scholarly journals Black Lives Matter in sport…?

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Hylton
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Black Experience ◽  
Ethnic And Racial Studies ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
The Individual

PurposeIn this invited professional insight paper the author draws parallels between recent debates on racism, Black Lives Matter and related research in sport and cognate domains.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on Critical Race Theory (CRT) the paper contends that 1) sport is a contested site, 2) sport is a microcosm of society 3) “race” and everyday racism are central to our understanding of sport. It overlays this critique with a recognition of the dynamic and multi-dimensional nature of racisms.FindingsWhile the deaths of Black lives are being mourned it is argued that our attention can also become distracted by narrow manifestations of racism (overt). Such approaches leave key stakeholders efforts focused on the individual to the detriment of challenging systemic policies, practices and dispositions that entrench racism. The color-coded racism of past decades is still with us but in addition to this, our critiques and activism require continued surveillance of cultural, institutional and structural arrangements in the everyday that remain nebulous, complex and difficult to challenge.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a viewpoint paper. The author draws on previous original empirical work and current insights to draw parallels between sport, Black Lives Matter and broader social contexts. Due to limitations in the extant literature in regard to the section on cycling and ethnicity, examples are drawn primarily from the US and UK.Practical implicationsThis focus on sport and leisure past times demonstrates that the Black experience of “race” and racism transcends social boundaries and cannot be perceived as restricted to narrow social domains.Social implicationsRacisms are embedded in society and therefore its cultural products of which sport is a significant one should not be marginalised in antiracism efforts and activist scholarship.Originality/valueThis paper draws on the author's original published research and current insights. The paper makes a contribution to the development of critical race theorising to the sociology of sport, and broader ethnic and racial studies.

Disaster racism: using Black sociology, critical race theory and history to understand racial disparity to disaster in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Breen
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Black People ◽  
The United States ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sociology Of Disaster ◽  
Black Sociology

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a call to action to use a new theoretical framework for disaster researchers that focuses on using a critical approach to understanding differential disaster impacts due to systemic racism.Design/methodology/approachUsing critical race theory (CRT) and Black Sociology, theoretical and disciplinary frameworks that center Black people and NBPOC as well as a focus in dismantling systemic racism and other oppressive systems, this article calls for a new approach – “disaster racism” – that builds on past discussions for a more nuanced theoretical approach to disaster studies.FindingsAlongside CRT and Black Sociology, this study identifies two examples of the oppressive systems that create disparate impacts to disaster including slavery and the legacy of slavery and mass incarceration.Originality/value“Disaster racism” – a critically focused approach – should be used in the future rather than social vulnerability to further dismantle oppressive systems and institutions, which not only provides strong theoretical backing to research but also creates an actively anti-racist research agenda in the discipline of sociology of disaster.

Self-organizing behavior in collective choice models: laboratory experiments

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Arango ◽  
Erik R. Larsen ◽  
Ann van Ackere
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Information Diffusion ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Queuing Systems ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider queuing systems where captive repeat customers select a service facility each period. Are people in such a distributed system, with limited information diffusion, able to approach optimal system performance? How are queues formed? How do people decide which queue to join based on past experience? The authors explore these questions, investigating the effect of information availability, as well as the effect of heterogeneous facility sizes, at the macro (system) and micro (individual performance) levels. Design/methodology/approach – Experimental economics, using a queuing experiment. Findings – The authors find little behavioural difference at the aggregate level, but observe significant variations at the individual level. This leads the authors to the conclusion that it is not sufficient to evaluate system performance by observing average customer allocation and sojourn times at the different facilities; one also needs to consider the individuals’ performance to understand how well the chosen design works. The authors also observe that better information diffusion does not necessarily improve system performance. Practical/implications – Evaluating system performance based on aggregate behaviour can be misleading; however, this is how many systems are evaluated in practice, when only aggregate performance measures are available. This can lead to suboptimal system designs. Originality/value – There has been little theoretical or empirical work on queuing systems with captive repeat customers. This study contributes to the understanding of decision making in such systems, using laboratory experiments based on the cellular automata approach, but with all agents replaced by humans.

scholarly journals Straddling Death and (Re)birth: A Disabled Latina’s Meditation on Collective Care and Mending in Pandemic Times

