Decision modeling of risks in pharmaceutical supply chains

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 1388-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Moktadir ◽  
Syed Mithun Ali ◽  
Sachin Kumar Mangla ◽  
Tasnim Ahmed Sharmy ◽  
Sunil Luthra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chains ◽  
The Stability

Purpose Managing risks is becoming a highly focused activity in the health service sector. In particular, due to the complex nature of processes in the pharmaceutical industry, several risks have been associated to its supply chains. The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the risks occurring in the supply chains of the pharmaceutical industry and propose a decision model, based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, for evaluating risks in pharmaceutical supply chains (PSCs). Design/methodology/approach The proposed model was developed based on the Delphi method and AHP techniques. The Delphi method helped to select the relevant risks associated to PSCs. A total of 16 sub risks within four main risks were identified through an extensive review of the literature and by conducting a further investigation with experts from five pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh. AHP contributed to the analysis of the risks and determination of their priorities. Findings The results of the study indicated that supply-related risks such as fluctuation in imports arrival, lack of information sharing, key supplier failure and non-availability of materials should be prioritized over operational, financial and demand-related risks. Originality/value This work is one of the initial contributions in the literature that focused on identifying and evaluating PSC risks in the context of Bangladesh. This research work can assist practitioners and industrial managers in the pharmaceutical industry in taking proactive action to minimize its supply chain risks. To the end, the authors performed a sensitivity analysis test, which gives an understanding of the stability of ranking of risks.

Disturbances rejection based on sliding mode control

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taimoor ◽  
Li Aijun ◽  
Rooh ul Amin
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode Control ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Longitudinal Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Longitudinal Dynamics ◽  
Rejection Algorithm ◽  
Mode Control ◽  
The Stability

Purpose The purpose of this paper aims to investigate an effective algorithm for different types of disturbances rejection. New dynamics are designed based on disturbance. Observer-based sliding mode control (SMC) technique is used for approximation the disturbances as well as to stabilize the system effectively in presence of uncertainties. Design/methodology/approach This research work investigates the disturbances rejection algorithm for fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle. An algorithm based on SMC is introduced for disturbances rejection. Two types of disturbances are considered, the constant disturbance and the sinusoidal disturbance. The comprehensive lateral and longitudinal models of the system are presented. Two types of dynamics, the dynamics without disturbance and the new dynamics with disturbance, are presented. An observer-based algorithm is presented for the estimation of the dynamics with disturbances. Intensive simulations and experiments have been performed; the results not only guarantee the robustness and stability of the system but the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm as well. Findings In previous research work, new dynamics based on disturbances rejection are not investigated in detail; in this research work both the lateral and longitudinal dynamics with different disturbances are investigated. Practical implications As the stability is always important for flight, so the algorithm proposed in this research guarantees the robustness and rejection of disturbances, which plays a vital role in practical life for avoiding any kind of damage. Originality/value In the previous research work, new dynamics based on disturbances rejection are not investigated in detail; in this research work both the lateral and longitudinal dynamics with different disturbances are investigated. An observer-based SMC not only approximates the different disturbances and also these disturbances are rejected in order to guarantee the effectiveness and robustness.

Characteristics of Pharmaceutical Supply Chains

2019 ◽  
pp. 181-205
Author(s):  
Senthil Kumar Ponnusamy ◽  
Anbalagan Saravanan
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Process Operations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chains ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Cost

The pharmaceutical supply chain is presently a noteworthy research topic in process operations and administration. A lot of research has been embraced on office area and configuration, stock and circulation arranging, limit and generation arranging, and point-by-point planning. Just a little extent of this work straightforwardly addresses the issues confronted in the pharmaceutical division. The pharmaceutical industry is facing extraordinary difficulties caused by a maturing population, the expanding expense of medicinal services, the priority given by the governments to bring down the cost of medications, boundaries to a passage in developing markets, and the more extensive reception of non-specific medications. These are quite recently a portion of the many difficulties making weight on the overall revenue of pharmaceutical firms. Expanded expenses of R&D and a diminished number of affirmed sedates additionally demonstrates that the lion's share of prescription, which is anything but difficult to find, has just been found.

Organised crime will gain from world vaccine shortages

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Organised Crime ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Illicit Trade ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chains ◽  
Vaccine Shortages

Significance However, it is vast global demand for the restricted supply of COVID-19 vaccines that offers the most alluring prize for criminal gangs. Black markets thrive in situations where demand outstrips supply, and there has long been an illicit trade in medicines. Impacts Countries with underdeveloped pharmaceutical supply chains will be vulnerable to theft and diversion of vaccine supplies. Government vaccine strategies could be undermined by high-profile black market vaccine scandals that damage public trust. Pharmaceutical companies are vulnerable to reputational damage if their supply chains are found to be tampered with. Criminal profits will fund other illegal activities such as trafficking of people, drugs and arms.

