Determinants of adoption of modern rice varieties in rural Vietnam: a double-hurdle approach

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Tien Thanh ◽  
Pham Bao Duong
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tobit Models ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Double Hurdle ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Probability Of Adoption

PurposeThis article aims to examine the determinants of farmers' decisions on the adoption of modern rice varieties in two stages, including whether to adopt and, if so, how much to adopt.Design/methodology/approachThe Double-Hurdle and Tobit models are applied to determine whether farmers make their two-stage decisions separately or simultaneously.FindingsThe findings reveal that farmers make their decisions on the probability of adoption and the intensity of adoption separately. Ethnicity, agricultural labor, land, rice production asset and non-farm self-employment are determinants of the farmers' decision on the adoption of modern rice varieties in both stages. Previous adoption, gender and an irrigation program only have a significant effect on the farmers' probability of adoption, while the market only significantly explains the farmers' decision on the intensity of adoption.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the unavailability of data, this article does not include the attributes of the rice varieties or farmers' perception about the varieties in the model.Originality/valueThe uniqueness of this research is that it attempts to examine the determinants of farmers' two-stage decisions on whether to adopt and how much to adopt the modern rice varieties by application of the Double-Hurdle method.

Does coffee taste better with latte art? A neuroscientific perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Hsu ◽  
Yen-Jung Chen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Bayesian Statistics ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Original Contribution

PurposeVisual stimulation affects the taste of food and beverages. This study aimed to understand how latte art affects coffee consumption by collecting participants' brainwave data and their taste responses.Design/methodology/approachSeventy subjects participated in a two-stage experiment. Electroencephalography (EEG) was employed to measure brainwave activity. With an interval of one week, each stage involved coffee consumption with and without latte art. The responses to the taste of the coffee were also collected for analysis.FindingsSignificant differences were found in the participants' alpha and beta brainwave bands. When drinking coffee with latte art, the participants' alpha bands were significantly lower, whereas the beta bands were higher. These findings were supported by Bayesian statistics. A significant increase was found in the participants' taste of sweetness and acidity with latte art, and Bayesian statistics confirmed the results for sweetness although the evidence on the increase in acidity was anecdotal. No difference was found in the taste of bitterness.Originality/valueThis study highlights the effect of latte art on coffee consumption. The authors analysed the empirical evidence from this two-stage experimental study in the form of the participants' brainwave data and their responses to taste. This study's original contribution is that it explored the crossmodal effects of latte art on consumers' taste of coffee from a neuroscientific perspective. The results of this study can provide empirical evidence on how to effectively use latte art in practical business environments.

scholarly journals Self-employment, the informal economy and the marginalisation thesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin C Williams ◽  
Ioana Alexandra Horodnic
Keyword(s):  
Informal Economy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Do So

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate which groups of the self-employed engage in the informal economy. Until now, self-employed people participating in the informal economy have been predominantly viewed as marginalised populations such as those on a lower income and living in deprived regions (i.e. the “marginalisation thesis”). However, an alternative emergent “reinforcement thesis” conversely views the marginalised self-employed as less likely to do so. Until now, no known studies have evaluated these competing perspectives. Design/methodology/approach – To do this, the author report a 2013 survey conducted across 28 countries involving 1,969 face-to-face interviews with the self-employed about their participation in the informal economy. Findings – Using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analysis, the finding is that the marginalisation thesis applies when examining characteristics such as the age, marital status, tax morality, occupation and household financial circumstances of the self-employed engaged in the informal economy. However, when gender and regional variations are analysed, the reinforcement thesis is valid. When characteristics such as the urban-rural divide and educational level are analysed, no evidence is found to support either the marginalisation or reinforcement thesis. Research limitations/implications – The outcome is a call for a more nuanced understanding of the marginalisation thesis that the self-employed participating in the informal economy are largely marginalised populations. Originality/value – This is the first extensive evaluation of which self-employed groups participate in the informal economy.

What drives the boom in outward FDI from India?

