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Mobayen ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Ghaffari ◽  
Fatemeh Shahriari ◽  
Sepideh Gholamrezaie ◽  
Zahra Haghani Dogahe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Mesh Term ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background: Burns, has always been one of the most catastrophic injuries. More than 3000000 people lose their lives every year due to burn and its results. Burn injury is the seventh major cause of disease burden of injuries in Iran. The evidence clearly shows that burns are preventable. It is necessary to update existing information and a more detailed assessment of burn aspects. Material-Method: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched for published studies from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2020, with the MeSH term ‘Burns’ and keywords such as burn, burn injury, burn injuries, Iran, epidemiology, and epidemio* combined by OR; AND, for published retrospective studies that focus on the epidemiology of burns in Iran. Results: Our systematic search identified seventeen studies containing epidemiological characteristics of burn injuries in Iran with a total number of 61662 patients. Results revealed that: The highest and lowest percentage of the burn was related to the age group of 20-29 and 0-9 years and 50-59 years; men were burned more than women. The urban residents and the person under the diploma have experienced more burns; married and single people were equally burned; burns caused by flame occurred more than the other cause of burn; male and female were burned almost equally by flame; Contact and electrical burns in men were more than women; most burn accidents occurred at home and winter; 14/23 % patient were expired, and men were discharged more than women but the death rate was higher in women.Conclusion: We conclude that burn injuries are common indoors, caused by flames, and in young patients with a low educational state, and the overall mortality of female burn victims is more remarkable than male burn victims. On the other hand, the mean TBSA of burn patients in Iran was 31%, and the mean rate of mortality was 14%, both of which are greater than the statistics reported by WHO. This review shows that further research is required to summarize the situation and the effectiveness of any preventive interventions.

Causes and Consequences of Acid Violence among the Victims Attended in Specialized Aacid Survivor center in Dhaka City

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Afrina Sharmin ◽  
Zaman Ummay Humayra ◽  
Mostafa Amin Khan
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
And Gender ◽  
One Year ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Acid burn injuries represent a special type of burn injury, with a pathophysiology depending on the type of acid, concentration, strength, quality, duration of contact, and penetration power. The consequence of acid attacks on survivors brings dramatic change in their lifestyle. The alarming increase of acid-throwing cases for the last 2 decades in Bangladesh is a cause of concern which led to its study. Objective: To describe the causes and consequences of acid violence among the acid burn victims in a specific center of Bangladesh. Methods: This is a cross sectional type of study conducted over a period of one year from December 2013 to November 2014 at Acid Survivors Foundation, Mirpur, Dhaka. 121 victims of acid violence were included in the study. Data collected by interviewing the patients using semi structured questionnaire which were later edited and analysed. Results: Among the respondents 25.6% (n= 31) were in the age group of 11 – 20 years, followed by 24.8% (n= 30) in the age group of 31 – 40 years. Causes of Threw Acid is 40.4% (49) cases were due to refusal of love or marriage proposal, in 27.3 (33) cases were due to dowry. Majority of cases affected on chest (62.0%), upper limb (58.7%), face (53.7%), neck (47.9%), back trunk (27.3%), lower limb (24.8%), abdomen (24.0%). Out of 121 patients 62.85% (n=44) needed single surgery, 28.57% (n=20) needed multiple setting surgery and 56.2% heal with minor scar, 25.6% had neck contracture, 21.5% had deformity in face. 81.0% are suffering from both anxiety and depression, 11.6% from anxiety alone and 7.4% from depression alone. Conclusion: A comprehensive effective, integrated, and gender specific medico-legal support for acid violence survivors should be ensured throughout the country. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23 (1) : 29-32

scholarly journals Differentiation of paediatric burn injury by household energy source in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Rajen Govender ◽  
David Kimemia ◽  
Nancy Hornsby ◽  
Ashley Van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Poor Households

Burn injuries remain a significant cause of death and disability in the global south, with children amongst the most vulnerable. In South Africa, burns are a critical health and economic burden in densely populated and energy-impoverished communities. This study used secondary data on burn injuries from 19 health facilities to differentiate between risk for scalds and flame burns across three household energy sources (firewood, paraffin and electricity). The sample was 2 933 cases of child burn victims, with key analytical procedures being descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. Results showed that 52% of burn injury admissions reported electricity as the household energy source used at the time of injury. Most burn injuries were scalds (85.3%), with infants and toddlers at greatest risk. The differentiation between wood and paraffin was associated with a threefold increase in scalds relative to flame burns, while that between paraffin and electricity indicated a sevenfold increase in scalds and nineteen times such an increase between wood and electricity. This was an indication of continued challenges for the country in addressing paediatric burns despite, and in the context of, the continued electrification of poor households. The study recommends improved regulation of electrical appliances used by low-income households, and targeted household safety education initiatives.

Burn Injuries in People Who Used Drug, 2009-2017: A Case-Control Study in Shiraz, Southern Iran

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Hoghoughi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Marzban ◽  
Mohammad Amin Shahrbaf ◽  
Reza Shahriarirad ◽  
Hooman Kamran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
History Of ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Burn injury is a critical health issue, which is associated with several morbidities and mortalities. Substance abuse, which is an important public health problem in Iran, can affect burn injury outcomes and etiologies in victims. This study was aimed to evaluate different aspects of burn injuries in people who used drug (PWUD) in two referral centers in the south of Iran. Methods This Case-Control Study was conducted on burn victims referred to Amir-al Momenin Hospital and Ghotb-al-din Hospital from 2009 to 2017. Patients with a history of drug consumption were selected from the database and compared to randomly selected burn victims with no history of drug use. Demographics, burn etiology, underlying disease, total body surface area, hospitalization duration, and also the outcomes were collected and recorded in both groups. Data analysis was done by SPSS software. Results A total of 5,912 inpatients were included in this study, which 2,397 of them (40.54%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 26.12 ± 19.18. Drug history was positive in 659 patients (11.15%). Familial issues and mental disorders were significantly higher in the PWUD group compared to the control group (P&lt;0.001). Explosion etiology was significantly higher in the PWUD group (P&lt;0.001). Psychiatric disorders (P&lt;0.001), total body surface area (P=0.023), and hospital stay (P&lt;0.001) were significantly higher in PWUD; however, the mortality rate had no statistically significant differences between the groups (P=0.583). Conclusion Substance abuse is a risk factor in burn victims, which can affect burn etiology and burn-related morbidities.

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