Analytical approach for spoke-type permanent magnet machine including finite permeability of iron core

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-352
Author(s):  
Brahim Ladghem Chikouche ◽  
Rachid Ibtiouen
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Iron Core ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Permanent Magnet Machine ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ferromagnetic Core ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Flux Density Distribution

Purpose The purpose of this study is the introduction of finite permeability of ferromagnetic core in analytical approach for slotted spoke-type permanent magnet machine. Design/methodology/approach A two-dimensional analytical approach of magnetic field distribution is established for spoke-type permanent magnet machine to calculate the flux density distribution in the middle of airgap. The paper presents an analytical subdomain model accounting for stator slotting effect. The governing equations are obtained from Maxwell’s equations by using vector potential in all regions of the machine, i.e. magnet, airgap, stator slots and rotor/stator yoke. The finite element analysis is used to validate the analytical results. Findings It is found that the developed subdomain model including finite permeability of ferromagnetic core is accurate and is applicable for spoke-type permanent magnet machine for no-load and on-load condition. The analytical results are in accurate agreement with the numerical simulation. Originality/value Some assumptions and conditions are presented to improve and simplify the analytical method for analyzing the global saturation for spoke-type permanent magnet machine.

Novel linear switched-flux PM machine with 9/10 primary/secondary pole number combination

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1656-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinfen Lu ◽  
Yanxin Li ◽  
Yunyue Ye ◽  
J.T. Chen ◽  
Z.Q. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Thrust Force ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Force Density ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Low Thrust ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Force Ripple

Purpose – Due to linear structure, linear switched flux permanent magnet machines (LSFPMMs) also may have odd pole primary, such as 9, 15, 21, etc., without unbalanced magnetic force in equivalent rotary machines. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – In order to increase the thrust force density, the influence of some major design parameters, including split ratio, PM thickness, primary slot width and secondary pole width, are investigated by finite element analysis. For reducing the thrust force ripple under on-load condition, the end auxiliary teeth are adopted and their positions are also optimized. Findings – This novel 9/10 primary/secondary poles LSFPMM has high average thrust force and low thrust force ripple by optimization. The results demonstrate that the odd pole primary may be a good candidate for long-stroke linear direct drive application. Originality/value – A novel 9/10 primary/secondary poles linear switched flux permanent magnet machine is developed in this paper. The similar conclusions could be obtained for other LSFPMMs with odd pole primary.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Dual Mover Multi-Tooth Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Machine for Ropeless Elevator Applications

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Atif Zahid ◽  
Faisal Khan ◽  
Naseer Ahmad ◽  
Irfan Sami ◽  
Wasiq Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Iron Core ◽  
Analytical Prediction ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Finite Element Analysis Simulation ◽  
Analysis Package ◽  
Flux Switching Motor

A dual mover yokeless multi-tooth (DMYMT) permanent magnet flux switching motor (PM-FSM) design is presented in this article for ropeless elevator applications. The excitation sources, including a field winding and permanent magnet, are on the short mover in the proposed design structure, whereas the stator is a simple slotted iron core, thus reducing the vertical transportation system cost. The operational principle of the proposed DMYMT in PM-FSM is introduced. The proposed dual mover yokeless multi-tooth Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Motor is analyzed and compared for various performance parameters in a Finite Element Analysis package. The proposed machine has high thrust force and cost-effectiveness compared to conventional dual permanent magnet motor. Finally, this paper also develops an analytical model for the proposed structure, validated by comparing it with Finite Element Analysis simulation results. Results show good agreement between analytical prediction and Finite Element Analysis results.

Modeling and simulation analysis of the hybrid excitation synchronous machine system utilizing tooth harmonic for excitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 540-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghong Xia ◽  
Junbo Liu ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
Hongjian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Current Waveform ◽  
Standard State ◽  
State Equations ◽  
Permanent Magnet Machine ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Machine System ◽  
Hybrid Excitation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel hybrid excitation permanent magnet synchronous generator (HEPMSG) utilizing tooth harmonic for excitation, the structural features and operation principle of which are also described. Design/methodology/approach – To obtain the operation performance quickly, this paper derives the mathematical model of the machine system represented by circuit, and analyzes the operation mode of rectifier circuit in the tooth harmonic excitation system, then the standard state equations for each operation mode are obtained. Combining the inductance parameter of this machine with the load resistance and inductance, the armature current waveform, the field current waveform and tooth harmonic winding current waveform are obtained by using the numerical method to solve the standard state equation. Findings – Comparing with the experimental results, the availability of the principle and the validity of the model of the machine system are verified. Practical implications – This HEPMSG is a new brushless self-excited and self-regulated generator, which is suitable for an independent power source. Originality/value – Unlike the existing hybrid excitation permanent magnet machine, this HEPMSG utilized the inherent tooth harmonic EMF of the rotor to adjust the air-gap magnetic field of the permanent magnet machine.