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munmi Saikia ◽  
Khanindra Ch. Das ◽  
Saundarjya Borbora
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Outward Fdi ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Stage Process

PurposeThe Indian economy has experienced a boom in outward FDI (OFDI) in 2006. The study aims at exploring the factors that drive the boom in OFDI of Indian firms.Design/methodology/approachThe participation of a firm in OFDI is a two-stage process -first, the decision to internationalization and second, how much to invest. We employ a two-stage model to decompose the effects on the decision to internationalization from effects on how much to invest. The two-stage model has the advantage of allowing us to estimate separately the probability of internationalization by a firm – Pr(OFDI > 0) – and the expected volume of investment, E(OFDI|OFDI > 0). The former is estimated by the probit model and the latter is estimated by the ordinary least square model.FindingsThe study finds that prior experience and institutional advantage can strongly drive the internationalization of Indian multinationals. The study also examines the relative importance of two aspects of prior knowledge – length of prior knowledge and depth of prior knowledge on OFDI of Indian firms. The study finds that the depth of prior knowledge is a must influential driver of OFDI in comparison to its length.Originality/valueThe present study is a novel attempt to investigate, ‘What drives the boom in OFDI from India?’

Determinants of immigrant self-employment in Spain

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begoña Cueto ◽  
Vanesa Rodríguez Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine immigrant self-employment in Spain. The study aims to determine the likelihood of immigrants being self-employed, the differences between Spaniards and immigrants in terms of self-employment and differences among immigrants from different regions of origin. Design/methodology/approach – Data from the Labour Force Survey for 2005-2011 are used for a descriptive analysis of self-employment. Logit regressions allow us to study the determinants of immigrant self-employment. Findings – Unlike research conducted in other countries, the rate of immigrant self-employment in Spain is lower than that of nationals, although differences exist according to the region of origin. Men and older individuals are more likely to be self-employed. Those with higher levels of education are also more likely to be self-employed – this may be attributable to the decreased availability of skilled positions for immigrants. Research limitations/implications – The sample size does not allow for differential analyses regarding the region of origin or the existence and influence of enclaves. Practical implications – Self-employment may be an opportunity for immigrants to improve their position in the labour market, especially in the case of highly skilled workers. Originality/value – In Spain, analyses of immigrant self-employment are rare and generally focus on case studies. However, this study covers the whole population within a highly specific economic situation.

Self-employment: the significance of ability, desire and opportunity

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-552
Author(s):  
Per Broomé ◽  
Henrik Ohlsson
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Genetic Factor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sibling Pairs ◽  
Full Sibling ◽  
Twin Model ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Family Factor ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Half Sibling

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of ability, desire and opportunity on the individual’s intention to be self-employed.Design/methodology/approachThe authors created a database from Swedish national registers consisting of all individuals residing in Sweden sometime during the period 1997-2010 and selected all 333,001 full sibling pairs, 12,810 maternal half sibling pairs and 15,944 paternal half sibling pairs. Three types of entrepreneurs were defined based on information from the Swedish Tax Register. The authors divided the intention to be self-employed into ability and desire and defined ability as a genetic factor and desire as a common family factor. A classical twin model was used to separate the variance of the outcome variables into genetic, common and unshared environmental factors.FindingsThe study demonstrates that the influence from opportunity on the intention to be self-employed is generally strong and that all factors, ability, desire and opportunity, differ, both in size and content, for the three outcomes of entrepreneurs.Originality/valueThe authors divide self-employment into three distinct company types, which enables a sophisticated additive genetic analysis of the ability, desire and opportunity to be self-employed. The authors contribute to the understanding of why individuals become self-employed by examining the influences from internal and external factors of family on the intentions of self-employment.

scholarly journals Discourse, knowledge and power: the continuing debate over the DBA

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
David William Stoten
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Business School ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Professional Doctorates

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is related to how students and academics in a business school perceive the doctor of business administration (DBA) in terms of its purpose and value compared to that of the conventional PhD. Design/methodology/approach – The research methodology involved a two-stage approach in which a pilot questionnaire and short interviews with 37 students was followed by a second questionnaire to 21 academics employed at a business school at a post-1992 English university. Findings – The findings suggest that although the DBA is valued as means to develop professional knowledge and expertise, the PhD remains the premier choice for those who wish to embark on an academic career. The DBA does, however, also represents a development of work-based learning in higher education. Research limitations/implications – The research was undertaken at one post-1992 university business school, further research should look to expand the sample size and include a variety of business schools from both pre- and post-1992 universities in England. Originality/value – The paper does offer a justification for the continued development of the DBA and professional doctorates in general in terms of the development of work-based learning in higher education.

