Heat and mass transfer characteristics of MHD three-dimensional flow over a stretching sheet filled with water-based alumina nanofluid

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sudarsan A. Reddy ◽  
A. Chamkha
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Stretching Sheet ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Velocity Slip ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Alumina Nanofluid

Purpose This paper aims to understand the influence of velocity slip, nanoparticle volume fraction, chemical reaction and non-linear thermal radiation on MHD three-dimensional heat and mass transfer boundary layer flow over a stretching sheet filled with water-based alumina nanofluid. To get more meaningful results, the authors have taken nonlinear thermal radiation in the heat transfer process. Design/methodology/approach Suitable similarity variables are introduced to convert governing partial differential equations into the set of ordinary differential equations, and are solved numerically using a versatile, extensively validated finite element method with Galerkin’s weighted residual simulation. The velocity, temperature and concentration profiles of nanoparticles as well as skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number for different non-dimensional parameters such as volume fraction, magnetic, radiation and velocity slip parameters as well as the Prandtl number are examined in detail, and are presented through plots and tables. Findings It is noticed that the rate of heat transfer enhances with higher values of nanoparticle volume fraction parameter. It is worth mentioning that the heat transfer rates improve as the values of increase. Increasing values of M, R, θw and β decelerates the thickness of the thermal boundary layer in the fluid regime. The heat transfer rates decelerate as the values of suction parameter increase. Originality/value The authors have written this paper based on the best of their knowledge on heat and mass transfer analysis of nanofluids. The information in this paper is new and not copied from any other sources.

Numerical investigation of three-dimensional nanofluid flow with heat and mass transfer on a nonlinearly stretching sheet using the barycentric functions

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya Torkaman ◽  
Ghasem Barid Loghmani ◽  
Mohammad Heydari ◽  
Abdul-Majid Wazwaz
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Stretching Sheet ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Operational Matrices ◽  
Nanofluid Flow ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nonlinearly Stretching Sheet

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate a three-dimensional boundary layer flow with considering heat and mass transfer on a nonlinearly stretching sheet by using a novel operational-matrix-based method. Design/methodology/approach The partial differential equations that governing the problem are converted into the system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with considering suitable similarity transformations. A direct numerical method based on the operational matrices of integration and product for the linear barycentric rational basic functions is used to solve the nonlinear system of ODEs. Findings Graphical and tabular results are provided to illustrate the effect of various parameters involved in the problem on the velocity profiles, temperature distribution, nanoparticle volume fraction, Nusselt and Sherwood number and skin friction coefficient. Comparison between the obtained results, numerical results based on the Maple's dsolve (type = numeric) command and previous existing results affirms the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method. Originality/value The motivation of the present study is to provide an effective computational method based on the operational matrices of the barycentric cardinal functions for solving the problem of three-dimensional nanofluid flow with heat and mass transfer. The convergence analysis of the presented scheme is discussed. The benefit of the proposed method (PM) is that, without using any collocation points, the governing equations are converted to the system of algebraic equations.

scholarly journals Magnetic Field Effect on the Double Diffusive Natural Convection in Three-Dimensional Cavity Filled with Micropolar Nanofluid

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awatef Abidi ◽  
Zehba Raizah ◽  
Jamel Madiouli
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Hartmann Number ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Micropolar Nanofluid ◽  
Nanoparticles Volume Fraction ◽  
Mass Transfers

This article presents a three-dimensional numerical investigation of heat and mass transfers and fluid flow in a cavity filled with an Al2O3/water micropolar fluid under uniform magnetic field. To solve the governing non-dimensional equations, Finite Volume Method (FVM) based on 3-D vorticity-vector potential formulation has been employed. The effects of various parameters such as buoyancy ratio (−2 ≤ N ≤ 0), Rayleigh number (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 105), Hartmann number (0≤ Ha≤ 60), nanoparticles volume fraction (0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.06) and micropolar material parameter (0≤ K≤ 5) on flow structure and on heat and mass transfers are presented. The results illustrate that for the micropolar nanofluid model, both heat and mass transfer rates and three-dimensional character of the flow are smaller when compared with the pure nanofluid model. It is also observed that increase and decrease in heat and mass transfer rates is experienced due to increase in Rayleigh number and Hartmann number, respectively. It is also noted that increase in vortex viscosity parameter reduces the average heat and mass transfer rates and is more evident when the magnetic field is imposed. Combined effects of magnetic field and nanoparticles volume fraction on heat and mass transfers are also explored.

