Background:
In recent years, great progress has been made in reducing the high level of malaria suffering worldwide. There is a
great need to evaluate drug resistance reversers and consider new medicines against malaria. There are many approaches to the development of
antimalarial drugs. Specific concerns must be taken in to account in these approaches, in particular there requirement for very in expensive and
simple use of new therapies and the need to limit drug discovery expenses. Important ongoing efforts are the optimisation of treatment with
available medications, including the use of combination therapy. The production of analogs of known agents and the identification of natural
products, the use of compounds originally developed against other diseases, the assessment of overcoming drug resistance and the consideration
of new therapeutic targets. Liver and spleen are the important organs which are directly associated with malarial complications.
Aim:
An analysis the Activity of Adenosine Triphosphatase, Aryl Hyrocarbon Hydroxylase Enzymes and Malondialdehyde in spleen Explant Culture.
Objective:
To determine in-Vitro Effect of Chlorquine and Picroliv on Plasmodium Berghei Induced Alterations in the Activity of Adenosine
Triphosphatase, Aryl Hyrocarbon Hydroxylase Enzymes and Malondialdehyde in spleen Explant Culture.
Material and method: 1-Histological preparation of spleen explants for paraplast embedding
2-Biochemicalstudies (Enzymes (Atpase, ALP&GST) and the level of protein, Malondialdehyde (MDA).
Result:
Splenomegalyis one of the three main diagnostic parameters of malaria infection besides fever and anaemia. Many enzymes present
in the liver and spleen may also be altered or liberated under different pathological conditions. Enzymes (ATPase, ALP&GST) and the level
of protein, Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was found to increase in the liver and spleen explants during malarial infection. In the liver
and spleen derived from parasitized CQ treated animals, the activity of all the above enzymes (ATPase, ALP&GST) and the level of protein
& MDA of liver/spleen reversed towards the normal for all the 4or3 days of incubations. Picroliv efficacy decreased with the increment of
parasitaemia and at 60%parasitaemia.
Conclusion:
Alkalinephosphatase (ALP) was found to increase with increasing parasitaemia. After the addition of Picroliv to the medium, a
decrement in the activity was observed up to day 4 of culture.A similar positive effect of Picroliv was observed on the ATPase and ALP activity of spleen explants.DNA and protein contents also increased in the parasitized liver cultured in the presence of picroliv.On the contrary,
in the spleen explants DNA, protein and MDA content were found to decrease after Picroliv supplementation to the culture medium.
Acquisition of cross-azole tolerance and aneuploidy in Candida albicans strains evolved to posaconazole
