Determinants of customers' choice of dining-related services: the case of Taipei City

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 1549-1571
Author(s):  
Ching-Chan Cheng ◽  
Hung-Che Wu ◽  
Ming-Chun Tsai ◽  
Yu-Yuan Chang ◽  
Cheng-Ta Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dietary Preferences ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Additional Value ◽  
Service Strategies

PurposeThis study aims to extract determinants of customers' choice of dining-related services (CDS) to understand their attitudes and habits for dining-related services. Moreover, it classifies restaurant customers into several clusters based on their CDS factors and further analyzes the differences in the preferences and habits for dining-related services among various clusters.Design/methodology/approachThis study extracts the CDS factors using principal component analysis and identifies construct validity of the CDS factors through the results of confirmatory factor analysis. Then, it divides the restaurant customers in Taipei City into different clusters through cluster analysis to explore the habits and preferences for dining-related services in each cluster.FindingsThe study results show that the extracted six CDS factors, including service commitment, dietary preferences, design styles, additional value, delicate information collection, and dining environments. Dietary preferences, service commitment and additional value factor are the most important CDS factors for restaurant customers in Taipei City. This study divides 1,029 restaurant customers in Taipei City into three clusters based on the CDS factors through cluster analysis. The differences in the preferences and habits for dining services among three clusters have been discussed in the context in detail. Finally, this study develops eight service strategies and determines the order of execution of the eight service strategies for each cluster of customers.Originality/valueThe findings will help restaurant operators segment the market, target market customers, carry out service positioning and develop marketing strategies to respond to the highly competitive restaurant market and achieve sustainable restaurant operations.

Consumer attitude towards green products: revisiting the profile of green consumers using segmentation approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Mehta ◽  
Harpreet Singh Chahal
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Green Products ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Environmentally Conscious ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Green Consumers

PurposeOver the last few decades, there has been a substantial increase in environmentally conscious consumers' willingness to switch their preferences from mainstream products to green products. Hence, it becomes essential for academicians and marketers to understand the notion, attributes and a comprehensive profile of green consumers. Since consumer attitude towards green products is not widely studied in developing countries, the present study aims at exploring the profile of green consumers in India (Punjab State) based on the same in the Indian context.Design/methodology/approachThe study used the survey method, and a sample of 400 respondents was selected from the Punjab State of India. Initially, principal component analysis was employed to reduce the dimensions. Following this, cluster analysis was applied to segment consumer market in distinctive segments. Results of cluster analysis were validated with discriminant analysis and finally, differences amongst the segments of green and non-green consumers were examined to build on the profile of green consumers.FindingsThe study segmented the consumer market based on consumer attitude towards green products. Results of the study revealed four distinct segments. “Dynamic Green”, the largest cluster, presents truly green consumers who exhibit a positive attitude towards green products. Finally, the study highlighted the attitudinal profile of green and non-green consumers and differences amongst the segments were explained.Research limitations/implicationsSimilar study should be conducted in other developing/developed countries. Furthermore, cross-cultural studies can be undertaken to contrast consumer attitude towards green products. The study may also be extended to probe the connection between consumers' attitude and actual behaviour towards green products.Originality/valueThe study examined the role of consumer attitude towards green products in identifying the distinct segment of green consumers and determining different configurations of consumer characteristics to build on the profile of green consumers.

scholarly journals Variation in Stress Resistance Patterns amongstxGenotypes and Genetic Lineages of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 3361-3368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-ichi Lee ◽  
Nigel P. French ◽  
Geoff Jones ◽  
Yukiko Hara-Kudo ◽  
Sunao Iyoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Resistance To Heat

ABSTRACTTo evaluate the relationship between bacterial genotypes and stress resistance patterns, we exposed 57 strains of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC) O157 to acid, freeze-thaw, heat, osmotic, oxidative, and starvation stresses. Inactivation rates were calculated in each assay and subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. Thestxgenotype was determined for each strain as was the lineage-specific polymorphism assay (LSPA6) genotype. In univariate analyses, strains of thestx1stx2genotype showed greater resistance to heat than strains of thestx1stx2cgenotype; moreover, strains of thestx1stx2genotype showed greater resistance to starvation than strains of thestx2orstx2cgenotypes. LSPA6 lineage I (LI) strains showed greater resistance to heat and starvation than LSPA6 lineage II (LII) strains. PCA revealed a general trend that a strain with greater resistance to one type of stress tended to have greater resistance to other types of stresses. In cluster analysis, STEC O157 strains were grouped into stress-resistant, stress-sensitive, and intermediate clusters. Instxgenotypes, all strains of thestx1stx2genotype were grouped with the stress-resistant cluster, whereas 72.7% (8/11) of strains of thestx1stx2cgenotype grouped with the stress-sensitive cluster. In LI strains, 77.8% (14/18) of the strains were grouped with the stress-resistant cluster, whereas 64.7% (11/17) of LII strains were grouped with the stress-sensitive cluster. These results indicate that the genotypes of STEC O157 that are frequently associated with human illness, i.e., LI or thestx1stx2genotype, have greater multiple stress resistance than do strains of other genotypes.