Flow and heat transfer over a permeable moving wedge in a hybrid nanofluid with activation energy and binary chemical reaction

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Amira Zainal ◽  
Roslinda Nazar ◽  
Kohilavani Naganthran ◽  
Ioan Pop
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Nanofluid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Flow And Heat Transfer ◽  
Moving Wedge

Purpose The analysis of boundary layers is needed to reflect the behaviour of fluid flows in current industrial processes and to improve the efficacy of products. Hence, this study aims to analyse the flow and heat transfer performance of hybrid alumina-copper/water (Al2O3-Cu/H2O) nanofluid with the inclusion of activation energy and binary chemical reaction effect towards a moving wedge. Design/methodology/approach The multivariable differential equations with partial derivatives are converted into a specific type of ordinary differential equations by using valid similarity transformations. The reduced mathematical model is elucidated in the MATLAB system by using the bvp4c procedure. This solution method is competent in delivering multiple solutions once appropriate assumptions are supplied. Findings The results of multiple control parameters have been studied, and the findings are verified to provide more than one solution. The coefficient of skin friction was discovered to be increased by adding nanoparticles volume fraction from 0% to 0.5% and 1%, by almost 1.6% and 3.2%. Besides, increasing the nanoparticles volume fraction improves heat transfer efficiency gradually. The inclusion of the activation energy factor displays a downward trend in the mass transfer rates, consequently reducing the concentration profile. In contrast, the increment of the binary reaction rate greatly facilitates the augmentation of mass transfer rates. There is a significant enhancement in the heat transfer rate, approximately 13.2%, when the suction effect dominates about 10% in the boundary layer flow. Additionally, the results revealed that as the activation energy rises, the temperature and concentration profiles rise as well. It is proved that the activation energy parameter boosts the concentration of chemical species in the boundary layer. A similar pattern emerges as the wedge angle parameter increases. The current effort aims to improve the thermal analysis process, particularly in real-world applications such as geothermal reservoirs, chemical engineering and food processing, which often encountered mass transfer phenomenon followed by chemical reactions with activation energy. Originality/value The present results are original and new for the study of flow and heat transfer over a permeable moving wedge in a hybrid nanofluid with activation energy and binary chemical reaction.

Transport phenomena in MHD mixed convective nanofluid flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 769-791
Author(s):  
Prabhugouda Mallanagouda Patil ◽  
Shashikant A. ◽  
Ebrahim Momoniat
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Rate ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Wall Heat Transfer ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Nanofluid Flow ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transfer Rates

Purpose This study aims to investigate the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic mixed convective nanofluid flow by using Buongiorno two-phase model to achieve an appropriate mechanism to improve the efficiency of solar energy systems by mitigating the energy losses. Design/methodology/approach The transport phenomena occurring in this physical problem are modelled using nonlinear partial differential equations and are non-dimensionalised by using non-similar transformations. The quasilinearisation technique is used to solve the resulting system with the help of a finite difference scheme. Findings The study reveals that the effect of the applied transverse magnetic parameter is to increase the temperature profile and to reduce the wall heat transfer rate. The Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis parameters that characterise the nanofluids contribute to the reduction in wall heat transfer rate. The presence of nanoparticles in the fluid gives rise to critical values for the thermophoresis parameter describing the behaviour of the wall heat and mass transfer rates. Wall heating and cooling are analysed by considering the percentage increase or percentage decrease in the heat and mass transfer rates in the presence of nanoparticles in the fluid. Research limitations/implications The investigation on wall cooling/heating leads to the analysis of control parameters applicable to the industrial design of thermal systems for energy storage, energy harvesting and cooling applications. Practical implications The analysis of the control parameters is of practical value to the solar industry. Social implications In countries, such as South Africa, daily power cuts are a reality. Any research into improving the quality of energy obtained from alternate sources is a national necessity. Originality/value From the literature survey in the present study, it is found that no similar work has been reported in the open literature that analyses the time-dependent mixed convection flow along the exponentially stretching surface in the presence of the effects of a magnetic field, nanoparticles and non-similar solutions.

Algebraic solutions of flow and heat for some nanofluids over deformable and permeable surfaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2259-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Turkyilmazoglu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Temperature Jump ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Velocity Slip ◽  
Jump Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Layer Flow ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Algebraic Solutions

Purpose This paper aims to working out exact solutions for the boundary layer flow of some nanofluids over porous stretching/shrinking surfaces with different configurations. To serve to this aim, five types of nanoparticles together with the water as base fluid are under consideration, namely, Ag, Cu, CuO, Al2O3 and TiO2. Design/methodology/approach The physical flow is affected by the presence of velocity slip as well as temperature jump conditions. Findings The knowledge on the influences of nanoparticle volume fraction on the practically significant parameters, such as the skin friction and the rate of heat transfer, for the above considered nanofluids, is easy to gain from the extracted explicit formulas. Originality/value Particularly, formulas clearly point that the heat transfer rate is not only dependent on the thermal conductivity of the material but it also highly relies on the heat capacitance as well as the density of the nanofluid under consideration.

