scholarly journals Identification and characterization of cherry (Cerasus pseudocerasus G. Don) genes in response to parthenocarpy induced by GA3 through transcriptome analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binbin Wen ◽  
Wenliang Song ◽  
Mingyue Sun ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Qin Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Hard Core ◽  
Parthenocarpic Fruit ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Gibberellin Treatment

AbstractFruit set after successful pollination is a key process in the production of sweet cherries, but low fruit rate is the main problem for crop production in sweet cherries. Gibberellin treatment can directly induce parthenogenesis without pollination; therefore, gibberellin treatment is a very important method to improve the fruit setting rate of sweet cherries. Exogenous gibberellin can satisfy the hormone requirement during fruit growth and development. Some related studies have mainly focused on physiological aspects, such as breeding, branching, fertilization, etc., and the molecular mechanism is not clear. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome of ‘Meizao’ sweet cherry fruit treated with gibberellin during the anthesis and hard-core period to determine the genes associated with parthenocarpic fruit set. A total of 765 and 186 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found at anthesis and the hard-core stage after gibberellin 3 (GA3) treatment, respectively. The differentially expressed genes between the control and GA3 treatment showed that the GA3 response mainly included parthenocarpic fruit set and cell division. Exogenous gibberellin stimulated sweet cherry parthenocarpy and enlargement, which were verified by qRT-PCR results of related genes and the parthenocarpic fruit set and fruit size. Based on our research and previous studies on Arabidopsis thaliana, we identified the key genes associated with parthenocarpic fruit set and cell division. Briefly, we found patterns in the sweet cherry fruit setting-related DEGs, especially those associated with hormone balance, cytoskeleton formation and cell wall modification. Overall, the result provides a possible molecular mechanism regulating parthenocarpic fruit set, which is important for basic research and industrial development of sweet cherries.Highlightcherry genes in response to parthenocarpy and promote to fruit setting induced by GA3.

scholarly journals Variable fruit set in self-fertile sweet cherry

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheol Choi, and Robert L. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Frost Injury ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
S Allele ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Fruit set on seven self-fertile (SF) sweet cherry genotypes from the Cornell Sweet Cherry Breeding Program was investigated. The S-alleles of all tested genotypes, based on controlled pollination and PCR-based S-allele typing analysis were determined to be: S1S4’ for Lapins, and S3S4’ for Stella, Starkrimson, NY 13688, NY 13696, NY 13788 and NY 13791. Higher fruit set of open-pollinated self-fertile genotypes indicated that the additional pollen donor was probably advantageous for fruit set in self-fertiles in the preliminary field study. However, no statistically significant differences were found between fully and self- (half compatible) pollination in caged trees in subsequent years’ studies. This inconsistency may have been due to shading by cages (for self-pollination only) or to differences in bee activity in caged trees as compared with open-pollinations made during preliminary studies. Additionally, the variation in fruit setting potential was dependent on genotype. Spring frost injury reduced fruit setting potential in self-fertile sweet cherries but pollen quality was not associated with variable fruit set. The results suggest that self-pollination would produce optimal fruit set in self-fertile sweet cherry cultivars regardless of partial pollen incompatibility. However, a more detailed study including fruit setting factors other than spring frost injury, and varying setting capacity depending on genotypes, would be required for a more complete determination of the commercial utility of growing self-fertile sweet cherries in solid blocks. Key words: Prunus avium L, sweet cherry, pollination, fruit set

scholarly journals Examination of the Suitability of Different Pollinators for Four Sweet Cherry Cultivars Commonly Grown in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Głowacka ◽  
Elżbieta Rozpára
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Good Yield ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Satisfactory Yield ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

AbstractThe aim of the work was to select pollinators for sweet cherry cultivars: ‘Vanda’, ‘Techlovan’, ‘Syl–via’ and ‘Regina’, which are of great economic significance in Poland. As pollinators, three or four different cultivars with the same or similar flowering time as the pollinated cultivars were evaluated annually. The pollinators belonged to different incompatibility groups. Pollination was carried out over four consecutive seasons. Assuming that for a good yield more than 20% of the flowers should develop fruits, a good polli–nator for the cv. ‘Vanda’ was ‘Techlovan’, and for the cv. ‘Regina’ - ‘Sylvia’. The cv. ‘Techlovan’ was pollinated to best effect by ‘Vega’, and the cv. ‘Sylvia’ by ‘Regina’, but the setting of fruits in the last two combinations was moderately good. Low to moderately good fruit setting but depending on the year was observed in the combinations ‘Sylvia’ x ‘Summit’, ‘Regina’ x ‘Summit’, and ‘Regina’ x ‘Rainier’. Cultivar ‘Summit’ for ‘Sylvia’, and ‘Summit’ and ‘Rainier’ for the cv. ‘Regina’ should not be used as pollinators because the low percentage of fruit set obtained annually does not guarantee a satisfactory yield.

