scholarly journals Epidemiology of burn injuries in Nepal: a systemic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjib Tripathee ◽  
Surendra Jung Basnet
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Burn is a global public health problem associated with significant morbidity and mortality, mostly in low- and middle-income countries. Southeast-Asian countries share a big burden of burn injuries, and Nepal is not an exception. We performed a systemic review to examine the epidemiological characteristics of burn injures in Nepal. Relevant epidemiological studies were identified through systemic search in PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Reference lists from relevant review articles were also searched. Studies were included if they meet our selection criteria. Eight studies were included in our systemic review. Most of the burn victims belong to the working age group between 15–60 years old. Flame burns were found to be the most common cause of burn injury followed by scald burns, whereas scald burns were the most common cause of burn injury among the pediatric population. Most patients sustained less severe burn injuries, with home being the most common place of burn injury. The average hospital stay among the burn victims ranged from 13 to 60 days. Mortality among the burn victims ranged from 4.5 to 23.5%, with highest mortality among the flame burn patients. Developed nations have significantly reduced the burn incidence through effective intervention program. Although, burn injuries are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Nepal, effective intervention programs are lacking due to the limited epidemiological data related to burn injuries. Further large scale research is imperative to investigate the problem and assess the effectiveness of an intervention program.

scholarly journals The epidemiology and outcome of burn injuries in Iran: A ten-year systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Mobayen ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Ghaffari ◽  
Fatemeh Shahriari ◽  
Sepideh Gholamrezaie ◽  
Zahra Haghani Dogahe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Mesh Term ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background: Burns, has always been one of the most catastrophic injuries. More than 3000000 people lose their lives every year due to burn and its results. Burn injury is the seventh major cause of disease burden of injuries in Iran. The evidence clearly shows that burns are preventable. It is necessary to update existing information and a more detailed assessment of burn aspects. Material-Method: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched for published studies from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2020, with the MeSH term ‘Burns’ and keywords such as burn, burn injury, burn injuries, Iran, epidemiology, and epidemio* combined by OR; AND, for published retrospective studies that focus on the epidemiology of burns in Iran. Results: Our systematic search identified seventeen studies containing epidemiological characteristics of burn injuries in Iran with a total number of 61662 patients. Results revealed that: The highest and lowest percentage of the burn was related to the age group of 20-29 and 0-9 years and 50-59 years; men were burned more than women. The urban residents and the person under the diploma have experienced more burns; married and single people were equally burned; burns caused by flame occurred more than the other cause of burn; male and female were burned almost equally by flame; Contact and electrical burns in men were more than women; most burn accidents occurred at home and winter; 14/23 % patient were expired, and men were discharged more than women but the death rate was higher in women.Conclusion: We conclude that burn injuries are common indoors, caused by flames, and in young patients with a low educational state, and the overall mortality of female burn victims is more remarkable than male burn victims. On the other hand, the mean TBSA of burn patients in Iran was 31%, and the mean rate of mortality was 14%, both of which are greater than the statistics reported by WHO. This review shows that further research is required to summarize the situation and the effectiveness of any preventive interventions.

Purulent septic infections in patients with severe burn injuries. Etiology, prevalence, and risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Yu.Yu. Kutlaeva ◽  
◽  
A.A. Golubkova ◽  
V.A. Bagin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Open Flame ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Objective. To assess epidemiological characteristics of purulent septic infections (PSIs) in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a burn center. Patients and methods. In this retrospective epidemiological study, we analyzed medical records of 399 patients with burn injuries and the results of laboratory testing (2,572 samples). The majority of ICU patients were men aged 30–39 years. Almost half of the patients were workers. Burns were primarily caused by an open flame and were mainly received at home. Of note, 45.4% of patients who had burns caused by an open flame also had respiratory tract lesions. More than half of the patients had deep burns. A total of 18.6% of patients (95% CI 14.8–22.7) died. Results. The incidence of PSIs in the ICU of the burn center was 533,8‰ (95% CI 483.5–583.6), which is 2.5 times higher than that in the official statistics (210,1‰ (95% CI 182.5–239.9)). More than half of PSIs (50.2% (95% CI 43.3–57.1)) were burn wound infections. Conclusion. The following factors were found to be associated with an increased risk of PSIs: burn area >40%, burn severity index >30, SOFA score >4, deep burns, surgery, stay in the ICU for >10 days, artificial ventilation for >1 day, and placement of a central venous catheter or an urinary catheter for >1 day. Most frequently, PSIs were caused by non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas аeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Key words: burn injury, purulent septic infections, risk factors, infection control

626 Causes and Injury Patterns of Elderly Burn Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S158-S159
Author(s):  
Sam Miotke ◽  
Kathleen S Romanowski ◽  
Tina L Palmieri ◽  
David G Greenhalgh ◽  
Soman Sen
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Face

