scholarly journals PTY 2 As DPP-IV Inhibitor Prevents Intestinal Cell’s Apoptosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivani Srivastava ◽  
Harsh Pandey ◽  
Surya K Singh ◽  
Yamini Bhusan Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Protective Action ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Dpp Iv ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

ABSTRACTEnhanced DPP-IV expression is found to get enhanced in various intestinal diseases. PTY-2 has already been known to have DPP-IV inhibitory potential. This inhibition has not yet been studied at mRNA level. Increased incretin secretion due to DPP-IV inhibition could lead to suppression of stress & intestinal cells apoptosis. Through histological analysis, we have found morphological damage of intestine after STZ injection (65 mg/kg bw) to male Charles foster rats. mRNA expressions were analyzed by PCR and apoptosis of cells was checked through tunnel assay & Bcl 2 expression. The number and length of villi get reduced in STZ induced diabetic control, but these damages have been getting reversed after the PTY-2 treatment for 10 days. The expression of SOD was found to get reduced while that of DPP-IV was enhanced in diabetic control group along with significant intestinal cell apoptosis. PTY-2 treatment reduces the stress by upregulating the expression of SOD and through downregulation of DPP-IV mRNA expression. These recoveries by PTY-2 leads to suppression of intestinal cells apoptosis. These short studies explain the protective action of PTY-2 against STZ induced intestinal damage. Hence, PTY-2 could be taken as an herbal treatment against intestinal disorders in case of chronic diabetes.

scholarly journals Pueraria tuberosa as Dipeptidyl-Peptidase-IV Inhibitor Prevents Streptozotocin-Induced Intestinal Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Shivani Srivastava ◽  
Harsh Pandey ◽  
Surya Kumar Singh ◽  
Yamini Bhusan Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase Iv ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Pueraria Tuberosa ◽  
Dpp Iv

BACKGROUND: Enhanced expression of PTY-2 dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) has been found to improve has been found in various intestinal diseases. Pueraria tuberosa tuber water extract-2 (PTY-2) is already known to have DPP-IV inhibitory potential. At the mRNA level, this inhibition has not yet been investigated. Increased incretin secretion due to inhibition of DPP-IV could lead to the suppression of stress and apoptosis of intestinal cells. AIM: In this research, we tried to study the antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and DPP-IV inhibitory effect of PTY 2 against intestinal damage induced by STZ. METHODS: We found morphological damage to the intestine following streptozotocin (STZ) injection (65 mg/kg bw) in male Charles foster rats through histological examination. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and DPP-IV mRNA expressions were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and cell apoptosis was examined by tunnel assay and Bcl 2 immunoexpression. RESULTS: In STZ-induced diabetic control, the number and length of villi were decreased, but these damages were reversed by 10 days of PTY-2 treatment. SOD expression was found to be decreased whereas DPP-IV expression was enhanced with significant intestinal cell apoptosis in the diabetic control group. Treatment with PTY-2 decreases stress by upregulating SOD expression and by downregulating the expression of DPP-IV. These PTY-2 recoveries contribute to the suppression of apoptosis in the intestinal cells. CONCLUSION: The protective action of PTY-2 against STZ mediated intestinal damage is demonstrated by these short studies. Therefore, PTY-2 may be taken as a herbal remedy for diabetes-induced intestinal damages.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the effect of ethanolic extract of swietenia mahagoni seeds with rosiglitazone on experimentally induced diabetes mellitus in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
SMMMA Hasan ◽  
MI Khan ◽  
BU Kumar ◽  
MZ Sadeque
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni ◽  
Experimentally Induced

The study was performed to compare the blood glucose lowering effect of Swietenia mahagoni seeds with an oral antidiabetic drug, rosiglitazone in experimentally induced diabetic rats. Twentyfour healthy Long Evans Norwegian strain of rats were included in the study and divided into four groups (A, B, C and D) comprising 6 rats each. Group A (control group) received standard rat food for 14 days. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of alloxan 120mg/kg body weight in Group B, C and D. Group B was given standard food for 10 days and considered as diabetic control. Group C and D were treated with ethanolic extract of Swietenia mahagoni seeds 1000mg/kg and rosiglitazone 10mg/kg orally respectively. Administration of ethanolic extract of Swietenia mahagoni seeds in group C and rosiglitazone in group D produced a significant reduction in blood glucose level as compared to diabetic control (group B). Histological examination of pancreas showed destruction of beta cells in Islets of pancreas in group B whereas retaining of islets and few degranulations of beta cells of pancreas found in group C and group D. The observations and results of the present study provide information that ethanolic extract of Swietenia mahagoni seeds has hypoglycaemic effect in experimentally induced diabetic rats which requires further investigation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v39i1.15790 Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2013; 39: 6-10

scholarly journals EXAGGERATION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES DUE TO CAFFEINE-NICOTINE CO-ADMINISTRATION: A STUDY IN RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Subhash T. Kumbhar ◽  
Hemant D. Une ◽  
Anagha M. Joshi ◽  
Pralhad B. Wangikar
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Severe Tissue