Strategic issues in pharmaceutical supply chains: a review

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kr. Singh ◽  
Ravinder Kumar ◽  
Pravin Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sector ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chains

Purpose In the present context of a health-concious society, management of pharmaceutical supply chains has become more complex because it involves the life-saving interest of human being and requires the participation of different stakeholders such as pharmaceutical manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, customers, information service providers and regulatory agencies. Limited research is available in the area of pharmaceutical supply chains. This paper aims to find the gaps in the literature by reviewing research papers on different strategic issues of supply chain management in the pharmaceutical sector. Design/methodology/approach In total, 136 research papers, mainly from refereed international journals, were reviewed to identify the issues of supply chain management (SCM) in the pharmaceutical supply chain. On the basis of a review, gaps are identified and research agenda is proposed. Findings It is observed from review that the pharmaceutical sector is not widely researched in developing countries because of many complexities in this supply chain. The share of pharmaceutical firms in the global market is also not very significant. Based on an extensive review of pharmaceutical supply chains, research gaps are identified in different areas such as inventory management, new product development, process development, capacity planning, network design, plant design, pipeline and development management, outsourcing logistics activities, reverse logistics, Lean manufacturing, green SCM and implementation of E-business processes and performance management. These strategic issues have been further classified into three broad categories, i.e. resources, processes and performance. Originality/value This paper explores major strategic areas of pharmaceutical supply chains for research. Findings of the paper will be highly useful for researchers to decide direction of future research.

Managing long supply chain networks: some emerging issues and challenges

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipul Jain ◽  
Lyes Benyoucef
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
New Products ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Networks ◽  
The Future

PurposeThe emergence of new manufacturing technologies, spurred by intense competition, will lead to dramatically new products and processes. New management systems, organizational structures, and decision‐making methods will also emerge as complements to new products and processes. This paper attempts to investigate technologies, systems and paradigms for the effective management of networked enterprise (supply chain networks), especially long supply chains. In doing so, the paper presents not only an exhaustive literature review to identify the complexities, gaps and challenges associated with long supply chains but also the emerging enabling technologies to support these gaps and challenges.Design/methodology/approachThe approach takes the form of an interview of industrials, researchers and a literature review.Findings“Competition in the future will not be between individual enterprises but between competing supply chains.” Business opportunities are captured by groups of enterprises in the same enterprise network. This is due to the global competition that forces enterprises to focus on their core competences.Practical implicationsThe paper presents a vision of the future technical issues relating to long supply chains and an insight into the future scientific and industrial advances required to meet future market and public demands.Originality/valueThis research work highlights the research issues and discusses the key enabling features, which will need to evolve and be perfected in industry in the future manufacturing networked enterprises and especially long manufacturing supply chains.

A framework to study vendors’ contribution in a client vendor relationship in information technology service outsourcing in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Mathur Jain ◽  
Reema Khurana
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Zone ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Service Outsourcing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technology Service ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The information technology (IT) industry has been continuously expanding. This has resulted in promoting outsourcing of work by clients to vendors. Most of the published research has focussed on when clients should start outsourcing, what to outsource, criteria for vendor selection, etc., however the vendor side of the relationship has been mostly ignored. The purpose of this paper is to delve deep into the vendors’ side and what aspects a vendor needs to consider in order to maintain a good relationship with the clients. Design/methodology/approach – The research design of the paper is to use literature survey to define the components of the client vendor relationship (CVR), identify the parameters impacting the relationship, establish correlation between the independent variables and the dependent variable; subsequently to propose a framework for the CVR. Findings – The findings have been that – communication, technical value addition, knowledge sharing and client vendor adaptability are vital to any outsourcing engagement and if the vendor is able to get good knowledge transfer of the application at hand and the business domain, it can perform better. Vendors, which proactively resolve issues, ensure stable deliveries before time and identify improvements in the software outside the work assigned maintain better relationship. Further a vendor must be adaptable to clients, cultural, time zone differences, should provide a good project manager and be ready to change tools, resources as per client needs. As long as the vendor is able to ensure the above, the stability of the client country and need for information security is not as important to vendors. Research limitations/implications – The study has limitations as it focusses on the vendors’ side and is inclined toward Indian vendors’ perspectives. Future research can include client as well and can be conducted for a different geography. Originality/value – The research work is original and adds value to the IT service outsourcing industry by identifying the parameters which need to be monitored for a sustainable CVR.

Streamlining humanitarian and peacekeeping supply chains

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Merminod ◽  
Jean Nollet ◽  
Gilles Pache
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Electronic Documents ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Organizational Stability ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One

Purpose – Over the last decade, temporary supply chains (TSCs) have become a well-recognized logistics model. In TSCs, supply chain members are organized for an ad hoc project; they pool resources in order to make the project successful. Although it might be perceived that TSCs are unstable due to their temporary nature, this paper aims to discuss how TSCs can be managed so as to be both stable and agile, while achieving the stated objectives; since the stability-agility context could be really challenging in humanitarian and peacekeeping supply chains, this is the one that has been selected. Design/methodology/approach – The authors reviewed the literature, research reports and electronic documents on humanitarian and peacekeeping supply chains, to understand the main challenges in terms of managerial and social impacts of logistical operations in a disaster context. Findings – The disaster context is very peculiar, since it requires tremendous agility when a natural or man-made catastrophe hits, so that as many lives as possible can be saved and that the situation could get back rapidly to a relatively normal level. The paper shows that TSCs require an advanced level of time and organizational stability of the human and material resources involved in order to be highly flexible. In other words, an efficient TSC relies on “anticipated responsiveness”, a major managerial challenge in the years to come. Originality/value – The paper clarifies the management of humanitarian and peacekeeping supply chains and identifies the importance of anticipation capability to improve logistical responsiveness.