Segmenting elder German grocery shoppers based on shopping motivations

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Oeser ◽  
Tanju Aygün ◽  
Claudia-Livia Balan ◽  
Rainer Paffrath ◽  
Marcus Thomas Schuckel
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Store Choice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shopping Motivations ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Purpose Elder German grocery shoppers are a growing, heterogeneous, and highly relevant and attractive, but under-researched market segment. In order to understand them and their grocery shopping motivations better and target them efficiently and effectively, the purpose of this paper is to identify dimensions of their shopping motivations and segment them based on these dimensions. Design/methodology/approach In total, 26 grocery store-choice criteria were identified in a thorough literature review and focus-group interviews with 36 elder German consumers aged 65 and older. In a subsequent survey, the importance of these criteria was rated by 1,288 German shoppers of the same age group. A principal component and cluster analysis were performed to identify dimensions of store-choice criteria and segments of elder German grocery shoppers. Multivariate analysis of variance, analysis of variance and discriminant analysis were used to test for statistically significant differences between the clusters. Findings Basic quality considerations, shopping experience and social interaction, service and assistance, price consciousness, product orientation, convenient location and quick service and packaging requirements influence the grocery store choice of elder German consumers in decreasing order of variance explained. The cluster analysis revealed indifferent, leisure, convenience, assistance-oriented, no frills, product-oriented and service-oriented elder German shoppers, which differ in their shopping motivations statistically and significantly. These clusters are described and contrasted in detail to derive managerial implications. Originality/value This research provides the first store-choice component analysis and cluster analysis for elder German grocery shoppers. This can help food retail to reach this attractive target group more efficiently and effectively and improve the food supply of elder German consumers.

What drives green persistence intentions?

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Che Wu ◽  
Ching-Chan Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Passionate Love ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Green Hotel ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Service Strategies

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the structural relationship between green persistence intentions and their seven drivers – green authenticity, green perceptual evaluation, green co-creation, green experiential memorability, green experiential satisfaction, green passionate love and green need for cognition in a green hotel context. Design/methodology/approach The data used in this study were based on a sample of 589 customers staying at one green hotel in New Taipei City of Taiwan. The predicted relationship was tested using the structural equation modeling and the hierarchical regression analysis. Findings The results indicate that green perceptual evaluation, green co-creation and green experiential memorability influence green experiential satisfaction. Green passionate love is influenced by green experiential satisfaction. Green need for cognition moderates the effect of green experiential satisfaction on green persistence intentions. Green persistence intentions are influenced by green experiential satisfaction and green passionate love. Practical implications To increase green authenticity, green perceptual evaluation, green co-creation, green experiential memorability, green experiential satisfaction, green passionate love, green need for cognition and green persistence intentions, the study findings will help green hotels to develop and implement market-orientated product and/or service strategies. Originality/value This paper provides data that lead to a better understanding of the relationships among green authenticity, green perceptual evaluation, green co-creation, green experiential memorability, green experiential satisfaction, green passionate love, green need for cognition and green persistence intentions in a green hotel context.

Segmenting the collegiate football game spectator: a cluster analysis approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Hoon Kim ◽  
Jen L. Duncan ◽  
Tun-Min (Catherine) Jai
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sport Marketing ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Collegiate Sport ◽  
Football Game ◽  
Great Insight ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Collegiate Football

Purpose – The purposes of this paper is to segment spectators of collegiate football game using a cluster analysis and to determine differences between spectator clusters based on motivations, satisfaction, and demographic characteristics. Design/methodology/approach – A survey instrument was utilized, and a total of 407 usable data were gathered through a convenience sampling method at a main campus in the Southern USA. A discriminant analysis was employed to create cluster profiles including demographic variables not previously included in the clustering procedure. Cluster analysis is a procedure used to determine best group segmentation. Findings – Through a factor-cluster analysis, two distinct groups are identified as attendees of collegiate football games: far-away fans and seasoned sideliners. Knowing the different spectators in event attendance allows marketers of collegiate sport events to effectively target segments and attract larger numbers of visitors to each event. Although the results indicated lower satisfaction with the far-away fans cluster, they are nonetheless spending their money at these events. A concerted effort to better welcome tourists that are supporting the visiting team may help boost their image of the local community and thus increase their spending level. Originality/value – The current study adds to the literature on sport event research, while providing great insight for researchers and practitioners how to segment their target market. Therefore, it is believed that the results of the present study will help future researchers and industry practitioners make use of the implications and findings to broaden their knowledge about sport marketing.