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the toxic effect of simultaneously injected normal doses of caffeine and nicotine in diabetic lab animals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A study was conducted for three weeks in seven rat groups (n=6); viz. first non-diabetic group treated with caffeine (20 mg/kg, ip) twice daily, second with nicotine (0.4 mg/kg, ip) twice daily and third with both treatments simultaneously; whereas other three groups treated in the same way but inducing diabetes; and employing the seventh group as diabetic control. Type 2 diabetes was induced by high fatty diet prior for two weeks and a single streptozotocin injection on 1<sup>th</sup> day of study in all diabetic groups. Blood and urine samples were collected weekly to estimate blood parameters. Animals were sacrificed, and organs were collected for histopathology analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most blood parameters showed a rapid increase in diabetes in co-addiction group compared with their single addiction or non-addiction control groups. Caffeine-nicotine co-addiction group showed about 60-80 mg/dl (p&lt;0.05) rise in serum glucose, 15-20 U/l in AST (p&lt;0.01), 80-100 U/l in ALT (p&lt;0.01), 20-30 mg/dl in Urea (p&lt;0.01), 02 mg/dl in creatinine (p&lt;0.05), 12-15 mg/dl (p&lt;0.01) in LDL-C, 6-9 mg/dl in VLDL-C (p&lt;0.01) and 60-90 mg/dl in TC levels (p&lt;0.01) when compared with non-addicted diabetic control. There was a significant reduction in HDL-C (p&lt;0.01) while the less significant rise in triglycerides in the case of co-addiction as compared to non-addiction diabetic control group. Histopathology results exhibited moderate to severe tissue damage in agreement with clinical biochemistry results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nicotine-caffeine co-addiction harms exceptionally more in type 2 diabetes greater than their single addiction or non-addiction.</p>

scholarly journals ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FRACTIONS OF ANNONA RETICULATA LEAF

2016 ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Soumya Prakash Rout ◽  
Durga Madhab Kar ◽  
Laxmidhar Maharana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Annona Reticulata

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Context: Several species of the genus Annona were reported to have hypoglycemic properties and this makes Annona reticulata Linn. (Annonaceae)<br />an interesting plant for investigating its anti-hyperglycemic potential.<br />Objective: Different fractions prepared from hydro-alcoholic extract of A. reticulata leave were investigated for their blood glucose lowering effect on<br />Streptozotocin (STZ) induced hyperglycemic rats.<br />Methods: Ethyl acetate, methanol, and residual fractions (at dose level of 100 mg/kg by oral route) prepared from the hydro-alcoholic extract of<br />A. reticulata leave were administered for 14 consecutive days to STZ induced hyperglycemic rats for evaluation of their anti-hyperglycemic potential.<br />Anti-hyperglycemic potential was assessed by observation of a decrease in fasting blood glucose level.<br />Results: The studies revealed that ethyl acetate fraction decreased the blood glucose level of hyperglycemic rats from 447.67 to 234.17 mg/dL and is<br />significant (p&lt;0.001) when compared with diabetic control group. The residual fraction and methanolic fraction decreased blood glucose level from<br />417.83 to 402.50 mg/dL and 432.33 to 371.67 mg/dL respectively but not significant when compared with the diabetic control group. Standard drug<br />metformin (dose 300 mg/kg) reduced the blood glucose level from 447.33 to 219.50 mg/dL.<br />Discussion: Ethyl acetate fraction at tested dose level was capable not only to control the elevated blood glucose level but also able to attenuate<br />certain secondary parameters associated with STZ induced hyperglycemia.<br />Conclusion: This study suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction prepared from hydro-alcoholic extract of A. reticulata leave exhibit potential antihyperglycemic<br />property<br />in the tested<br />experimental<br />models and should be investigated<br />further.<br />Keywords: Streptozotocin, Diabetes, Dyslipidemia.</p>