Fluid flow and heat transfer of a stratified system during natural convection – influence of chamfered corners

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 470-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Rahimi ◽  
Aravindhan Surendar ◽  
Aygul Z. Ibatova ◽  
Abbas Kasaeipoor ◽  
Emad Hasani Malekshah
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Natural Convection ◽  
Entropy Generation ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solid Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Immiscible Fluids ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flow And Heat Transfer

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the three-dimensional natural convection and entropy generation in the rectangular cuboid cavities included by chamfered triangular partition made by polypropylene. Design/methodology/approach The enclosure is filled by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-H2O nanofluid and air as two immiscible fluids. The finite volume approach is used for computation. The fluid flow and heat transfer are considered with combination of local entropy generation due to fluid friction and heat transfer. Moreover, a numerical method is developed based on three-dimensional solution of Navier–Stokes equations. Findings Effects of side ratio of triangular partitions (SR = 0.5, 1 and 2), Rayleigh number (103 < Ra < 105) and solid volume fraction (f = 0.002, 0.004 and 0.01 Vol.%) of nanofluid are investigated on both natural convection characteristic and volumetric entropy generation. The results show that the partitions can be a suitable method to control fluid flow and energy consumption, and three-dimensional solutions renders more accurate results. Originality/value The originality of this work is to study the three-dimensional natural convection and entropy generation of a stratified system.

Hall and ion slip current’s impact on magneto-sodium alginate hybrid nanoliquid past a moving vertical plate with ramped heating, velocity slip and Darcy effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ali ◽  
Soma Mitra Banerjee ◽  
S. Das
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Velocity Slip ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Transform Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Slip Effects ◽  
Ion Slip

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze an unsteady MHD Darcy flow of nonNewtonian hybrid nanoliquid past an exponentially accelerated vertical plate under the influence of velocity slip, Hall and ion slip effects in a rotating frame of reference. The fluids in the flow domain are assumed to be viscously incompressible electrically conducting. Sodium alginate (SA) has been taken as a base Casson liquid. A strong uniform magnetic field is applied under the assumption of low magnetic Reynolds number. Effect of Hall and ion-slip currents on the flow field is examined. The ramped heating and time-varying concentration at the plate are taken into consideration. First-order homogeneous chemical reaction and heat absorption are also considered. Copper and alumina nanoparticles are dispersed in base fluid sodium alginate to be formed as hybrid nanoliquid.Design/methodology/approachThe model problem is first formulated in terms of partial differential equations (PDEs) with physical conditions. Laplace transform method (LTM) is used on the nondimensional governing equations for their closed-form solution. Based on these results, expressions for nondimensional shear stresses, rate of heat and mass transfer are also determined. Graphical presentations are chalked out to inspect the impacts of physical parameters on the pertinent physical flow characteristics. Numerical values of the shear stresses, rate of heat and mass transfer at the plate are tabulated for various physical parameters.FindingsNumerical exploration reveals that a significant increase in the secondary flow (i.e. crossflow) near the plate is guaranteed with an augmenting in Hall parameter or ion slip parameter. MHD and porosity have an opposite effect on velocity component profiles for both types of nanoliquids. Result addresses that both shear stresses are strongly enhanced by the Casson effect. Also, hybrid nanosuspension in Casson fluid (sodium alginate) exhibits a lower rate of heat transfer than usual nanoliquid.Social implicationsThis model may be pertinent in cooling processes of metallic infinite plate in bath and hybrid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generators, metallurgical process, manufacturing dynamics of nanopolymers, magnetic field control of material processing, synthesis of smart polymers, making of paper and polyethylene, casting of metals, etc.Originality/valueThe originality of this study is to obtain an analytical solution of the modeled problem by using the Laplace transform method (LTM). Such an exact solution of nonNewtonian fluid flow, heat and mass transfer is rare in the literature. It is also worth remarking that the influence of Hall and ion slip effects on the flow of nonNewtonian hybrid nanoliquid is still an open question.