Abstract Introduction Older patients are a particularly vulnerable population with respect to burn injuries. The American Burn Association has invested resources in improving burn care and burn prevention within this age group, recognizing the difficulties in both the identification and subsequent modification of risk factors. The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) is maintained by the Consumer Product Safety Commission to surveil for injury trends and is populated with data from a representative group of approximately 100 emergency departments in the United States. This database could serve as a useful tool to evaluate burn injury patterns in elderly patients with an eye toward targeted prevention measures. Methods The NEISS was queried for patients aged 55 years and older with a diagnosis of scald, thermal, chemical, electrical, or unspecified burn injuries for the years 2008 - 2017. Each injury was classified by body part(s) burned, causative product, gender, and age group of patient (55–64, 65–74, 75–84, 85 and older). The ten most commonly burned sites as well as the ten most common causative products were determined for each gender and age group and in aggregate. Weighted estimates from the NEISS data were utilized to calculate injury numbers across the population. Results The most common etiology of burn injuries for all patients aged 55 and older was hot water. Men were most commonly injured by gasoline, a product which did not rank in the top ten for women in any age group. Additionally, within each age group, gasoline was among the top 4 products that was associated with burn injuries in men. Cookware was the second most common cause of burn injury among women aged 55 and older and was the sixth most common cause among men. For women, the combination of cookware and ranges/ovens was among the top 2 products associated with burn injury within each age group. The most commonly injured body part for all patients was the face. This held across most age and gender groupings except for women aged 75 to 84 (upper trunk), and women 85 and older (foot). Men were more likely to injure their hands than women. Conclusions The most common cause of burn injuries in older adults is hot water, and the most common body part affected is the face. Women are more likely to be injured by cookware and ranges/ovens. Men are more likely to be injured secondary to gasoline and are more likely to injure their hands. Applicability of Research to Practice NEISS data could be useful in the development of targeted prevention campaigns, such as focused education about the dangers of hot liquids, cooking, and accelerants.

scholarly journals Burn Patients at Western Regional Hospital of Nepal: An Epidemiological Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Amar Gurung ◽  
Dilip Baral ◽  
Narendra Vikram Gurung ◽  
Arjun Acharya ◽  
Suresh Raj Poudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Prolonged Hospital ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Background: Burn injury is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in our country. Study of epidemiological characteristics of burn injury helps in planning of the prevention and upgradation of its treatment facility. Material and Methods: This is a hospital based retrospective epidemiological study of the burn patients admitted in our center from September 2018 to April 2019. Results: In total 52 patients were included in this study. There was a slight preponderance of female patients over male patients. Mean age of the patients was 34.77± 29.16 years. Eighty percentage of burn injury occurred inside house. Majority of burn cases were scald burn followed by flame burn. Percentage total body surface area involved in burn had a mean of 14.183 ± 8.224. Lower extremity was the most commonly involved area. Total duration of hospital stay was 18.21 ± 13.656 days. Out of total patients only four patients needed admission in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Regarding outcome, 88.5% patients survived while 9.6% patients died and 1.9% patient went on discharge on request. Conclusion: Burn injury is a preventable condition with high rate of morbidity and mortality. Burn patients have prolonged hospital stay as recovery is slow. Awareness programs for prevention of burn injury are needed to decrease the incidence of the burn injury.

Instant cup of soup: can kids safely prepare and carry?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney E Allen ◽  
Wendalyn K Little
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Caregiver Education

Abstract Scalds are a common cause of burn injury in children. Instant soup and noodle products have been identified as a common cause of pediatric burn injuries, with both the preparation process and product packaging implicated as predisposing factors. A cohort of children was observed simulating the preparation of a cup of noodle soup to identify steps in the process in which injury was mostly likely to occur. 19% of participants spilled the simulated soup onto themselves, representing potential burn injuries had the liquid been hot. The upper extremity was the most commonly affected body area and spillage occurred most commonly while the participant was transporting the cup of simulated soup. Targeted caregiver education about the potential dangers to children from instant soup and noodle products and investigation into safer packaging are needed to decrease the risk of these injuries in children.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Burn Injuries in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2009 to 2010

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pujisriyani Pujisriyani ◽  
Aditya Wardhana
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Burns are one of the most devastating conditions encountered in medical world. It affects people of all ages, from the very young to the elderly, and represents an assault on all aspects of the patient, from the physical to the psychological.Method: The collection and analysis of burn patients admitted to Cipto Mangunkusumo Burn Centre between January 2009 and December 2010 were studied retrospectively in terms of admissions, age, sex, extent of burn, causes of burns, referral, length of hospital stay (LOS) and mortality. Result: A total of 303 burn patients were admitted with the male to female ratio is 2.26 : 1 and the mean age of admission is 25.7 years (15-54 yr). Most of the patient presented with 20-50% extent of burn (mean 45.87%). The most common cause of burn injury is LPG at 30.4 % followed by flame at 25.7% and by scald at 19.1%. The overall mean LOS and mortality are 13.72 days and 34%. Conclusion : LPG is the major cause of burn and the mortality are 42.4%. Because of level of the mortality, the prevention and management of LPG and the safety of the product of LPG should be given in terms of government regulations.

