scholarly journals LIDAR altimeter conception for HERA spacecraft

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Gomes Dias ◽  
Beltran Nadal Arribas ◽  
Paulo Gordo ◽  
Tiago Sousa ◽  
João Marinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Microchip Laser ◽  
Engineering Model ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Range Measurements ◽  
Asteroid Impact ◽  
Radar Satellite

Purpose This paper aims to report the first iteration on the Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) Engineering Model altimeter named HELENA. HELENA is a Time of Flight (TOF) altimeter that provides time-tagged distances and velocity measurements. The LIDAR can be used for support near asteroid navigation and provides scientific information. The HELENA design comprises two types of technologies: a microchip laser and low noise sensor. The synergies between these two technologies enable developing a compact instrument for range measurements of up to 14 km. Thermal-mechanical and radiometric simulations of the HELENA telescope are reported in this paper. The design is subjected to vibrational, static and thermal conditions, and it was possible to conclude by the results that the telescope is compliant with the random vibration levels, the static load and the operating temperatures. Design/methodology/approach The Asteroid Impact & Deflection Assessment (AIDA) is a collaboration between the NASA DART mission and ESA Hera mission. The aim scope is to study the asteroid deflection through a kinetic collision. DART spacecraft will collide with Didymos-B, while ground stations monitor the orbit change. HERA spacecraft will study the post-impact scenario. The HERA spacecraft is composed by a main spacecraft and two small CubeSats. HERA will monitor the asteroid through cameras, radar, satellite-to-satellite doppler tracking, LIDAR, seismometry and gravimetry. Findings The HELENA design comprises two types of technologies: a microchip laser and low noise sensor. The synergies between these two technologies enable developing a compact instrument for range measurements of up to 14 km. Originality/value In this paper is reported the first iteration on the LIDAR Engineering Model altimeter named HELENA. HELENA is a TOF altimeter that provides time-tagged distances and velocity measurements. The LIDAR can be used for support near asteroid navigation and provides scientific information. The HELENA design comprises two types of technologies: a microchip laser and low noise sensor. The synergies between these two technologies enable developing a compact instrument for range measurements of up to 14 km.

Tribological characteristics of AA8090-WC-ZrC metal matrix composites prepared by stir casting process for Aerospace applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 980-985
Author(s):  
Kalaiyarasan A ◽  
Sundaram S ◽  
Gunasekaran K ◽  
Bensam Raj J.
Keyword(s):  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Hybrid Particles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Aerospace field is demanding a material with superior strength and high resistance against wear, tear and corrosion. The current study aimed to develop a new material with high performance to be applicable in aerospace field Design/methodology/approach A metal matrix composite AA8090-WC-ZrC was fabricated using stir casting method and its tribological behavior was investigated. Totally, five composites viz. AA/Z, AA/W, AA/WZ (1:3), AA/WZ (1:1) & AA/WZ (3:1) were prepared. Micro hardness, tensile and wear study were performed on the fabricated composites and the results were compared with AA8090 alloy Findings Vickers hardness test resulted that the AA/W composite showed the higher hardness value of 160 HB compared to other materials due to the reinforcing effect of WC particles with high hardness. Tensile test reported that the AA/W composite displayed the maximum tensile strength of 502 MPa owing to the creation of more dislocation density. Further, wear study showed that the AA/W composite exhibited the least wear rate of 0.0011 mm3/m because of the more resisting force offered by the WC particles. Furthermore, the AA/W composite showed the slightest mass loss of 0.0028 g and lower COF value of 0.31 due to the hinder effect of WC particle to the movement of atoms in AA8090 alloy Originality/value This work is original in the field of aerospace engineering and materials science which deals with the fabrication of AA8090 alloy with the reinforcement particles such as tungsten carbide and zirconium carbide. The impact of the combination of hybrid particles and their volume fractions on the tribological properties has been investigated in this work. This work would provide new scientific information to society.

Cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) a promising superfood in food industry: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Fredy Gomez Cahuata ◽  
Yessica Estefany Rosas-Quina ◽  
Erika Pachari Vera
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Potential Applications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to divulge the current knowledge about the nutritional and functional characteristics of Cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen), in addition to its potential applications in the food industry since research studies related to it are still limited compared to other cereals of greater diffusion. Design/methodology/approach The scientific information was collected from Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, using keywords such as nutrition value of Chenopodium pallidicaule, amaranth and pseudocereals. Consistent information was selected according to its relevance, year of publication and accuracy with the topic. A total of 49 research papers were selected. Findings Cañihua is a grain with high nutritional potential, considered a superfood because it has a high protein quality, a balanced composition of essential amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids, with a high concentration of linoleic and oleic acid. Besides, it has a good level of bioactive compounds with high antioxidant capacity. However, its production and consumption are limited outside its area of origin, although its cultivation is possible under harsh conditions. Originality/value This paper, through a systematic bibliographic review, highlights the potential of cañihua to be considered in the development of food products with high nutritional and functional value. The information compiled will help researchers and professionals become aware of the importance of this grain and join forces in its processing and enhancement of its attributes.

Open access to scientific information: comparative study in DOAJ

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 364-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Stoyanova Trencheva ◽  
Tania Yordanova Todorova
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Important Position ◽  
The Moment

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to provide a comparative retrospective analysis of Bulgarian, Turkish and Croatian Open Access (OA) journals added in Directory of Open Access journals (DOAJ) in the period 2002-2013. Design/methodology/approach – First of all, the study is focussed on brief review of definitions and descriptions of the OA as a global movement. In the study were analyzed the three main OA initiatives and was shown the difference between Golden Road and Green Road. Second of all, the authors used the comparative approach and made a comparative study of the OA journals in Bulgaria, Turkey and Croatia and present the evaluation results and findings. Findings – Qualitative and quantitative data for the study are collected by the DOAJ. The data are analyzed in terms of quantity and period, and the results are presented graphically and tabular and finally there are made major specific conclusions and recommendations. Originality/value – The paper shows that OA in the digital space has an important position in scientific research. There are many discussion issues related to the problems of OA, but overall study of OA to scientific information, and in particular comparative study of Bulgarian, Turkish and Croatian journals in the DOAJ does not exist at the moment.

scholarly journals The framing of scientific domains: about UNISIST, domain analysis and art history

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Dam Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Art History ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scientific Domain ◽  
Information Tools ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Over Time

Purpose – By using the UNISIST models this paper argues for the necessity of domain analysis in order to qualify scientific information seeking. The models allow better understanding of communication processes in a scientific domain and they embrace the point that domains are always both unstable over time, and changeable, according to the specific perspective. This understanding is even more important today as numerous digitally generated information tools as well as collaborative and interdisciplinary research are blurring the domain borders. Nevertheless, researchers navigate “intuitively” in “their” specific domains, and UNISIST helps understanding this navigation. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The UNISIST models are tentatively applied to the domain of art history at three stages, respectively two modern, partially overlapping domains, as well as an outline of an art historical domain anno c1820. The juxtapositions are discussed against the backdrop of, among others, poststructuralist concepts such as “power” and “anti-essentialism” Findings – The juxtapositions affirm the point already surfacing in the different versions of the UNISIST model, that is, structures of communication change over time as well as according to the agents that are charting them. As such, power in a Foucauldian sense is unavoidable in outlining a domain. Originality/value – The UNISIST models are applied to the domain of art history and the article discusses the instability of a scientific domain as well as, at the same time, the significance of framing a domain; an implication which is often neglected in scientific information seeking.

Components of contributing conditions to strengthen health system management and leadership capacity building: a systematic review and decision making framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-545
Author(s):  
Rona Bahreini ◽  
Masoumeh Gholizadeh ◽  
Fethiye Gulin Gedik ◽  
Mahmoud Yousefi ◽  
Ali Janati
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Leadership Capacity ◽  
System Management ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Strengthen Health System ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Capacity ◽  
Management And Leadership

