scholarly journals A Pro-Diabetogenic mtDNA Polymorphism in the Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide, MOTS-c

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Zempo ◽  
Su-Jeong Kim ◽  
Noriyuki Fuku ◽  
Yuichiro Nishida ◽  
Yasuki Higaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Amino Acid Replacement ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Mtdna Polymorphism

AbstractType 2 Diabetes (T2D) is an emerging public health problem in Asia. An Asian mitochondrial DNA variation m.1382A>C (rs111033358) leads to a K14Q amino acid replacement in MOTS-c, an insulin sensitizing mitochondrial-derived peptide. Meta-analysis of three cohorts (n=27,527, J-MICC, MEC, and TMM) showed that males but not females with the C-allele exhibit a higher prevalence of T2D. Furthermore, in J-MICC, only males with the C-allele in the lowest tertile of physical activity increased their prevalence of T2D, demonstrating a kinesio-genomic interaction. High-fat fed, male mice injected with MOTS-c showed reduced weight and improved glucose tolerance, but not K14Q-MOTS-c treated mice. Like the human data, female mice were unaffected. Mechanistically, K14Q-MOTS-c leads to diminished insulin-sensitization in vitro. Thus, the m.1382A>C polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to T2D in men, possibly interacting with exercise, and contributing to the risk of T2D in sedentary males by reducing the activity of MOTS-c.

Hypoglycemic effects of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides on high fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice using metabolomics analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
nannan liu ◽  
Xuefeng Chen ◽  
Juanna Song ◽  
Mengyin Chen ◽  
Pin Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Auricularia Auricula ◽  
Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Metabolomic Approach ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis

This study evaluated the hypoglycemic effect of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAPs) on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) male mice (C57BL/6J) using a metabolomic approach based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–Q...

Development of new dinuclear Fe(III) coordination compounds with in vitro nanomolar antitrypanosomal activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Figuerôa Moreira ◽  
Juliana de Araujo Portes ◽  
Nathalia Florencia Barros Azeredo ◽  
Christiane Fernandes ◽  
Adolfo Horn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Coordination Compounds ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Neglected Tropical Disease ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Protozoan Pathogen

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi. The disease is the major public health problem affecting about 6 to 7 million people worldwide,...

Leprosy (Hansen’s disease)

2010 ◽  
pp. 836-848
Author(s):  
Diana N.J. Lockwood
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Granulomatous Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Granulomatous Disease ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health

Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an acid-fast intracellular organism not yet cultivated in vitro. It is an important public health problem worldwide, with an estimated 4 million people disabled by the disease. Transmission of M. leprae is only partially understood, but untreated lepromatous patients discharge abundant organisms from their nasal mucosa into the environment....

scholarly journals Rutaecarpine exhibits anti-diabetic potential in high fat diet–multiple low dose streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic mice and in vitro by modulating hepatic glucose homeostasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-314
Author(s):  
Laishram Surbala ◽  
Chingakham Brajakishor Singh ◽  
Rajkumari Vidyabati Devi ◽  
Oinam Joychandra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Glucose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Natural Ingredients from Medicine Food Homology as Chemopreventive Reagents against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Modulating Gut Microbiota Homoeostasis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6934
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Xia ◽  
Jiao Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a noteworthy worldwide public health problem. It represents a complex metabolic disorder, mainly characterized as hyperglycemia and lipid dysfunction. The gut microbiota dysbiosis has been proposed to play a role in the development of diabetes. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the use of medicine food homology (MFH) and functional food herbs (FF) to ameliorate diabetes and lead to a natural and healthy life. Hence, this review compiles some reports and findings to demonstrate that the practical use of the MFH/FF can modulate the homoeostasis of gut microbiota, thereby ameliorating the development of T2DM. The results provided useful data to support further investigation of the functional basis and application of MFH/FF to treat T2DM through maintaining intestinal homeostasis.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Diabetes Type 2 Development. Comparison of 6 Major Risk Factors Prevalence Between Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Patients from Bihor County and the Population with Normal Glucose Tolerance from Predatorr Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Vesa Cosmin Mihai ◽  
Popa Amorin Remus
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Modifiable Factors

AbstractDiabetes mellitus represents a public health problem because of its growing prevalence and the enormous costs for its treatment and complications. There are numerous risk factors for diabetes mellitus development but the most important ones are the modifiable factors. In Bihor County the prevalence of obesity and sedentary behaviour in the population of newly diagnosed patients are increased compared to their prevalence in the population without diabetes. Promotion of healthy eating habits and increased physical effort are the most important measures to prevent diabetes mellitus type 2, which accounts for 90-95% of total diabetes cases. Public health programs that bring together physicians, nutritionists, teachers and target groups (children, young people, obese and overweight people)must be initiated in general population from an early age and maintained in order to promote the adherence to a healthy lifestyle.