Pathophysiology of acute lung injury in combined burn and smoke inhalation injury

2004 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perenlei ENKHBAATAR ◽  
Daniel L. TRABER
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Inhalation Injury ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Smoke Inhalation Injury

In the U.S.A., more than 1 million burn injuries occur every year. Although the survival from burn injury has increased in recent years with the development of effective fluid resuscitation management and early surgical excision of burned tissue, the mortality of burn injury is still high. In these fire victims, progressive pulmonary failure and cardiovascular dysfunction are important determinants of morbidity and mortality. The morbidity and mortality increases when burn injury is associated with smoke inhalation. In the present review, we will describe the pathophysiological aspects of acute lung injury induced by combined burn and smoke inhalation and examine various therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Severity of thermal burn injury is associated with systemic neutrophil activation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laggner ◽  
Marie-Therse Lingitz ◽  
Dragan Copic ◽  
Martin Direder ◽  
Katharina Klas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Neutrophil Activation ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Injury Progression

Objectives Burn injuries elicit a unique and dynamic stress response which can lead to burn injury progression. Though neutrophils represent crucial players in the burn-induced immunological events, the dynamic secretion pattern and systemic levels of neutrophil-derived factors have not been investigated in detail so far. Methods Serum levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), and complement factor C3a were quantified in burn victims over 4 weeks post injury. Furthermore, the potential association with mortality, degree of burn injury, and inhalation trauma was evaluated. In addition, leukocyte, platelet, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were assessed. Lastly, we analyzed the association of neutrophil-derived factors with clinical severity scoring systems. Results Serum levels of NE, MPO, CitH3, and C3a were remarkably elevated in burn victims compared to healthy controls. Leukocyte and neutrophil counts were significantly increased on admission day and day 1, while relative lymphocytes were decreased in the first 7 days post burn trauma. Though neutrophil-derived factors did not predict mortality, patients suffering from 3rd degree burn injuries displayed increased CitH3 and NE levels. Accordingly, CitH3 and NE were elevated in cases with higher abbreviated burn severity indices (ABSI). Conclusions Taken together, our data suggest a role for neutrophil activation and NETosis in burn injuries and burn injury progression. Targeting exacerbated neutrophil activation might represent a new therapeutic option for severe cases of burn injury.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Burns Injury in dr. Iskak General Hospital Tulungagung: Two Years (2017-2018) Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Fiera Avrillia Ferdianty ◽  
Santi Devina
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Flame Burn

Introduction: Burn injury is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in low and middle-income countries. Yet in Indonesia, the epidemiology of burn is rarely reported. The study aims to obtain the epidemiological characteristics of burn patients in Dr. Iskak General Hospital. Methods: A retrospective analysis study was used and the medical records of patients with burns admitted at Dr. Iskak General Hospital between January 2017 and December 2018 were collected and analyzed statistically. Results: A total of 80 patients were involved in this study. The most burn victims fell in the adult group (>18 years old), which was 56.3% (n=45). Children were six times more likely to sustain scald burn than adults (OR=6.75I; CI95% 2.47-18.41), meanwhile adults were three times more likely to sustain flame burn than children (OR=3.643; CI95% 1.186-11.190). Most of burn patients (91.25%) were treated surgically. The median of hospital stay was 8 days. Flame burn was the primary etiology for longer hospitalization and there was zero mortality in this study. Conclusion: We found that the adult group was at the highest risk of acquiring burns. Scald was the major cause of burns in children, while flame was the main etiology in the adult group that caused severe burn and prolonged hospitalization.

Causes and Consequences of Acid Violence among the Victims Attended in Specialized Aacid Survivor center in Dhaka City

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Afrina Sharmin ◽  
Zaman Ummay Humayra ◽  
Mostafa Amin Khan
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
And Gender ◽  
One Year ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Acid burn injuries represent a special type of burn injury, with a pathophysiology depending on the type of acid, concentration, strength, quality, duration of contact, and penetration power. The consequence of acid attacks on survivors brings dramatic change in their lifestyle. The alarming increase of acid-throwing cases for the last 2 decades in Bangladesh is a cause of concern which led to its study. Objective: To describe the causes and consequences of acid violence among the acid burn victims in a specific center of Bangladesh. Methods: This is a cross sectional type of study conducted over a period of one year from December 2013 to November 2014 at Acid Survivors Foundation, Mirpur, Dhaka. 121 victims of acid violence were included in the study. Data collected by interviewing the patients using semi structured questionnaire which were later edited and analysed. Results: Among the respondents 25.6% (n= 31) were in the age group of 11 – 20 years, followed by 24.8% (n= 30) in the age group of 31 – 40 years. Causes of Threw Acid is 40.4% (49) cases were due to refusal of love or marriage proposal, in 27.3 (33) cases were due to dowry. Majority of cases affected on chest (62.0%), upper limb (58.7%), face (53.7%), neck (47.9%), back trunk (27.3%), lower limb (24.8%), abdomen (24.0%). Out of 121 patients 62.85% (n=44) needed single surgery, 28.57% (n=20) needed multiple setting surgery and 56.2% heal with minor scar, 25.6% had neck contracture, 21.5% had deformity in face. 81.0% are suffering from both anxiety and depression, 11.6% from anxiety alone and 7.4% from depression alone. Conclusion: A comprehensive effective, integrated, and gender specific medico-legal support for acid violence survivors should be ensured throughout the country. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23 (1) : 29-32

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document