scholarly journals Self-incompatibility and Self-fruitfulness in Pear cv. Agua de Aranjuez

2007 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Sanzol ◽  
Maria Herrero
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Parthenocarpic Fruit ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Performance Results

Most pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars are impaired to set fruit under self-pollination, because self-fertilization is prevented by a gametophytic self-incompatibility system. However, accumulated information in this species shows that often for a same cultivar, after self-pollination, a variable response in fruit set can be obtained in different years or growing conditions. In this work, we characterize self-incompatibility and self-fruitfulness in ‘Agua de Aranjuez’, the main Spanish pear cultivar, which also shows a variable response to self-pollination. Two years with a different fruit setting response after self-pollination, one with no fruit set and the other with a moderate fruit set, were compared for parthenocarpic fruit development and for pollen tube performance. Results show that in both years, this cultivar behaves as self-incompatible with absence of parthenocarpy. In selfed flowers, most pollen tubes are arrested in the upper half of the style, although in a small proportion of the styles, a pollen tube can reach the base of the style and eventually effect fertilization. Self-fertilization, although occurring at a low level, can explain the fruit set levels obtained under self-pollination given that flowers with just one fertilized ovule are able to set fruit. This behavior could explain confusing results about self-fruitfulness in ‘Agua de Aranjuez’ and other pear cultivars.

Flowering and Fruiting of `Burlat' Sweet Cherry on Size-controlling Rootstock

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Kappel ◽  
Jean Lichou
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
One Year ◽  
Size Controlling

The effect of rootstock on the flowering and fruiting response of sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) was investigated using 4-year-old branch units. The cherry rootstock Edabriz (Prunus cerasus L.) affected the flowering and fruiting response of `Burlat' sweet cherry compared to Maxma 14 and F12/1. Branches of trees on Edabriz had more flowers, more flowers per spur, more spurs, more fruit, higher yields, smaller fruit, and a reduced fruit set compared to the standard rootstock, F12/1. One-year-old branch sections had more flowers and fruit, higher fruit weight, and heavier fruit size compared to older branch portions.

scholarly journals EARLY PERFORMANCE OF FOUR SWEET CHERRY CULTIVARS GRAFTED ON GISELA 5 AND COLT ROOTSTOCKS IN A HIGH DENSITY GROWING SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Biserka Milić ◽  
Jelena Kalajdžić ◽  
Zoran Keserović ◽  
Nenad Magazin ◽  
Vladislav Ognjanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Early Performance ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Gisela 5

Growing the sweet cherry on different vigor rootstocks, such as Colt and Gisela 5, in a high-density orchard, causes differences in growth and productivity and later imposes the need to change the growing system including pruning, flower and fruit thinning, irrigation and fertilization. In the present research, four sweet cherry cultivars (Summit, Kordia, Lapins and Regina) grafted on Colt and Gisela 5 rootstocks were assessed for morphological traits and productivity. The parameters investigated were: vegetative growth, bearing potential, fruit set, precocity, productivity, fruit growth habit and quality attributes. Compared to Colt, the trees on Gisela 5 had smaller TCSA and the length of two-year-old branches, in the fifth season after planting. Trees on Gisela 5 had a higher number of flower buds per may bouquet compared to Colt, which confirms that bearing potential is highly affected by the rootstock. Growing the sweet cherries on Gisela 5 induced a higher fruit setting in all cultivars except in Kordia. Fruit physical attributes were affected by the cultivar, growing system and experimental year. For all tested cultivars, the yield per tree was significantly lower on Colt compared to Gisela 5. Gisela 5 performed better than Colt, which suggests that Gisela 5 should be used as a rootstock in high density sweet cherry production systems.

scholarly journals Forchlorfenuron Application Induced Parthenocarpic Fruit Formation without Affecting Fruit Quality of Cucumber

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Li Su ◽  
Miaoqing Wang ◽  
Yuean Wang ◽  
Rahat Sharif ◽  
Nannan Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Parthenocarpic Fruit ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Major Nutrients ◽  
Fruit Formation ◽  
Female Flowers

The plant growth regulator forchlorfenuron is often applied to promote fruit setting and development in cucumber production. However, the effect of forchlorfenuron on the appearance and nutritional quality of cucumber is unknown. In the present study, forchlorfenuron was applied to female flowers 1 day before anthesis and at the day of anthesis. The application of forchlorfenuron successfully induced parthenocarpic fruit formation in cucumber. In addition, cytokinin-responsive genes were upregulated under forchlorfenuron treatment. Fruit treated with forchlorfenuron did not differ from pollinated fruit in shape, texture and major nutrients, such as protein, total flavonoids and vitamin C, with the exception of the lower phenolic acid content. Overall, our finding suggests that forchlorfenuron could be vital in promoting the parthenocarpic fruit set without altering the quality of cucumber.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Studies Reveal Mechanisms of Effects of CPPU-Mediated Fruit-Setting on Attenuating Volatile Attributes of Melon Fruit

