scholarly journals Determinants of Severe Acute Malnutrition among Children age 6-59 Months Old in Two Public Hospitals, North West Ethiopia: a Case Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adonia Damtew Nebro ◽  
Degnet Teferi Asres ◽  
Reddy PCJ Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

AbstractIntroductionGlobally sever acute malnutrition affects 16.4 million under five children and more than one quarter of those children live in Africa. In Ethiopia, about 3% of children are severely wasted and continues to be persistent over the past 15 years. To implement an effective intervention, it is essential to identify predictors predispose to it. This study therefore, aimed to identify determinants of severe acute malnutrition among under five children in selected public health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsInstitution based; age matched case control study was conducted on 104 cases and 208 controls. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done using conditional logistic regression to identify predictors. Variables having P-value ≤ 0.2 during binary analysis were entered into multivariate analysis. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsChildren from households of large family size(AOR=2.7, 95% CI: 1.06 – 6.9), having monthly income less than 1500 birr (AOR = 5.17, 95% CI: 1.7-15.3), which are food insecure (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI:1.17-7.28)), which didn’t receive any nutrition information (AOR= 3.47,95% CI: 1.14 - 7.10), didn’t practice exclusive breastfeeding (AOR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.18 - 6.10), and practice infrequent hand washing (AOR= 7.6 95% CI:2.44-23.6) as well as children who had history of diarrhea two weeks prior to the survey (AOR 3.2, 95%CI:1.4-7.2) were more likely to suffer from severe acute malnutrition.ConclusionFamily size, monthly income, food security status, exclusive breastfeeding practice, access to information on child feeding, hand washing practice and history of diarrhea were identified to be predictors of severe acute malnutrition. Due emphasis should be given to promoting family planning, improve household livelihoods and food security, strength awareness creation on exclusive breastfeeding and frequent hand washing practices as well as prevention of diarrhea.

scholarly journals Determinants of severe acute malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Nepal: a community-based case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e017084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilesh Kumar Pravana ◽  
Suneel Piryani ◽  
Surendra Prasad Chaurasiya ◽  
Rasmila Kawan ◽  
Ram Krishna Thapa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Mother’S Age ◽  
Age At Birth ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundMalnutrition is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under the age of 5 years in low and middle income countries like Nepal. Children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) are nine times more likely to die than children without malnutrition. The prevalence of SAM has increased in Nepal over the past 15 years; however, the determinants of SAM have not been clearly assessed in the country.ObjectiveTo assess the determinants of SAM among children aged 6–59 months in the Bara district of Nepal.SettingA community-based case–control study was conducted in 12 randomly selected Village Development Committees (VDCs) of the Bara district of Nepal.ParticipantsA random sample of 292 children aged 6–59 months (146 as cases and 146 as controls) from 12 VDCs were included in this study.ResultsThe prevalence of SAM among children under the age of 5 years was 4.14%. The following factors were significantly associated with SAM: low socioeconomic status (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 17.13, 95% CI 5.85 to 50.13); mother’s age at birth <20 or >35 years (AOR 3.21, 95% CI 1.30 to 7.94); birth interval <24 months (AOR 4.09, 95% CI 1.87 to 8.97); illiterate father (AOR 3.65, 95% CI 1.62 to 8.20); bottle feeding (AOR 2.19, 95% CI 1.73 to 12.03); and not initiating complementary feeding at the age of 6 months (AOR 2.91, 95% CI 1.73 to 12.03). Mother’s educational level, initiation of breastfeeding, colostrum feeding, and exclusive breastfeeding were not significantly associated with SAM.ConclusionThe mother's age at birth, birth interval, socioeconomic status, father’s educational level and initiation of complementary feeding at the age of 6 months were important determinants of SAM among children. A multi-sector approach is essential to address SAM. There is a need for further studies not only focusing on SAM but also moderate acute malnutrition.

scholarly journals EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING ABLE TO REDUCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDHOOD ASTHMA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Sarma Nursani Lumbanraja
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

  Objective: To determine the association between maternal characteristics, maternal obstetrics history, fetal chacteristics and development of childhood asthma in offspring.Methods: This was a case control study that enrolled children visiting the pediatric polyclinic of Rumah Sakit TNI-AD Padangsidimpuan, Indonesia starting from June to December 2015. Childhood asthma was diagnosed by spirometry. Breastfeeding history were taken by history taking. Data were analyzed by SPSS with p<0.05 as significant value.Results: A total of 130 children were included in this study. The children analyzed in both groups had similar age (p=0.232), 20.5±12.2 months and 25.4±13.9 months. No differences were found in maternal characteristics, maternal obstetrics history, and fetal characteristics between both groups, except the history of breastfeeding (p=0.002).Conclusion: Of all maternal characteristics, maternal obstetrics history, and fetal characteristics, only exclusive breastfeeding was associated for development of childhood asthma in offspring.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Acute Malnutrition among Children Admitted to a Diarrhoea Treatment Facility in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor Fuchs ◽  
Tania Sultana ◽  
Tahmeed Ahmed ◽  
M. Iqbal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

