New models for the management of public key infrastructure and root certification authorities

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 166-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Public Key Infrastructure ◽  
Public Key ◽  
Fitness For Purpose ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Certification And Accreditation ◽  
User Groups

Public key infrastructure (PKI) has been discussed for some time but has yet to command much attention from business or policy makers. The benefits of chaining certificate authorities (CA) together have not been obvious and confusion has reigned over the proper role of government. But a new PKI model emphasises control and audit, so that certificates may be issued to different user groups under their own rules, with external assurance of fitness for purpose. This type of model is supported by existing standards certification and accreditation processes. No special new authorities are needed and complex cross‐certification protocols are avoided. Other advantages of an accreditation‐based PKI include a non‐government peak authority, an opt‐in, bottom‐up growth path, easily understood business language for all the elements of the PKI, and clarification of the legal liability of all CAs, in particular the peak authority.

Rwanda

2018 ◽  
pp. 316-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasim Munyegera Ggombe ◽  
Richard S. Newfarmer
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
Policy Coherence ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
International Support ◽  
And Child Health

Since civil war and genocide left the country in ruins, Rwanda has undergone a remarkable transformation. Growth rates since 1995 have averaged 8 per cent annually, poverty rates have fallen, maternal and child health have improved, and infrastructure and public institutions have been rebuilt. This chapter examines the determinants of the growth path of the Rwandan economy, focusing on: the central role of government; the structural transformation of the economy; the role of exports and foreign investment; and particularly the role of ‘industries without smokestacks’. Policy coherence, together with substantial international support, allowed Rwanda to embark on a growth path. A hallmark of the development path has been to use services as a leading sector at an earlier stage of its development than many other countries.

Capital or people – what is the true purpose of education?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Ali
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
True Purpose

Purpose The purpose of this study is to present the book Education, Economy and Society, edited by Salim Vally and Enver Motala (UNISA Press, Pretoria, 2014), which highlights the main concepts introduced and discussed. Design/methodology/approach The study primarily summarizes the critique of human capital theory (HCT) which is developed in the book. This is done using different approaches and is comprehensive in scope. The study also introduces some of the alternative visions of education as presented by the contributing authors. The author of the review also draws on other literature which addresses the same fields. Findings HCT dominates the discourse on the role of education in society, but the concept is hard to measure and evidence of its importance is scant. Despite the criticism of this theory, it continues to dominate the mainstream economic theory. Research limitations/implications The main premise merits more systematic study, ideally drawing on more extensive literature, and extending beyond the confines of any one country. As a review, this study aimed to maintain a focus on this one important collection. Social implications HCT tends to promote a view of education as a tool of material economic progress. This excludes a discussion of social justice and de-emphasizes the role of education in advancing individual fulfilment and in strengthening democratic values. A view of useful human activity outside of production within a corporate environment is also ignored. This book covers all of these ideas. Originality/value This study draws attention to an important book which discusses the proper role of education in economic development and critiques policy making in South Africa. The book is broad enough in scope to be of relevance to educators, academics and policy makers in the developing and developed worlds.

“WHO WANTS WHITE CARROTS?”: CONGRESSIONAL SEED DISTRIBUTION, 1862 TO 1923

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy J. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Seed Distribution ◽  
The Many

From 1862 to 1923, congressional seed distribution was among the most important functions of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). One of the largest agricultural programs in the late nineteenth century, the practice itself stayed in place until 1923. The subject of little historical research, the seed distribution project is usually viewed as a failure of the scientific agricultural establishment, or as vote mongering by Congress, and its demise as the simple culmination of Progressive Era reform. However, this episode in American history reveals much more than debates over science and agriculture by highlighting the many cultural, economic, scientific, and political questions about the proper role of government in a democracy. By examining heated contemporary political exchanges and published critiques, this article assesses what different constituencies viewed as good in government as they argued for or against free seed distribution, even as the USDA used seed as a vehicle for consolidating the place of science and knowledge in agriculture and in government.

The Proper Role of Government in Renewable Energy Development: Theory and Practices in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2940-2943
Author(s):  
Kai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Renewable Energy Development ◽  
Incentive Policies ◽  
The Government ◽  
China Today

The proper role of government in economic development is one of the biggest single issues confronting China today. The paper attempts to trace and describe the role played by the government in renewable energy development. The goals focused in the article are two ones. The first one is to explore the theoretical basis on the role of government. The second one is to examine the practices in China. Based on the analysis of theory and practices in China, the paper argues that government propelling is quite crucial to renewable energy development, and concludes that further incentive policies and implementation system should be improved.

scholarly journals Multisectoral Initiatives, Sectoral Inertia: A Dilemma of Governance for Development Policy-makers

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (4II) ◽  
pp. 897-904
Author(s):  
Pervaiz Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Development Policy ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Coordination Problem ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Failure ◽  
Development Professionals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Sectors