Analytical sub-domain model for predicting open-circuit field of permanent magnet vernier machine accounting for tooth tips

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 624-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Oner ◽  
Z.Q. Zhu ◽  
L.J. Wu ◽  
X. Ge
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Domain Model ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flux Modulation

Purpose – Due to high electromagnetic torque at low speed, vernier machines are suitable for direct-drive applications such as electric vehicles and wind power generators. The purpose of this paper is to present an exact sub-domain model for analytically predicting the open-circuit magnetic field of permanent magnet vernier machine (PMVM) including tooth tips. The entire field domain is divided into five regions, viz. magnets, air gap, slot openings, slots, and flux-modulation pole slots (FMPs). The model accounts for the influence of interaction between PMs, FMPs and slots, and radial/parallel magnetization. Design/methodology/approach – Magnetic field distributions for slot and air-gap, flux linkage, back-EMF and cogging torque waveforms are obtained from the analytical method and validated by finite element analysis (FEA). Findings – It is found that the developed sub-domain model including tooth tips is very accurate and is applicable to PMVM having any combination of slots/FMPs/PMs. Originality/value – The main contributions include: accurate sub-domain model for PMVM is proposed for open-circuit including tooth-tip which cannot be accounted for in literature; the model accounts the interaction between flux modulation pole (FMP) and slot; developed sub-domain model is accurate and applicable to any slot/FMP/PM combinations; and it has investigated the influence of FMP/slot opening width/height on cogging torque.

Finite-element analysis of turbine generator using homogenization method taking account of magnetic anisotropy

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1614-1626
Author(s):  
Ryoko Minehisa ◽  
Yasuhito Takahashi ◽  
Koji Fujiwara ◽  
Norio Takahashi ◽  
Masafumi Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Anisotropy ◽  
Homogenization Method ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Iron Core ◽  
Saturation Curve ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Space Factor ◽  
Magnetic Field Analysis

Purpose This paper aims to propose a homogenization method considering magnetic anisotropy for a magnetic field analysis of a turbine generator. To verify the validity of the proposed method, the effects of magnetic anisotropy and a space factor on a no-load saturation curve and no-load iron loss of the turbine generator are discussed. Design/methodology/approach The proposed method was derived from the combination of the homogenization of microscopic fields in a laminated iron core with the modelling of two-dimensional magnetic properties based on free energy. To verify the validity, the proposed method was applied to a finite-element analysis of a simple ring core model. Finally, a no-load saturation curve and iron loss of the turbine generator was investigated by using the proposed method. Findings The computational accuracy of the homogenization method considering magnetic anisotropy is almost the same as that of the detailed modelling of the laminated structure in the magnetic field analysis of the laminated iron core. Furthermore, it is clarified that magnetic anisotropy does not have a large influence on the no-load saturation curve of the turbine generator because of the large air gap. On the other hand, the space factor affects the shape of the no-load saturation curve. Originality/value This paper verifies the validity of the homogenization method considering magnetic anisotropy method and elucidates the effects of magnetic anisotropy and a space factor on no-load characteristics of the turbine generator.

Comparison between induction machine and interior permanent magnet machine for electric vehicle application

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 572-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Guan ◽  
Z.Q. Zhu ◽  
I.A.A. Afinowi ◽  
J.C. Mipo ◽  
P. Farah
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Induction Machine ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Permanent Magnet Machine ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Electric Loading ◽  
Material Cost ◽  
Interior Permanent Magnet ◽  
Speed Characteristic

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to make a quantitative comparison between induction machine (IM) and interior permanent magnet machine (IPM) for electric vehicle applications, in terms of electromagnetic performance and material cost. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis of IM is based on an analytical method, which has been validated by test. The analysis of IPM is based on finite element analysis. The popular Toyota Prius 2010 IPM is adopted directly, and the IM is designed with the same stator outer diameter and stack length as Prius 2010 IPM for a fair comparison. Findings – The torque capability of IM is lower than IPM for low electric loading and competitive to IPM for high electric loading. The maximum torque/power-speed characteristic of IM is competitive to IPM; while the rated torque/power-speed characteristic of IM is poorer than IPM. The power factor of IM is competitive and even better than IPM for high electric loading in low-speed region. The torque ripple of IM is comparable to IPM for high electric loading and much lower than IPM for low electric loading. The overall efficiency of IM is lower than IPM, and the maximum efficiency of copper squirrel cage IM is approximately 2-3 percent lower than IPM. The material cost of IM is about half of IPM when IM and IPM are designed with the same stator outer diameter and stack length. Originality/value – The electromagnetic performances and material costs of IM and IPM are quantitatively compared and discussed.