Segmenting the organic food market in Lebanon: an application of k-means cluster analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (7) ◽  
pp. 1423-1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malak Tleis ◽  
Roberta Callieris ◽  
Rocco Roma
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Promotional Strategies ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discover profiles of organic food consumers in Lebanon by performing a market segmentation based on lifestyle and attitude variables and thus be able to propose appropriate marketing strategies for each market segment. Design/methodology/approach A survey, based on the use of closed-ended questionnaire, was addressed to 320 organic food consumers in the capital Beirut, in February and March 2014. Descriptive analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis (k-means method) were performed upon collected data. Findings Four clusters were obtained and labelled based on psychographic characteristics and willingness to pay for the most purchased organic products. “Localist” and “Health conscious” clusters were the largest proportion of the selected sample, thus these were the most critical to be addressed by specific marketing strategies, emphasising the combination of local and organic food and the healthy properties of organic products. “Rational” and “Irregular” cluster were relatively small groups, addressed by pricing and promotional strategies. Originality/value This is the first study attempting to segment organic food consumers into different categories in a developing country as Lebanon.

Segmenting Umrah performers based on outcomes behaviors: a cluster analysis perspective

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Islam Elgammal ◽  
Ghada Talat Alhothali ◽  
Annarita Sorrentino
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Outcome Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Umrah is a religious ritual that takes place inside the Holy Mosque in Makkah. Umrah can be performed any time during the year; however, performing Umrah in the month of Ramadan is much rewarded. Although the kingdom of Saudi Arabia is hosting this event each year, studies that focus on exploring the Holy Mosque visitor segments are scarce. This study aims to explore and describe the marketing segments of Umrah performers relative to their Umrah experience inside the Holy Mosque of Makkah. Most specifically, this study aims to explore segments of Umrah performers based on their perception of servicescape, hedonic and convenience value and the visitors’ outcome behaviors [i.e. intention to revisit and positive word of mouth (PWOM)]. Design/methodology/approach Mixed-method techniques of data collection [i.e. self-administered questionnaires (n = 278) and short discussions (n = 10)] were used. Findings Cluster analysis is used for data analysis. The findings revealed four clusters of Umrah performers: real, occasional, rational and passionate performers. Research limitations/implications This study is a first attempt to target pilgrims based on their experience with the servicescape during the organized religious event; despite its exploratory nature, it reveals interesting insights that will be useful for managers and scholars. Although the study helps to enrich the existing knowledge on visitors’ experience and proposes some implications for practitioners, it does have some limitations. First, convenience sampling was used, and hence the findings cannot be generalized. Second, the limited period of observation did not allow the authors to provide a complete picture of the pilgrims’ behavior; for this reason, the study findings partially describe the phenomenon. Another limitation is related to the difficulty of approaching respondents from Asia or South East Asia although they constitute a significant percentage of the total Umrah performers every year; this is because of the language barrier as data was collected from only English and Arabic speakers. Hence, to overcome these limitations, it is suggested that future studies could be expanded to target Asian respondents and perhaps other nationalities; and could be undertaken in other religious contexts. Moreover, an interesting future study could be carried out to compare the same model during other religious events. Added to that, another growing area of research could be approached by researchers, such as the impact of pilgrims sharing their experiences on influencing E-PWOM. Practical implications The findings reveal several implications for policymakers and stakeholders. The segmentation of Umrah performers assists destination managers, policymakers and local firms involved in managing this mass event to identify effective marketing decision-makers, business strategies and policymakers to satisfy the needs of these visitors (Disegna et al., 2011). Particularly, the identification of the key characteristics of these visitors can help destination marketers to develop a marketing mix that suits the needs of each cluster (Smith et al., 2014). Despite that the performers’ main motivation is the religious purpose, marketing strategists can attract the attention of these visitors to visit other religious, cultural and heritage sites in the country. Social implications Encouraging the visit to other tourist spots in Saudi has several impacts on nourishing the economy and the community. Tourism in Saudi could encourage entrepreneurs to start new ventures to satisfy the need of visitors to the country. Small-medium enterprises could benefit from tourism as they could target market niches in which leader companies are not serving. For instance, hand-made souvenirs are one of these industries that could grow to satisfy the need of visitors. Originality/value The results contribute to the literature of event segmentation by identifying visitors’ profiles to rarely investigated destinations. The findings reveal several implications for policymakers and stakeholders.

Psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-BREF amongst wounded, injured, and ill members of the United States military

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keston Lindsay ◽  
Michelle Ferrer ◽  
Ronald Davis ◽  
David Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global War

Purpose Advances in military medical care have facilitated a reduction of fatalities in the global war on terror, relative to previous conflicts. The physical and psychological trauma of returning personnel remain a challenge, and poor physical and psychological health have been shown to affect quality of life (QOL). The purpose of this paper is to validate the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire amongst wounded, injured and ill military personnel, and to determine the characteristics of distinct groups found in this sample. Design/methodology/approach In total, 52 male and female military personnel (34.69+7.63 years, n=51) completed 24 items of the WHOQOL-BREF. Principal component analysis using the direct oblimin rotation was used to determine the factor structure of the WHOQOL-BREF and k-means cluster analysis was used to determine QOL characteristics of the separate groups. Findings The WHOQOL-BREF is a reliable tool for measuring QOL for American military personnel. However, the psychometric structure of the WHOQOL-BREF in this sample differed from the original domains. The first cluster analysis based on the original domains produced two clusters: a group of 12 that had poor QOL, and a group of 40 that had relatively good QOL except for the physical domain. The second cluster analysis differed in independence and access/social support only. Research limitations/implications Although the sample was small for principal component analysis, the investigators chose to proceed with this procedure, because objective indicators such as measures of sampling adequacy and communalities met or exceeded acceptable thresholds. Originality/value Rehabilitation programs for military ill, injured and wounded should contain components that promote independence and self-actualization.

Consumer attitude towards sustainable living in India

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karnika Gupta ◽  
Narendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Role Models ◽  
North India ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Indian Consumers

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate attitude of Indian consumers towards sustainable living. For the same, the construct of sustainable living is defined and its dimensions are explored. Then, consumers are segmented based on dimensions and profiles of identified segments are discussed upon. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was developed and introduced on a sample of one thousand consumers from three geographical areas of North India including Haryana (A Northern State), Delhi (National Capital Territory), and Chandigarh (Northern Union Territory). For analysis, principal component analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, cluster analysis, correlation, and chi-square were the statistical techniques applied. Findings Seven types of people attitude including attitude towards conserving ecology, anticipating mounting waste, need for recycling, civic norms, overcoming green myopia, environmental thinking, and norms for sustainable mobility were obtained. Based on cluster analysis, five consumer segments, namely, role models, upbeaters, rosy, bewilders, and disorients were observed. It is further found that major proportion of Indian consumers fall under the category role models with highest proportion of respondents in this segment. Research limitations/implications The determinants of attitude and testing the theories of attitude formation can be an interesting area to study on Indian consumers. This kind of studies too can be replicated in other cultures and varied contexts. A unique point of further research emerges with the finding of variable gender. Hence, gender differences regarding sustainability or sustainable living can be investigated and reasons can be found out for gender gap. Practical implications In light of the findings, this research offers a unique 3 Ss stop → stare → speedup strategy to national as well as international marketers. The stop strategy is for bewilders and disorients segments. Stare strategy is for consumers of upbeaters and rosy segments, and the word speedup stands for role models. Accordingly, marketers need a comprehension on profile of role models as identified in the study in terms of aged males, highly educated married people who live in joint families. Social implications Consumers as part of society can play a big role for enhancing green practices, thus, need to take initiatives and revolutionary actions regarding protection of environment. If consumers will be more willing to help solve environmental problems, then there will be less need for government interventions. Originality/value Attitude towards sustainable living in India has been explored; and to the best of researchers’ knowledge, the kinds of findings on Indian consumers are reported for the first time in literature. The information generated may have beneficial practical information for the businesses which see India as their potential target market. This study also uniquely identifies three components of sustainable living in the form of civic norms, environmental thinking, and norms for sustainable mobility.

scholarly journals External debt and growth: role of stable macroeconomic policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (50) ◽  
pp. 185-204
Author(s):  
Sima Rani Dey ◽  
Mohammad Tareque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
External Debt ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Bounds Testing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of external debt on economic growth in Bangladesh within a broader macroeconomic scenario. Design/methodology/approach In the process of doing so, it assesses the empirical cointegration, long-run and short-run dynamics of the concerned variables for the period of 1980–2017 applying the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to cointegration. First, debt-gross domestic product linkage explores the impact of external debt impact on economic growth using a set of macro and country risk variables, and then this linkage is also analyzed along with a newly formed macroeconomic policy (MEP) variable using principal component analysis. Findings The study results reveal the negative impact of external debt on GDP growth, but the larger positive impact of MEP index indicates that this adverse effect of debt can be mitigated or even nullified by sound MEP and appropriate human resource policy. Originality/value The dynamic effects of different shocks (external debt and macro policy variable) on economic growth by vector autoregression impulse response function also confirm our ARDL findings.

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