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Antioxidant Effects of Metformin, Glibenclamide, and Repaglinide in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonaventure Chukwunonso Obi ◽  
Theophine Chinwuba Okoye ◽  
Victor Eshu Okpashi ◽  
Christiana Nonye Igwe ◽  
Edwin Olisah Alumanah
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Diabetes mellitus is one of the serious global health problems affecting a significant proportion of both developed and developing countries. Overproduction of free radicals and oxidative stress has been associated with the development of diabetic complications. In the present study, the antioxidant effects of metformin (MET), glibenclamide (GLI), and repaglinide (REP) were evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The findings from this study may possibly help in understanding the efficacy of these standard drugs in managing the complications arising from diabetes mellitus (DM). Alloxan (130 mg/kg BW) was administered as a single dose to induce diabetes. Four (4) groups of rats (n=6) were used; group 1 served as diabetic control while groups 2, 3, and 4 were the diabetic test groups that received MET (25 mg/kg), GLI (2.5 mg/kg), and REP (0.5 mg/kg), respectively. The result of the study showed significant (p<0.05) improvement in the altered antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT) and GSH concentration in diabetic treated rats compared with the diabetic control group. MET and REP produced significant effect on the MDA concentration while GLI showed insignificant reduction in the MDA concentration compared with the diabetic control. Findings from this study suggest that the administration of MET, GLI, and REP exerts significant antioxidant effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, thus contributing to the protective effect against oxidative stress-induced damage during diabetic complications.

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Marigold Hydroalcoholic Extract in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats: Evaluation of Cardiac and Pancreatic Biomarkers in the Serum

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeel Ebrahimi ◽  
Saeed Shirali ◽  
Rahman Talaei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder worldwide and it is usually along with complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing and its treatment has created concerns in society. The use of herbal medicine can be helpful in the management of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of marigold hydroalcoholic extract under diabetes condition. A total of 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group, diabetic control group, and groups treated with 250 or 500 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of marigold flower during four weeks. At the end of the study, the rats were anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine, and sampling was performed through cardiac puncture. The results showed that treatment with marigold improved body weight. In addition, we determined that marigold normalized the level of CK-MB, total CK, amylase, and lipase in a dose-dependent manner. Probably these effects resulted from antioxidant property of marigold; thus we suggest that marigold flower can be useful for reduction of diabetes complication.

scholarly journals Preventive Role of Zingiber Officinale against Hyperglycemia in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
S Sultana ◽  
N Y Mili ◽  
R Afroz ◽  
S Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Glucose Estimation ◽  
Preventive Role

The experimental animal study was undertaken to investigate the preventive role ginger juice against hyperglycemia in alloxan induced diabetic rats.Male wistar rats,(130-150)gm wt fed on standard diet and water ad libitum, were divided into 3 groups(n=6) in each group: Group-L non-diabetic control group, Group-II, diabetic control & Group-III, normal rats pretreated with ginger before they were made diabetics. Diabetes was induced by inj. alloxan 150mg/kg body wt.,tp (Group-IL on 2nd day & Group-Ill, on the 9th day).Rats having blood glucose level of more than 7mmol/L on day 5(72 hours after alloxan inj) were considered diabetic & selected for experiment. Rats of Group-Ill received Zingiber officinale (ginger juice) (4m1/kg.body,wt orally) for 7 days (day 2-day8) through Pyles tube before alloxan induction & 3days after the induction. On day 12, animals were sacrificed under light ether anaesthesia, blood was collected by cardiac puncture for blood glucose estimation. Pretreatment with Zingiber officinale (ginger) juice significantly (p<0.01) reduced alloxan induced hyperglycemia.Zingiber officinale (ginger) is one of the most widely used spices and is reputed to have medicinal properties against diabetes mellitus. This study suggests that pretreatment with Zingiber officinale(ginger) prevents the development of hyperglycemia in alloxan induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the oral hypoglycemic activity of methanolic extract of Garcinia indica seeds in streptozotocin induced diabetic Albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1147
Author(s):  
Padmaja Shetty K. ◽  
Pushpa V. H.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Hypoglycemic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Garcinia Indica ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Group 5