Resistive torque in permanent magnet couplings operating through a conductive wall

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1120-1133
Author(s):  
Thomas Rezek Matsumoto ◽  
Ivan Chabu
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Eddy Currents ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Analytical Formulation ◽  
Resistive Torque ◽  
Torque Transmission ◽  
Coupling Performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an analytical approach to determine the resistive torque caused by a conductive wall between the rotors of axial permanent magnet couplings. In this configuration, relative motion between the coupling rotors and the wall generates a resistive torque that is a consequence of the induced eddy currents in this barrier. Therefore, such induced resistive torque implies a reduction in the permanent magnet coupling performance, that is, its torque transmission capacity. Design/methodology/approach The developed resistive torque analytical formulation was based on eddy-current brakes of previous studies. To validate the proposed method, tests were conducted in a prototype and results were compared with analytical ones. Findings The analytical method showed a good correlation with the experiment data. Furthermore, a major degradation of the coupling capability to transmit torque was found because of the conductive wall presence, enhancing the importance of predicting such phenomenon when designing these devices. Originality/value A novel direct assessment of the resistive torque while in motion is presented in this paper. These measurements were of great importance to accurately compare the analytical and experimental data.

scholarly journals Magnetic Field Characteristics and Stator Core Losses of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dajun Tao ◽  
Kai Liang Zhou ◽  
Fei Lv ◽  
Qingpeng Dou ◽  
Jianxiao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor ◽  
Core Loss ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Synchronous Motor ◽  
Iron Core ◽  
Core Losses

This study focuses on the core losses in the stator region of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors, magnetic field characteristics in the load region, and variations in iron losses caused by changes in these areas. A two-pole 120 kW high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor is used as the object of study, and a two-dimensional transient electromagnetic field-variable load circuit combined calculation model is established. Based on electromagnetic field theory, the electromagnetic field of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor under multi-load conditions is calculated using the time-stepping finite element method. The magnetic field distribution of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor under a multi-load condition is obtained, and the variations in iron core losses in different parts of the motor under multi-load conditions are further analyzed. The calculation results show that most of the stator iron core losses are dissipated in the stator yoke. The stator yoke iron loss under the no-load condition exceeds 70% of the total stator iron core loss. The stator yoke iron loss under rated operation conditions exceeds 50% of the total stator iron core loss. The stator loss under rated load operation conditions is higher than that under no-load operation. These observations are sufficient to demonstrate that the running status of high-speed motors is closely related to the stator iron losses, which have significance in determining the reasonable yoke structure of high-speed and high-power motors and the cooling methods of motor stators.

Design of a small disc-type coreless permanent magnet brushed DC actuator

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 997-1010
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Alizadeh Pahlavani ◽  
Hamed Tahanian
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Small Disc ◽  
In Series ◽  
Slip Rings

Purpose Design of small disc-type permanent magnet (PM) brushed DC motors for servomechanisms is challenging. The purpose of this paper is to propose a special coreless double-sided structure. This easy to manufacture motor has two set of shifted concentrated windings on both sides of the rotor. All of the coils in each winding are simply connected in series. A simple arcless commutator, which shares the features of both the usual commutators and slip rings, is connected to each winding at only two points. Design/methodology/approach By replacing the PMs with an equivalent current density, main design equations of the motor have been derived through the solving of scalar Poisson equation. A radial division technique has been used to take the radial variations into account. This provides the ability of considering various shapes of coils and PMs. A novel iterative algorithm has been proposed to design a motor with high torque capability, compared to other coreless counterparts. Some design variables are obtained based on an independent optimization problem, which maximizes the active portion of windings. The other variables are calculated in such a way that the design requirements are satisfied. Findings The feasibility and capability of the new structure have been proved by prototyping a sample motor. Comparing the design outputs with the results of the 3D finite element analysis and experimental tests shows a good agreement. This verifies the accuracy of the proposed design method. Originality/value A new structure for PM brushed DC motors and a novel algorithm for its design has been developed.

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