Mechanism of Action of Limonene in Tumor Cells: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana de Vasconcelos Cerqueira Braz ◽  
Fernanda Oliveira de Carvalho ◽  
Daniele de Vasconcelos Cerqueira Meneses ◽  
Fernanda Araújo Felipe Calixto ◽  
Hericalizandra Santa Rosa Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Background: Cancer is a complex, multifactorial disease, and a major public health problem, as it is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although treatments have significantly improved, there is a still a search for more effective drugs. One source for these are natural products (NPs). One NP that has shown anticancer activity is Limonene. However, the mechanisms of limonene's antiproliferative, anticancer and antineoplastic activity are not fully understood. Objective: The objective of this study is, therefore, to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on this subject. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using the Scopus, MEDLINE-PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases using the keywords: "limonene", “cancer”, “neoplasm”, “tumor”. The inclusion criteria were: in vivo and in vitro studies on the use of limonene in cancer published in English, Portuguese and Spanish until December 2019. Review articles, meta-analyses, abstracts, conference papers, editorials/letters and case reports were excluded. Results: The search identified 3568 articles. Of which 126 were selected for full reading with 11 papers meeting the review criteria. Six more papers were added from the references of the initial 11 texts, giving a total of 17 papers. There was a high level of agreement on inclusion/exclusion (Kappa index > 80%). Risk of bias I the texts was shown to be high. Conclusion: The meta-analysis suggests that limonene acts mainly on tumor regression induced apoptosis, and is a promising natural product for use in the treatment of several types of cancer.

Leprosy (Hansen’s disease)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1154-1167
Author(s):  
Diana N.J. Lockwood
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Granulomatous Disease ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health

Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an acid-fast intracellular organism not yet cultivated in vitro. It is an important public health problem worldwide, with an estimated 4 million people disabled by the disease. Transmission of M. leprae is only partially understood, but untreated lepromatous patients discharge abundant organisms from their nasal mucosa into the environment. It was first identified in the nodules of patients with lepromatous leprosy by Hansen in 1873. M. leprae preferentially parasitizes skin macrophages and peripheral nerve Schwann cells. A second agent of leprosy M. lepromatosis which diverged form M. leprae 10 million years ago has also been recognized as causing leprosy in 40 + patients and the main focus of origin is Mexico. The importance of this organism will be determined over the next few years.

scholarly journals TRAIL reduces impaired glucose tolerance and NAFLD in the high-fat diet fed mouse

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Bernardi ◽  
Barbara Toffoli ◽  
Veronica Tisato ◽  
Fleur Bossi ◽  
Stefania Biffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Primary Hepatocytes

Recent studies suggest that a circulating protein called TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand) may have an important role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It has been shown that TRAIL deficiency worsens diabetes and that TRAIL delivery, when it is given before disease onset, slows down its development. The present study aimed at evaluating whether TRAIL had the potential not only to prevent, but also to treat type 2 diabetes. Thirty male C57BL/6J mice were randomized to a standard or a high-fat diet (HFD). After 4 weeks of HFD, mice were further randomized to receive either placebo or TRAIL, which was delivered weekly for 8 weeks. Body weight, food intake, fasting glucose, and insulin were measured at baseline and every 4 weeks. Tolerance tests were performed before drug randomization and at the end of the study. Tissues were collected for further analyses. Parallel in vitro studies were conducted on HepG2 cells and mouse primary hepatocytes. TRAIL significantly reduced body weight, adipocyte hypertrophy, free fatty acid levels, and inflammation. Moreover, it significantly improved impaired glucose tolerance, and ameliorated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). TRAIL treatment reduced liver fat content by 47% in vivo as well as by 45% in HepG2 cells and by 39% in primary hepatocytes. This was associated with a significant increase in liver peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ (PPARγ) co-activator-1 α (PGC-1α) expression both in vivo and in vitro, pointing to a direct protective effect of TRAIL on the liver. The present study confirms the ability of TRAIL to significantly attenuate diet-induced metabolic abnormalities, and it shows for the first time that TRAIL is effective also when administered after disease onset. In addition, our data shed light on TRAIL therapeutic potential not only against impaired glucose tolerance, but also against NAFLD.

scholarly journals Comparison of the long-term effects of high-fat v. low-fat diet consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (12) ◽  
pp. 2047-2058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Schwingshackl ◽  
Georg Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat

The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the long-term effects ( ≥ 12 months) of high-fat (HF) v. low-fat (LF) diet consumption on the indicators of glycaemic control as well as cardiovascular risk factors in pre-diabetic and diabetic individuals. Literature search was carried out using the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Trial Register until November 2013. Study-specific weighted mean differences (MD) were pooled using a random-effects model of the Cochrane software package Review Manager 5.1 and Stata 12.0 was used for meta-regressions. A total of fourteen trials met the inclusion criteria and a maximum of 1753 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. HF regimens were found to result in a significant decrease in TAG levels (MD − 0·19 mmol/l, 95 % CI − 0·23, − 0·14, P< 0·001; I2= 0 %, P= 0·58) and diastolic blood pressure (MD − 1·30 mmHg, 95 % CI − 1·73, − 0·87, P< 0·001; I2= 0 %, P= 0·60) and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol levels (MD 0·05 mmol/l, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·08, P= 0·01; I2= 57 %, P= 0·01). In addition, MD in the reductions of fasting glucose levels ( − 0·41 mmol/l, 95 % CI − 0·74, − 0·08, P= 0·01; I2= 56 %, P= 0·02) were significantly high in patients with type 2 diabetes adhering to a HF diet. HF and LF diets might not be of equal value in the management of either pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes, leading to emphasis being placed on the recommendations of HF diets.

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