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disorder with several microvascular and macrovascular complications. Several plants have been used as dietary adjuvants to conventional drug therapy. Garcinia indica exhibits significant hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of methanolic extract of seeds of Garcinia indica on blood glucose levels in Streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats.Methods: Five groups of wistar albino rats (n=6) weighing 150-200g of either sex aged 3-4 months were obtained for the study. After overnight fasting, streptozotocin (50mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to induce diabetes. Five groups are: Group-1: Non diabetic control group, Group-2: diabetic control, Group-3: diabetic standard, Group-4: test group, Group-5: half of test + half of standard. Fasting blood sugar was estimated on 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28th day by capillary blood glucose method. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.Results: In this study, following Streptozotocin administration the blood glucose levels increased in all groups on day 0. In group 2, blood glucose level gradually increased to 445.6±1.75mg/dl over a period of 4 weeks. Following glibenclamide administration in Group 3 - there was a gradual reduction in blood glucose levels: 269.8mg/dl - day 7 to 101.8mg/dl - week 4. Group 4 - persistent and significant (p<0.05) fall in blood glucose levels reaching upto 107mg/dl at the end of 4 weeks. Group 5 - 330mg/dl on day 1 which significantly (p<0.05) reduced to 101mg/dl on day 28. There was improvement in weight in group 4 and group 5 diabetic rats.Conclusions: The extract alone and in combination with glibenclamide showed significant hypoglycemic activity in comparison to diabetic control group.

scholarly journals Pharmacodynamics Drug Interactions of Metformin with Aspirin and Nifedipine

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khidir A. M. Hassan ◽  
Mahmoud M. E. Mudawi ◽  
Mansour I. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Diabetic Control Group

Metformin is now being recognized as the standard therapy in T2D patients who are overweight. Metformin has many drug-disease interactions that can increase the risk of metformin-associated lactic acidosis. Therefore this study was conducted to evaluate any possible pharmacodynamic interactions between metformin and drugs used to treat chronic diseases e.g. Hypertension. The rats were fasted overnight before inducing diabetes with streptozotocin. The rats were given an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg kg−1) freshly prepared in 0.1M sodium citrate buffer. The diabetic state was confirmed 72 h after streptozotocin injection. Diabetic rats were grouped into seven groups each group of five rats and distributed among the normal control group diabetic control group and the treatment groups. The treatment continued for 10 days. Blood samples were taken before treatment and after 10 days and analyzed for serum glucose, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides. In the diabetic control group which was given STZ alone the blood glucose level decreased significantly (p &lt; 0.05) after 10 days but still above the hyperglycemic level (200mg/dl). The same was observed in the group treated with metformin. The group treated with nifedipine and aspirin showed significant reduction (p &lt; 0.01) in the glucose level below the hyperglycemic level (200mg/dl). While the groups treated with (Metformin + Nifedipine) and (Metformin +Aspirin) showed highly significant reduction (P&lt;0.001) in blood glucose level. These results conclude that the combination of (metformin +Nifedipine) and the combination of (Metformin + Aspirin) have highly significant hypoglycemic effect. It also showed that Nifedipine has promising role in reducing blood glucose level, lipid profile especially LDL-cholesterol, and body weight.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BINAHONG LEAVES ON DIABETIC WOUND HEALING

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devita Anggraeni ◽  
Claude Mona Airin ◽  
Slamet Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Group I ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Chemical Profiles

This research aimed to study the effectiveness of ethanol extract of binahong leaves on blood glucose, insulin, blood chemical profiles (serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase=SGPT, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase=SGOT, ureum, and creatinine), and skin histopathology in diabetic rat. A total of 20 male Wistar rats aged 3 months (± 250 gram) were divided into five groups, with four rats in each group. Group I (non-diabetic control) was injected with 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer, while group II (diabetic control), III, IV, and V were injected with single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ) at dose 40 mg/kg intraperitoneally (IP). One week after the injection, the dorsal skin of the rats were excised. Group I and II were given cream topically and 1% NaCMC orally, group III was given 50% ethanol extract of binahong leaves (EEB) topically and 1% NaCMC orally, group IV was given cream topically and EEB 300 mg/kg orally, and group V was given 50% EEB topically and EEB 300 mg/kg orally. These treatments were continued for 14 days. Blood samples were obtained at the end of study to examine blood glucose, insulin, and blood chemical profiles (SGOT, SGPT, ureum, and creatinine). Examination of skin histopathology and leukocyte count were also done. The result showed that blood glucose, insulin, SGOT, SGPT, and ureum level of diabetic rats given topical or oral EEB did not significantly different from diabetic control group, even though blood glucose, insulin, SGOT, SGPT, and ureum level of diabetic rats given topical and oral EEB were found lower compared to diabetic control group. Administration of EEB 300 mg/kg orally in diabetic rats could lower creatinine level significantly (P<0.05). Histopathological examination of dorsal skin of diabetic rats which were given EEB topically showed the decrease of fibroblast proliferation, leukocyte infiltration, and hemorrhage in dermis area. Leukocyte count on skin tissue was significantly lower (P<0.05) in diabetic rats given EEB. In conclusion, topical or oral administration of EEB can help healing process in diabetic wound.

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