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify components of contributing conditions to strengthen leadership and management capacity in the health system. Design/methodology/approach A systematic search was undertaken in databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and local resources of Scientific Information Database and Magiran in January 2020. Two independent researchers checked the research process, screening of articles and quality assessment. The quality of the studies was assessed by JBI critical appraisal tools for qualitative studies. The components of the dimensions of health system management and leadership capacity were categorized according to the WHO conceptual framework using a content analysis approach. Findings A total of 17 articles were included in this study. In total, 16 categories of components include human resource information system (n = 5); criteria, plans and procedures for selection and appointment (n = 5); development of education system (n = 11); skills (n = 39); knowledge (n = 8); attitudes (n = 6); behaviors (n = 10); resource and critical management system (n = 7); performance and processes management (n = 3); operational planning for critical systems (n = 4); establish control systems (n = 2); inputs and outputs of organizations (n = 2); accountability and responsibility to customers and stakeholders (n = 4); legal authority and requirements to play the role of managers (n = 9); external and internal environment management (n = 7); establish a system of appreciation and encouragement (n = 6). Each of these categories also contains subcategories. Originality/value Identifying prerequisite conditions are necessary for building leadership and management capacity in health systems. Therefore, extracted components provide a simple but coherent framework that can be adapted or modified for use in local situations. The components have a variety of uses, including mapping current activities, needs assessment, planning leadership and management development strategies and monitoring and evaluation.

Does context shape comprehension: evaluating the influence of presentation on inquiry strategies in science learning

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Portnoy ◽  
Talia Lemberger
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Approaches To Learning ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Distractor Task ◽  
Science Content ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Approaches to learning have the ability to influence knowledge acquisition, comprehension, retention and even motivation to learn. Previous work indicates that despite age, experience, or prior knowledge, students have a tendency to approach learning differently as a function of the presented content. The purpose of this study is to explore how context influences student approaches to learning science. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopt a question-asking methodology to evaluate if approaches to learning the same science content vary when presented within the context of Pure Science or the History of Science. Findings Results indicate that contextualizing the presentation of science content, shifts the approaches students take in attempting to learn science content as evidenced by the questions they ask to deepen their understanding. Additional variables of prior experience with each scientific concept, task persistence at a distractor task and later recall of the presented concepts were related to different inquiry strategies. Research limitations/implications Implications for instructional design and pedagogy are discussed. Practical implications The framework in which scientific information is presented may impact how students modify existing and create a new schema, impacting their beliefs about scientific knowledge and the way in which students question, hypothesize and engage within the domain of science. Social implications By studying the role of inquiry while students engage in science learning, the authors explore the role of context, content and knowledge retention. Originality/value The current study probes at the nature of student questioning and its reliance on the content, context and its relationship to outcome variables such as learning and, perhaps, even persistence as it relates to students’ prior knowledge within content areas which may, in turn, lead to varying levels of student self-efficacy.

Sodium reduction in butter using microparticulated salt

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 874-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela da Costa de Oliveira ◽  
Amanda Cristina Cristina Andrade ◽  
Jéssica Guimarães ◽  
Jéssica Ferreira Rodrigues ◽  
Mariana Mirelle Pereira Natividade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Sodium Reduction ◽  
Salt Reduction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
The Ideal

Purpose Excessive sodium intake is associated with several diseases. Accordingly, several measures, including microparticulate salt, have been adopted to reduce the salt contents of food products. However, no studies have reported the effectiveness of microparticulate salt in semisolid and liquid products. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the application of microparticulate salt to reduce sodium contents in semisolid products. Design/methodology/approach The optimal salt content to be added in butter was defined by the just-about-right-scale test. Butter samples were prepared using microparticulate salt to achieve 25, 50 and 75 per cent reductions in conventional salt concentrations. Multiple comparison tests were performed to evaluate sample taste. Findings The ideal concentration of conventional salt to be added to butter was 2.16 per cent. Discriminative tests showed that samples with 25 and 75 per cent salt reduction showed significant differences (p ⩽ 0.05) compared with butter prepared at the ideal salt content, whereas the sample with 50 per cent salt reduction had no significant difference (p > 0.05). Thus, microparticulate salt showed higher salting power than conventional salt. These results indicated the effectiveness of microparticulate salt in the preparation of semisolid products with sodium reduction. Research limitations/implications More detailed studies about the reduced-sodium butter shelf life are necessary to verify the microparticulate salt application in the product preparation. Moreover, microparticulate salt application in semisolid and liquid products elaboration must be more investigated to better elucidate its practicability of reducing sodium content in these kinds of products. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further. Practical implications Microparticulate salt has been successfully applied to reduce sodium in solid products, being added to the finished product surface. However, there are no studies that report its effectiveness in semisolid and liquid products, such as the butter, in which the salt is added during the product preparation. Thus, this research provides new scientific information to the food industry and research fields, to expand the knowledge of reduced-sodium products development using microparticulate salt with sensory quality. Originality/value No studies have evaluated the application of microparticulate salt for semisolid product preparation. Therefore, the findings will support the development of healthy products.