Unsteady convective heat and mass transfer of a nanofluid in Howarth’s stagnation point by Buongiorno’s model

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1176-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Dinarvand ◽  
Reza Hosseini ◽  
Ioan Pop
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Nusselt Number ◽  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Stagnation Point ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stagnation Point Flow ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Buongiorno’S Model ◽  
Brownian Motion And Thermophoresis

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to do a comprehensive study on the unsteady general three-dimensional stagnation-point flow and heat transfer of a nanofluid by Buongiorno’s model. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, the convective transport equations include the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis. By introducing new similarity transformations for velocity, temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction, the basic equations governing the flow, heat and mass transfer are reduced into highly non-linear ordinary differential equations. The resulting non-linear system has been solved both analytically and numerically. Findings – The analysis shows that velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration profiles in the respective boundary layers depend on five parameters, namely unsteadiness parameter A, Brownian motion parameter Nb, thermophoresis parameter Nt, Prandtl number Pr and Lewis number Le. It is found that the thermal boundary layer thickens with a rise in both of the Brownian motion and the thermophoresis effects. Therefore, similar to the earlier reported results, the Nusselt number decreases as the Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects become stronger. A correlation for the Nusselt number has been developed based on a regression analysis of the data. This correlation predicts the numerical results with a maximum error of 9 percent for a usual domain of the physical parameters. Originality/value – The stagnation point flow toward a wavy cylinder (with nodal and saddle stagnation points) that a little attention has been given to it up to now. The examination of unsteadiness effect on the general three-dimensional stagnation-point flow. The application of an interesting and global model (Boungiorno’s model) for the nanofluid that incorporates the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis. The study of the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis on the nanofluid flow, heat and mass transfer characteristics. The prediction of correlation for the Nusselt number based on a regression analysis of the data. General speaking, we can tell the problem with this geometry, characteristics, the applied model, and comprehensive results, was Not studied and analyzed in literature up to now.

Numerical simulation of unsteady double-diffusive natural convection within an inclined parallelepipedic enclosure

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1450058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakher Oueslati ◽  
Brahim Ben-Beya ◽  
Taieb Lili
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Flow Energy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inclination Angles ◽  
Volume Method ◽  
Buoyancy Ratio ◽  
Double Diffusive

Unsteady three-dimensional (3D) double diffusive convection in tilted enclosure having a parallelepipedic shape has been analyzed numerically. The governing unsteady, 3D flow, energy and concentration transport equations, have been solved using an accelerated multigrid implicit volume method. Main attention was paid to the effects of the Rayleigh number Ra , buoyancy ratio N and the inclination angle γ of the cavity on the flow structure and heat and mass transfer rates. Typical distributions of velocity contours, temperature and concentration fields in wide range of defining parameters 103 ≤ Ra ≤ 2 × 104, -5 ≤ N ≤ 5 have been obtained. It is found, that the optimal heat and mass transfer rates for the aiding situation have been observed at two particular inclination angles namely 30° and 75° about the horizontal direction. It should be noted that the flow undergoes a periodic behavior for particular parameters Ra = 104 and γ = 75° according to the aiding flow case. The results also suggest that when N is in range -2 ≤ N ≤ -0.6, the flow continues to be three-dimensional keeping different heat and mass rates. Furthermore, it has been argued that the 2D assumption can be adopted for the 3D flows when the buoyancy ratio N is in range (-0.5–0).

Forced convection heat and mass transfer of MHD nanofluid flow inside a porous microchannel with chemical reaction on the walls

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 2419-2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Moshizi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Uniform Magnetic Field ◽  
Hartmann Number ◽  
Total Heat ◽  
Slip Parameter ◽  
Total Heat Transfer ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on convective heat and mass transfer characteristics of Cu-water nanofluid inside a porous microchannel in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. The walls of the microchannel are subjected to constant asymmetric heat fluxes and also the first order catalytic reaction. To represent the non-equilibrium region near the surfaces, the Navier’s slip condition is considered at the surfaces because of the non-adherence of the fluid-solid interface and the microscopic roughness in microchannels. Design/methodology/approach – Employing the Brinkman model for the flow in the porous medium and the “clear fluid compatible” model as a viscous dissipation model, the conservative partial differential equations have been transformed into a system of ordinary ones via the similarity variables. Closed form exact solutions are obtained analytically based on dimensionless parameters of velocity, temperature and species concentration. Findings – Results show that the addition of Cu-nanoparticles to the fluid has a significant influence on decreasing concentration, temperature distribution at the both walls and velocity profile along the microchannel. In addition, total heat transfer in microchannel increases as nanoparticles add to the fluid. Slip parameter and Hartmann number have the decreasing effects on concentration and temperature distributions. Slip parameter leads to increase velocity profiles, while Hartmann number has an opposite trend in velocity profiles. These two parameters increase the total heat transfer rate significantly. Originality/value – In the present study, a comprehensive analytical solution has been obtained for convective heat and mass transfer characteristics of Cu-water nanofluid inside a porous microchannel in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. Finally, the effects of several parameters such as Darcy number, nanoparticle volume fraction, slip parameter, Hartmann number, Brinkman number, asymmetric heat flux parameter, Soret and Damkohler numbers on total heat transfer rate and fluid flow profiles are studied in more detail. To the best of author’s knowledge, no study has been conducted to this subject and the results are original.

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