A study on the influence of factors associated with organizational readiness for change in healthcare organizations using TISM

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1290-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Vaishnavi ◽  
M. Suresh ◽  
Pankaj Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Readiness For Change ◽  
Organizational Readiness ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Readiness For Change ◽  
Expert Interview

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify, analyze and develop a model to measure the interactions among different factors of organizational readiness for change in service sector specific to healthcare organization. The total interpretive structural modeling (TISM)-based readiness for change is to build a theoretical framework to understand the mutual interactions among the factors and to identify the driving and dependence power of these factors. Design/methodology/approach TISM is used to identify factors that contribute to analyze the readiness state before starting a change implementation process in healthcare. Matrice d’Impacts croises-multiplication applique´ a classement analysis is used to find the driving and dependent factors of change in healthcare. Findings This paper identified 12 factors of readiness for change from literature review followed by expert interview to understand the inner connection of factors and study inner relationships. The result says that state of affairs, recent trends in healthcare sector, technology advancement and interdependence among departments are key factors for readiness of change. Research limitations/implications This research mainly focused on readiness factors for change in the healthcare sector. Practical implications This study will be useful for researcher and practitioners to understand the readiness factors for change. Originality/value In this research work, TISM-based readiness for the change framework structural model has been proposed for healthcare organizations which is a new effort in the area of organizational change management in this sector.

Equality in the workplace: a study of gender issues in Indian organisations

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Kaushik ◽  
Anita Sharma ◽  
Veerander Kumar Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – In developing countries like India, changing economic and social condition necessitated working of women irrespective of their religion, class or social status. But at the same time, it raised number of related issues like managing for family adjustment, working environment, etc. The purpose of this paper is to study gender issues like gender stereotype, gender discrimination and sexual harassment in the context of Indian environment. Design/methodology/approach – A structured questionnaire was developed to collect primary data from 500 firms in India. The data collected through questionnaire was coded and tabulated keeping in context with the objective of the study and was analysed by calculating frequencies, factor analysis and one way analysis of variance. Findings – Results elucidate seven job-related factors (infrastructure, HR functions, organisational climate, legal pursuit, empowerment, training and development and ethical concerns) and two individual factors (interpersonal and mindset) that are considered essential for women employees in Indian organisations. Analysis indicates that though age and level of management has no significant effect on these factors but male and female respondents differ significantly on their opinion regarding these issues. Research limitations/implications – The respondents in present study have been taken mainly from service sector, manufacturing sector and education sector, thus the study looks at only organised sector. The research work suffers from the usual limitations of survey research method. Practical implications – With women becoming an integral part of the workforce, managers must examine their reliance on stereotypical views concerning women. Gender is a socio-cultural phenomenon and organisations are a key aspect of a given culture. Organisational analysis needs to take into account the relationship between gender, gender stereotypes and organisational life. Originality/value – The paper studies gender issues of gender stereotype, gender discrimination and sexual harassment on a pan India basis covering various sectors and contribute to the subject from Indian perspective.

A 3-R principle for characterizing failure in relief supply chains’ response to natural disasters

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imoh Antai ◽  
Crispin Mutshinda ◽  
Richard Owusu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Humanitarian Relief ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce a 3R (right time, right place, and right material) principle for characterizing failure in humanitarian/relief supply chains’ response to natural disasters, and describes a Bayesian methodology of the failure odds with regard to external factors that may affect the disaster-relief outcome, and distinctive supply chain proneness to failure. Design/methodology/approach – The suggested 3Rs combine simplicity and completeness, enclosing all aspects of the 7R principle popular within business logistics. A fixed effects logistic regression model is designed, with a Bayesian approach, to relate the supply chains’ odds for success in disaster-relief to potential environmental predictors, while accounting for distinctive supply chains’ proneness to failure. Findings – Analysis of simulated data demonstrate the model’s ability to distinguish relief supply chains with regards to their disaster-relief failure odds, taking into account pertinent external factors and supply chain idiosyncrasies. Research limitations/implications – Due to the complex nature of natural disasters and the scarcity of subsequent data, the paper employs computer-simulated data to illustrate the implementation of the proposed methodology. Originality/value – The 3R principle offers a simple and familiar basis for evaluating failure in relief supply chains’ response to natural disasters. Also, it brings the issues of customer orientation within humanitarian relief and supply operations to the fore, which had only been implicit within the humanitarian and relief supply chain literature.

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