2020 ◽  
pp. 107780042096016
Author(s):  
Lisette E. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Critical Autoethnography ◽  
The Way

This critical autoethnography, informed by Critical Race Theory (CRT), intersectionality, and DisCrit, explores the lived experience of a disabled Latina mother-scholar during COVID-19. She uses meditation to think about macroscopic conceptions of independence and time, asking how COVID-19 has changed the way she relates to others and her scholarship. In the process of journaling and engaging in different evocative prompts, she has visceral responses to the death of George Floyd, the Black Lives Matter (BLM) Movement, and the suffering of Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) communities. The author realizes that contemplative methodologies should center collective care and mending to “let go” of White supremacy, ableism, and sexism.

“What’s Going On?”: A Critical Race Theory Perspective on Black Lives Matter and Activism in Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne D. Dixson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Students Of Color ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Racial Equity ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Black Lives Matter

This article explores activism, education, and the #BlackLivesMatter movement. Using critical race theory (CRT), I analyze what this emergence of primarily youth-led activism means in the context of decades of neoliberal education reform. I raise specific questions about how youth-led activism, which has its genesis in and is largely shaped by social media, not only reflects limited robust mainstream discourses on race but also a failure of education, particularly schools and districts that serve students of color in under-resourced urban communities, to teach about and contextualize other historical movements for justice and racial equity.

scholarly journals Social marketing’s consumer myopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Brennan ◽  
Josephine Previte ◽  
Marie-Louise Fry
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Individual

Purpose Addressing calls for broadening social marketing thinking beyond “individualistic” parameters, this paper aims to describe a behavioural ecological systems (BEM) approach to enhance understanding of social markets. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual framework – the BEM – is presented and discussed within a context of alcohol social change. Findings The BEM emphasises the relational nature of behaviour change, where individuals are embedded in an ecological system that involves the performances of behaviour and social change within historical, social, cultural, physical and environmental settings. Layers of influence on actors are characterised as macro (distant, large in scale), exo (external, remote from individuals), meso (between the individual and environments) and micro (the individual within their social setting). The BEM can be applied to guide social marketers towards creating solutions that focus on collaboration amongst market actors rather than among consumers. Practical implications The BEM contributes to a broader holistic view of social ecologies and behaviour change; emphasises the need for social marketers to embrace systems thinking; and recognises that relationships between actors at multiple layers in social change markets are interactive, collaborative and embedded in dynamic social contexts. Importantly, a behavioural ecological systems approach enables social marketers to develop coherent, integrated and multi-dimensional social change programmes. Originality/value The underlying premise of the BEM brings forward relational logic as the foundation for future social marketing theory and practice. Taking this approach to social market change focuses strategy on the intangible aspects of social offerings, inclusive of the interactions and processes of value creation (and/or destruction) within a social marketing system to facilitate collaboration and interaction across a network of actors so as to overcome barriers and identify solutions to social problems.

Neither-nor: career success of women in an Arab Middle Eastern context

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayfaa Tlaiss
Keyword(s):  
Women Managers ◽  
Career Success ◽  
Hegemonic Masculinity ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – Few studies examine the career success of women in the Arab Middle East. With that in mind, the purpose of this paper is to explore the conceptualizations of the career success of women managers in Lebanon. Drawing on the individual, behavioral, and structural approaches, this study also investigates the women’s approaches to career success. Capitalizing on the institutional theory (IT), the current investigation accounts for the complexity of the local context by illustrating how a diverse set of socio-cultural values and norms, institutional constraints, and individual agency impact the overall experience of career success among Arab women. Design/methodology/approach – This study is exploratory in nature and draws on a qualitative approach. In-depth, face-to-face, open-ended interviews were conducted with women managers across the managerial hierarchy in a wide range of industries, sectors, and organizations. Findings – The findings suggest that the Lebanese women managers’ career success was not conceptualized exclusively using the objective or the subjective measures. Rather, it was conceptualized on a continuum between these measures, thus challenging the rigid objective/subjective dichotomy in the context of Lebanon. The results also suggest that the career success of these women managers is better predicted and explained by the individual and behavioral approaches than by the traditional, structural approach. This empirical work sheds light on the gendered working conditions that women experience and how they capitalize on their individual agency to survive the hegemonic masculinity embedded in their workplaces, along with the inequalities that it promotes. Originality/value – This study is the first to explore the conceptualizations and the determinants of the career success of women managers in Lebanon. However, the originality of this paper is not only limited to its contribution to the limited research on the careers of Arab women; it also extends to its usage of various approaches to predict career success as well as to adapt IT as a theoretical framework for capturing the myriad of factors that impact women’s careers and success. The originality of this study also lies in advancing the theoretical concept of hegemonic masculinity into studies looking at Arab women’s career experiences by shedding some light on how the reproduction of gender, gendered working practices, and agency impact their career success.