To assess the risk factors for acute malnutrition (weight-for-heightz-score (WHZ) < −2), a case-control study was conducted during June–September 2012 in 449 children aged 6–59 months (178 with WHZ < −2 and 271 comparing children with WHZ ≥ −2 and no edema) admitted to the Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b in Bangladesh. The overall mean ± SD age was 12.0 ± 7.6 months, 38.5% (no difference between case and controls). The mean ± SD WHZ of cases and controls was −3.24 ± 1.01 versus −0.74 ± 0.95 (P<0.001), respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that children with acute malnutrition were more likely than controls to be older (age > 1 year) (adjusted OR (AOR): 3.1,P=0.004); have an undernourished mother (body mass index < 18.5), (AOR: 2.8,P=0.017); have a father with no or a low-paying job (AOR: 5.8,P<0.001); come from a family having a monthly income of <10,000 taka, (1 US$ = 80 taka) (AOR: 2.9,P=0.008); and often have stopped predominant breastfeeding before 4 months of age (AOR: 2.7,P=0.013). Improved understanding of these characteristics enables the design and targeting of preventive-intervention programs of childhood acute malnutrition.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Pneumonia pada Balita di Kelurahan Air Tawar Barat Padang

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Efni ◽  
Rizanda Machmud ◽  
Dian Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Under Five ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

AbstrakAda beberapa faktor risiko yang meningkatkan angka kejadian pneumonia di negara berkembang yaitu: kurangnya pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif, gizi buruk, polusi udara dalam ruangan, Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) dan kurangnya imunisasi campak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kelurahan Air Tawar Barat, Kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control study, sampel terdiri dari 27 case dan 27 control. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara terpimpin serta melihat data rekam medik dan dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian  mendapatkan balita pada kelompok kasus yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif (81,5%), paparan asap rokok (74,1%), riwayat bayi berat lahir rendah (3,7%), tidak mendapatkan imunisasi campak (40,7%) dan gizi kurang (25,9%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan kejadian pneumonia (p=0,022; OR=9,1; 95%CI=1,034-80,089), sedangkan pemberian ASI eksklusif, paparan asap rokok, riwayat bayi berat lahir rendah dan imunisasi campak tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna terhadap pneumonia.Kata kunci: balita, faktor risiko, pneumonia AbstractPneumonia in developing countries are associated to the risk factors such as: lack of exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition, indoor air pollution, low birth weight and lack of measles vaccinations. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated on the occurrence of pneumonia among the children under five years of age in Air Tawar Barat district, Padang City. This study used case control study  to the 27 cases and 27 control. The data were collected by guided interview and the medical records, than was analyzed by chi-square.test. The results of this study obtanined in the group of cases based on the low exclusive breastfeeding rates (81.5%), exposure to cigarette smoke (74.1%), a history of low birth weight (3.7%), did not get measles vaccinations (40.7%) and malnutrition (25.9%). The result of bivariate analysis shows the significant relationship between nutritional status on the occurrence of pneumonia (p=0.022; OR=9.1; 95% CI=1.034-80.089). The exclusive breastfeeding, exposure to cigarette smoke, a history of low birth weight and measles vaccinations are not significantly related to the occurrence of pneumonia. Keywords: children under five years of age, risk factors, pneumonia

scholarly journals Assessment of some micronutrients serum levels in children with severe acute malnutrition with and without cerebral palsy- A follow up case control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gihan Mohamed Bebars ◽  
Mohamed Farouk Afifi ◽  
Doaa Mohamed Mahrous ◽  
Nagwa Esmail Okaily ◽  
Samir Mohamed Mounir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Factors Related to Case Of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Neneng Bisyaroh
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Reinforcing Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

As of March 24, 2021, in Indonesia there were 1,482,559 confirmed cases. East Java province occupies the third highest cases after DKI Jakarta and West Java Province. Gresik Regency still has many additional confirmed cases. Based on strategic guidelines, prevention efforts are needed, namely the 5M movement, knowledge and attitudes related to prevention efforts that are very important so as not to cause an increase in the number of cases. The purpose of this research was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of Covid-19. This type of research is quantitative research with a case control study design. The results of the study were that 69 respondents (74.2%) had a history of negative status and 24 people (25.8%) had a positive status. Factor related to the history of Covid-19 incidence is enabling factors (affordability of health facilities) with p value = 0.003. Analysis of the close relation between the two variables obtained Odd Ratio = 0.180 (95% CI: 0.060-0.538), and there was no relationship between predisposing factors and reinforcing factors with the incidence of Covid-19 history. ABSTRAK   Terhitung sampai tanggal 24 Maret 2021, di Indonesia tercatat 1,482,559 terkonfirmasi. Provinsi jawa timur menduduki kasus tertinggi ketiga setelah DKI Jakarta dan Provinsi Jawa Barat. Kabupaten Gresik masih banyak penambahan confrim kasus. Berdasarkan panduan strategis diperlukan upaya pencegahan, yaitu gerakan 5M, serta pengetahuan dan sikap terkait upaya pencegahan adalah hal yang sangat penting agar tidak menimbulkan peningkatan jumlah kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor–faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian riwayat Covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi case control. Hasil penelitian adalah responden memiliki riwayat status negatif sebanyak 69 orang (74.2%) dan yang memiliki status positif sebanyak 24 orang (25.8%). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan riwayat kejadian Covid-19 adalah faktor pemungkin (keterjangkauan fasilitas kesehatan) dengan nilai p = 0,003. Analisis keeratan hubungan dua variabel diperoleh Odd Ratio = 0,180 (95% CI : 0,060-0,538), serta tidak ada hubungan antara faktor predisposisi dan faktor penguat dengan kejadian riwayat Covid-19.

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