The opinion of development professionals at home and abroad has converged on the point that bad governance lies at the root of the loss of the momentum of economic growth, increasing poverty and failed investment in social sectors. Early concern of development economists with market failure brought in the arguments for the role of government. Government failure was the dominant issue of the eighties. The last decade of the twentieth century is witnessing a focus on governance failure, a broader concept in that the government is not viewed as the only governing entity. This paper addresses an issue which has been there during the reigns of all these “failure” paradigms. It arises from the inability of governments, organised traditionally into the vertically operating line departments, to deal effectively with multisectoral or cross-sectoral problems and cross-cutting issues. The paper traces the evolution of multisectoral issues and looks at the standard approach of treating multisectoral initiatives as a horizontally fathomed coordination problem to show that it has been an unmitigated disaster. It argues that the multisectoral issues can be better addressed by internalising the elements of coordination, particularly in social sectors, though there have been situations which raise questions about this approach as well

scholarly journals Green GDP and Sustainable Development in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negin Vaghefi ◽  
Chamhuri Siwar ◽  
Sarah Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Green Gdp ◽  
The World

Sustainability has become an important concept in economic growth and development in the world. Malaysia, as a rapidly developing economy in Asia, has been able to achieve a positive economic growth; however, there is a big question: is it on a sustainable growth path? Due to weaknesses of traditional GDP in reflecting sustainability path, Green GDP as an indicator of sustainability could be implemented with adjustments in calculations. This paper aims to calculate the Green GDP for Malaysia. This measure will almost give policy makers a more arguable estimate for the area of environmental challenges. This paper highlights the role of natural resources depletion and environmental damages in sustainable development of the country. Green GDP is associated with some uncertainties such as lack of comprehensive calculations in estimating data and difficulties in setting the price of natural resources. These uncertainties and how Malaysia would be able to implement more accurate Green GDP in future were also discussed.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DAMPAK ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA DAERAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, KEMISKINAN DAN PENGANGGURAN DI SULAWESI UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debby Ch. Rotinsulu ◽  
Avriano R. Tenda ◽  
Luciana M. Leonufina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The North ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Regional Budget

ANALISIS DAMPAK ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA DERAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, KEMISKINAN DAN PENGAGGURAN DI SULAWESI UTARA Debby Ch. Rotinsulu, Avriano R. Tenda, Luciana M. Leonufina Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Ilmu Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado ABSTRAK Pertumbuhan ekonomi, angka kemiskinan serta pengangguran tentunya tidak lepas dari peran serta pemerintah sebagai pengambil kebijakan serta kuasa penggunaan anggaran untuk dapat merangsang perekonomian menuju ke arah yang lebih baik melalui Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah yang tentunya diharapkan akan mempercepat roda perekonomian. Dengan adanya  perputaran cepat roda perekonomian diharapkan akan membuka peluang ekonomi baru yang tentunya akan menarik tenaga kerja yang berdampak pada penurunan angka pengangguran dan meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat dan tidak lagi terpuruk pada jurang kemiskinan. Untuk itu dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa pengaruh pemerintah melalui APBD nya dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan , menekan angka pengangguran dan mengurangi kemiskinan di Kabupaten, Kota di wilayah Sulawesi Utara. Kata Kunci: APBD, Belanja Modal, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Kemiskinan, pengangguran ABSTRACT Economic growth, poverty and unemployment must not be separated from the role of government as policy makers and power use of the budget to stimulate the economy towards better through the Regional Budget which is certainly expected to accelerate the economy. With the quick turnaround of the economy is expected to open up new economic opportunities that will attract workers who have an impact on the growth of unemployment and improve people's lives and can no longer hit in poverty. Therefore in this study aims to see how the government's influence over its budget to boost growth, reduce unemployment and reduce poverty in the District, City in the North Sulawesi. Keywords: Regional Government Budget, Capital Expenditures, Economic Growth, Poverty, Unemployment

Educating for the Cooperative Society

2019 ◽  
pp. 335-355
Author(s):  
Ken Mayhew
Keyword(s):  
Student Debt ◽  
Education Standards ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Shared Culture ◽  
Robbins Report ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Related Transaction

The role of government in fostering HE’s contribution to societal cooperativeness is, in present conditions of high demand, contested both politically and ideologically. Although devolution of decision taking to universities is widely apparent, four types of strong influence remain in government use: mandates, funding incentives, investment in capacity-building, and overall system adjustment. These have fostered changes in the HE policy agenda from the outcomes espoused in the foundational Robbins Report namely: skilling (not prioritized), general powers of the mind, the advancement of learning, and a shared culture of citizenship. Over-skilling now grows, and leaves difficult policy questions such as: occupational filtering down, student debt and loan servicing, bureaucratic drift with related transaction costs, and decline in education standards. Considering what a university is good for, as opposed to good at, is a challenge for many policy makers.

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