Cocreation of tourism experiences: are food-related activities being explored?

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 910-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Rachão ◽  
Zélia Breda ◽  
Carlos Fernandes ◽  
Veronique Joukes
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Professional Service ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Food Tourism ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study analyses the dimensions of cocreation in on-site food-related activities.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review was conducted in two databases (Scopus and Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science), and 67 peer-reviewed articles were identified on cocreation in tourism experiences.FindingsThe study reveals that food-related activities involving active participation are more likely to be successfully performed in more informal environments, in which culinary experiences cocreated by both tourists and hosts are favoured. Moreover, tourists who learn something new appreciate the value of cocreation within food tourism experiences better.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the researchers used two renowned databases to conduct the systematic literature review, there is the risk that some manuscripts related to the topic were excluded.Practical implicationsThe transfer of new skills and knowledge through direct contact between tourists and hosts are prerequisites for the raise of the value of the cocreation process itself and of the final outcome of the cocreation experience. As a result, professional service providers should dedicate more attention to the inclusion of cocreative ‘learning’ elements in the food tourism experiences they create.Social implicationsDue to the changing structure of the tourism ecosystem (technological advances), the manner in which experiences are designed, distributed and consumed (cocreated) is being transformed. The present study highlights some aspects to be developed by tourism destination managers.Originality/valueThis study is the first to explore food-related tourism experiences through the lens of cocreation.

Autism research dynamic through ontology-based text mining

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Macedoni Luksic ◽  
Tanja Urbancic ◽  
Ingrid Petric ◽  
Bojan Cestnik
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Research ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The increase of prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been accompanied by much new research. The amount and the speed of growth of scientific information available online have strongly influenced the way of work in the research community which calls for new methods and tools to support it. The purpose of this paper is to present ontology-based text mining in the field of autism trend analysis that may help to understand the broader picture of the disorder since its discovery. Design/methodology/approach – The data sets consisted of abstracts of more than 18,000 articles on ASD published from 1943 to the end of 2012 found in MEDLINE and of the documents’ titles for all those articles where the abstracts were not available. Findings – In this way, the authors demonstrated a steeper exponential curve of ASD publications compared with all publications in MEDLINE. In addition, the main research topics over time were identified using the “open discovery” approach. Finally, the relationship between a priori setting up research topics including communication, genetics, environmental risk factors, vaccination and adulthood were revealed. Originality/value – Using ontology-based text mining the authors were able to identify the main research topics in the field of autism during the time, as well as to show the dynamics of some research topics as a priori setting up. The computerised methodology that was used allowed the authors to analyse a much larger quantity of information, saving time and manual work.

Criteria selection for evaluation of ERP systems implementation in large Brazilian companies

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinaldo José De Freitas ◽  
Helder Gomes Costa ◽  
Valdecy Pereira ◽  
Eduardo Shimoda
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Enterprise Resource Planning ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Erp Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Systems Implementation ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to identify criteria that can be used in assessing the successful implementation of ERP (enterprise resource planning) in large companies. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a systematic review conducted in 74 selected articles from a survey performed in Scopus bases and Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science, an initial set of 34 criteria was defined and used for evaluating the implementation of ERP systems. This set was submitted to a sample of 111 experts in ERP for evaluation via electronic forms provided through the EncuestaFácil site. The collected data were treated by applying the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) method. The criteria selection is based on the integration of two methodological approaches: systematic review and the application of CVR method for validation of ratings issued by experts. Findings – As a result of the research, 25 criteria were identified and validated to evaluate the implementation of ERP systems, focusing on large Brazilian companies. Practical implications – The research results can be very useful to managers using ERP systems and have significant utility for organizations that develop ERP systems. Originality/value – According to studied literature, no previous study has used this integration in the identification of criteria for assessing the implementation of ERP systems in large Brazilian companies. On the other hand, the use of these two approaches assured confidence in the validity of the findings.

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