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1007
Author(s):  
Jufen Li ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Dandan Ren ◽  
Tan Wang ◽  
Ying Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase ◽  
Parthenocarpic Fruit ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Alcohol Acyltransferase ◽  
Cucumis Melo L ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Melon Fruit

N1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N3-phenylurea (CPPU), a synthetic cytokinin-active compound, is widely applied to induce parthenocarpic fruit set and enhance melon fruit enlargement (Cucumis melo L.). CPPU may also influence fruit quality; however, the mechanisms through which this occurs remain unknown. We investigated the differences in volatile emissions between parthenocarpic fruit set by CPPU (C) and seeded fruit set by artificial pollination (P). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed that six volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the P-group fruits were not detected in C-group fruits. The relative abundances of another 14 VOCs emitted by the CPPU-treated fruits were less than those in the P-group fruits. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that a total of 1027, 994, and 743 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the C20 (treatment with 20 mg·L–1 CPPU) vs. P, P-C20 (pollination followed by 20 mg·L−1 CPPU treatment) vs. P, and P-C20 vs. C20 treatments, respectively. Compared with the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases, the DEGs related to fatty acid degradation and metabolism, which contribute to volatile production, were enriched. In particular, DEGs such as carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD)-, lipoxygenase (LOX)-, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-, and alcohol acyltransferase (ATT)-related genes were closely related to the formation of volatiles. In summary, our study provides a metabolic and transcriptomic atlas, reveals the impact of CPPU on VOCs, and enhances our understanding of the mechanisms of CPPU that contribute towards generally reducing the quality of melon fruit.

scholarly journals The Application of Machine Learning for Cultivar Discrimination of Sweet Cherry Endocarp

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Ewa Ropelewska
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Geometric Features ◽  
Color Spaces ◽  
Discriminative Models ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
Rgb Color Space ◽  
Cultivar Discrimination ◽  
Color Channels

The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the texture and geometric parameters of endocarp (pit) for distinguishing different cultivars of sweet cherries using image analysis. The textures from images converted to color channels and the geometric parameters of the endocarp (pits) of sweet cherry ‘Kordia’, ‘Lapins’, and ‘Büttner’s Red’ were calculated. For the set combining the selected textures from all color channels, the accuracy reached 100% when comparing ‘Kordia’ vs. ‘Lapins’ and ‘Kordia’ vs. ‘Büttner’s Red’ for all classifiers. The pits of ‘Kordia’ and ‘Lapins’, as well as ‘Kordia’ and ‘Büttner’s Red’ were also 100% correctly discriminated for discriminative models built separately for RGB, Lab and XYZ color spaces, G, L and Y color channels and for models combining selected textural and geometric features. For discrimination ‘Lapins’ and ‘Büttner’s Red’ pits, slightly lower accuracies were determined—up to 93% for models built based on textures selected from all color channels, 91% for the RGB color space, 92% for the Lab and XYZ color spaces, 84% for the G and L color channels, 83% for the Y channel, 94% for geometric features, and 96% for combined textural and geometric features.

scholarly journals Identification and Sequence Analysis of a Novel Ilarvirus Infecting Sweet Cherry

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Chrysoula G. Orfanidou ◽  
Fei Xing ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Shifang Li ◽  
Nikolaos I. Katis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Sanger Sequencing ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Peach Tree ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
Blastn Analysis ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
Prunus Spp

In the present study, we utilized high throughput and Sanger sequencing to determine the complete nucleotide sequence of a putative new ilarvirus species infecting sweet cherry, tentatively named prunus virus I (PrVI). The genome of PrVI is comprised of three RNA segments of 3474 nt (RNA1), 2911 nt (RNA2), and 2231 nt (RNA3) and features conserved motifs representative of the genus Ilarvirus. BlastN analysis revealed 68.1–71.9% nt identity of PrVI with strawberry necrotic shock virus (SNSV). In subsequent phylogenetic analysis, PrVI was grouped together with SNSV and blackberry chlorotic ringspot virus (BCRV), both members of subgroup 1 of ilarviruses. In addition, mini-scale surveys in stone fruit orchards revealed the presence of PrVI in a limited number of sweet cherries and in one peach tree. Overall, our data suggest that PrVI is a novel species of the genus Ilarvirus and it consists the fifth member of the genus that is currently known to infect Prunus spp.

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