Critical race theory will fuel US political divisions

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Professional Athletes ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Liberal Tradition ◽  
High School Classrooms ◽  
Colour Blindness

Significance CRT has become a new line of division between Democrats and civil rights reformers, for whom it accurately describes embedded racism, and some Republicans who regard it as an outdated set of beliefs about race that violate a liberal tradition of colour blindness. Impacts Despite the current political salience of CRT, the term is rarely used in elementary and high school classrooms. Critics of CRT see its influence ranging from university tenure battles to professional athletes taking the knee before games. For many companies, a desire to increase diversity and affirm commitments to equality will outweigh calls to criticise CRT.

Compulsive buying: the role of earlier-in-life events and experiences

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassiliki Grougiou ◽  
George Moschis ◽  
Ilias Kapoutsis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Compulsive Buying ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Compulsive Behaviors ◽  
Compulsive Consumption ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Consumption Habits

Purpose – This study aims to examine the effects of earlier-in-life family events and experiences on the development of compulsive buying behavior in later life. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on data collected from a self-administered survey of 285 young Greek adults. Findings – Young individuals appear to be particularly susceptible to their peers’ evaluations of consumption matters. However, those who experience family disruptions and have a low socio-economic status are least likely to communicate with their peers about consumer matters, possibly as a self-protection coping mechanism. Contrary to previous findings, family communication styles promote rather than deter the development of compulsive tendencies, suggesting the influence of other macro-environmental factors upon the development of young adults’ compulsive consumption tendencies. Social implications – Understanding the underlying mechanisms and contexts that promote the development of compulsive buying is imperative for deterring the onset of maladaptive consumption habits that have adverse effects on the individual and on society as a whole. Originality/value – Using the multi-theoretical life course paradigm, this study highlights the links between earlier-in-life experiences and social contexts to the onset and development of compulsive behaviors. The findings could assist public policy makers and parents to use strategies that would educate and protect future generations from developing compulsive consumption habits.

“WE LEARNED VIOLENCE FROM YOU”: DISCURSIVE PACIFICATION AND FRAMING CONTESTS DURING THE MINNEAPOLIS UPRISING

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-474
Author(s):  
Anna Dal Cortivo ◽  
Alyssa Oursler
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Racial Oppression ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Us History ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
State History ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
State And Local

Following the murder of George Floyd, Minneapolis became the epicenter of the largest movement in US history. Local Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests, dubbed the Minneapolis Uprising, were met by the largest civil police deployment in state history. In the week following George Floyd’s murder, state and local officials convened ten press conferences totaling over 400 minutes of discourse. We use these press conferences, in conjunction with an ethnography of protests, to analyze how state officials counterframed Black Lives Matter protests following the murder of George Floyd. Building on critical race theory, we consider how the state maneuvered to pacify Black Lives Matter protesters and maintain racial oppression and repression. Minneapolis state officials constructed their counterframe through the (re)ordering of disorder, boundary activation, co-optation, and erasure.

scholarly journals “I Cannot Hide My Anger to Spare You Guilt”: On BLMTO and Canadian Mainstream Media’s Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
Valentina Capurri
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Current Climate ◽  
The City

In this paper, I examine Canadian mainstream media’s response to Black Lives Matter Toronto, focusing in particular on two events that occurred in the city in the Summer of 2016 and Winter of 2017. By relying on Critical Race Theory, I argue that a White-dominated press has been unwilling to engage with the message presented by Black activists under the excuse that the tone of the message is overly harsh and threatening to White audiences. After analysing the historical roots of such a claim, I conclude that, in the current climate, there is no space for any dialogue in what remains an oppressor-oppressed relationship across the country, including in Toronto, Canada’s most multicultural city.

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