Investigation of audible carbon monoxide alarm ownership

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Noora Kokkarinen ◽  
Andy Shaw ◽  
Jeff Cullen ◽  
Montserrat Ortoneda Pedrola ◽  
Alex Mason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
West Midlands ◽  
Audible Alarm ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Indices Of Multiple Deprivation ◽  
Deprived Areas

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to outline the level of audible carbon monoxide (CO) alarm ownership. In this particular paper the data collected by the fire and rescue services from West Midlands and Merseyside will be analysed, and discussed. Design/methodology/approach – Research was conducted in two stages. Using the indices of multiple deprivation identified whether households in the top and bottom four areas owned an audible alarm. In stage two data loggers were placed into homes to take readings every minute for a total period of three days to three weeks. Findings – There was a noticeable trend that deprived areas were less likely to own audible CO alarms than homes in non-deprived areas. All homes surveyed in stage two had CO levels >0 which further emphasises that anyone can be under health risk and that perhaps the maintenance of gas appliances and other sources is not being conducted at regular intervals. Social implications – This paper aims to raise awareness regarding not only the symptoms during CO poisoning but also the ones that have been reported to occur after treatment. It will also disseminate information as to what areas have low alarm ownership and thus more at risk of poisoning. It is hoped that findings from papers such as this one will promote more stringent maintenance and replacement requirements for gas or solid fuel appliances. Originality/value – Pilot study for the comparison of two English cities has not been conducted before and may lead to more studies of this kind.

Continuous disclosure and information asymmetry

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Russell
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Bad News ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Information

Purpose – This paper aims to examine whether firms with high information asymmetry disclose more information under a continuous disclosure regime, and, second, the paper examines whether continuous disclosures reduce information asymmetry. Design/methodology/approach – The study models relations between continuous disclosures and information asymmetry using ordinary least squares regression and two-stage least squares regression. Findings – The study finds firms with high information asymmetry disclose more information. Further, the study finds that disclosure in the presence of high information asymmetry increases asymmetry. Finally, while bad news increases information asymmetry, the disclosure of firm-specific good and bad news is associated with reduced information asymmetry. Originality/value – The paper identifies conditions under which Continuous Disclosure Regime increases information in markets and influences information asymmetry.

Analysis of wind turbine modelling using TSMC techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1981-1992
Author(s):  
Yuvaraja T. ◽  
K. Ramya
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Induction Generator ◽  
Doubly Fed Induction Generator ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
After Effects ◽  
Displacement Factor ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Doubly Fed ◽  
Bearing System

Purpose According to bidirectional ability, wind application are having variable acceleration which connected large quantity of wind ability bearing system with doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) fed by the two-stage cast converter (TSMC) system, the accentuation action for TSMC and arithmetic standard for DFIG are all deduced. The purpose of this study is for, stator accelerated action in Doubly fed induction generator and controlled by the Two Stage Cast Converter for better control. Design/methodology/approach The purpose of this study is for, stator accelerated action in Doubly fed induction generator and controlled by the Two Stage Cast Converter for better control. Findings Then, the beginning ancestor was set up to verify this system; the allotment of the filigree beginning after-effects are offered beneath no-load and the three plan states. Originality/value These after-effects apparent by the fact that the arrangement fed by TSMC-DFIG could apprehend the safe ability bearing accumulated to the filigree in the sub-synchronous, synchronisation and super-synchronous state; meanwhile generated sinusoidal describes the displacement factor.

An overview of pruning and harvesting manipulators

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítor Tinoco ◽  
Manuel F. Silva ◽  
Filipe N. Santos ◽  
António Valente ◽  
Luís F. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
World Population ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Grasping And Manipulation ◽  
Prismatic Joints ◽  
End Effectors

Purpose The motivation for robotics research in the agricultural field has sparked in consequence of the increasing world population and decreasing agricultural labor availability. This paper aims to analyze the state of the art of pruning and harvesting manipulators used in agriculture. Design/methodology/approach A research was performed on papers that corresponded to specific keywords. Ten papers were selected based on a set of attributes that made them adequate for review. Findings The pruning manipulators were used in two different scenarios: grapevines and apple trees. These manipulators showed that a light-controlled environment could reduce visual errors and that prismatic joints on the manipulator are advantageous to obtain a higher reach. The harvesting manipulators were used for three types of fruits: strawberries, tomatoes and apples. These manipulators revealed that different kinematic configurations are required for different kinds of end-effectors, as some of these tools only require movement in the horizontal axis and others are required to reach the target with a broad range of orientations. Originality/value This work serves to reduce the gap in the literature regarding agricultural manipulators and will support new developments of novel solutions related to agricultural robotic grasping and manipulation.

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