Determinants of immigrant self-employment in Spain

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begoña Cueto ◽  
Vanesa Rodríguez Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine immigrant self-employment in Spain. The study aims to determine the likelihood of immigrants being self-employed, the differences between Spaniards and immigrants in terms of self-employment and differences among immigrants from different regions of origin. Design/methodology/approach – Data from the Labour Force Survey for 2005-2011 are used for a descriptive analysis of self-employment. Logit regressions allow us to study the determinants of immigrant self-employment. Findings – Unlike research conducted in other countries, the rate of immigrant self-employment in Spain is lower than that of nationals, although differences exist according to the region of origin. Men and older individuals are more likely to be self-employed. Those with higher levels of education are also more likely to be self-employed – this may be attributable to the decreased availability of skilled positions for immigrants. Research limitations/implications – The sample size does not allow for differential analyses regarding the region of origin or the existence and influence of enclaves. Practical implications – Self-employment may be an opportunity for immigrants to improve their position in the labour market, especially in the case of highly skilled workers. Originality/value – In Spain, analyses of immigrant self-employment are rare and generally focus on case studies. However, this study covers the whole population within a highly specific economic situation.

“Fuller” or “extended” working lives: a critical commentary

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Phillipson
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Older Worker ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Critical Commentary ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to, first, provide some background to the treatment of older workers; second, highlight the distinction between a “fuller” and an “extended” working life; third, note the importance of separating out different groups within the category “older worker”; finally, identify areas for action to suppose those now facing working into their 60s and beyond. Design/methodology/approach – Commentary paper analysing development of policies towards older workers. Findings – This paper identifies problems implementing policy of extending working and provides various areas of action to support older workers. Research limitations/implications – This paper suggests extending work unlikely to be achieved without ensuring greater security for older workers. Practical implications – Importance of developing more support for older workers. Social implications – Challenge of resolving insecurity in the labour force as an impediment to extended working. Originality/value – This paper outlines a critical assessment of current government policy towards older workers.

scholarly journals Competences in higher education tourism internships

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Ferreras-Garcia ◽  
Jordi Sales-Zaguirre ◽  
Enric Serradell-López
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Hospitality Management ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the level of correspondence between the academic training received by students and the demands of the job market. This was achieved by analysing the competences that are developed in internships to provide useful information for universities, students and tourism companies. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative analysis was carried out using questionnaires administered to the supervisors of students on curricular internships. The level of tourism competences of students on the bachelor degree in Tourism and Hospitality Management at the School of Tourism and Hospitality Management Sant Ignasi was assessed. A descriptive analysis and comparisons of means were carried out to investigate differences in competences between students undertaking internships, according to the hotel department and category. Findings The results of the study indicate that students undertaking internships improve their competences. Whether they undertake internships in one department or another does not affect the level of achievement of most competences. However, the category of a hotel does influence the level of development of the acquired competences. Research limitations/implications A questionnaire should be administered to students on their perceptions of the achievement of competences, as this could be compared with the supervisors’ perceptions. Practical implications The study generates extremely valuable information for companies, universities and students, as it reveals which competences are attained and to what extent. Based on these results, universities can adapt their training activities and the hotel industry will have information on learning processes during internships. Originality/value The analysis provides an innovative research, a real assessment by employers of the competences attained. It also identifies the need for more research on the subject related to employers’ perceptions of the level of competences that students develop in the workplace.

Deterioration and the long term prisoner: a descriptive analysis of Myra Hindley

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
Mark Pettigrew
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Prison Sentence ◽  
Female Prisoner ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Life Without Parole ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Natural Life

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore supposed inevitable personal decline for long-term prisoners, particularly those serving a sentence of life without parole. Design/methodology/approach – Using the prison records of a life without parole sentenced prisoner. Findings – Findings suggest that prisoner deterioration is not inevitable in a whole life prison sentence. Research limitations/implications – Findings are based on one account, of a female prisoner. Practical implications – Distinct services and support are required for those with a natural life prison sentence. Originality/value – To date, there is limited research of prisoners serving life without parole, particularly the mental health implications of denying a prisoner future parole.

Sharīʿah appraisal on the issue of imposing burden of proof to the entrepreneur in trust based contracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-169
Author(s):  
Asmadi Mohamed Naim ◽  
Mohd Noor Habibi Hj Long ◽  
Mahyuddin Abu Bakar ◽  
Muhammad Nasri Md Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Burden Of Proof ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Requirements ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the Shariah view on the legitimacy of requiring the entrepreneur to prove that he/she has complied with all business requirements in case the actual profit was below the expected profit in trust-based contracts such as mudarabah and musharakah. Design/methodology/approach This paper is part of the research which applies qualitative research approaches, including among others, content analysis, interviews, observations and descriptive analysis using fiqh muqaran (comparative analysis of jurists’ arguments) in few phases. Findings The study found that shifting the burden of proof to the fiduciary is the weightier view and necessary to ensure that both sides are protected. The considerations of protecting people’s wealth (ḥifẓ amwāl al-nās) and mitigating widespread greed (ṭamaʿ) are among the reasons for allowing elements such as ʿurf, tuhmah and dalālat al-ḥāl to be treated as bayyinah in trust-based contracts when the fiduciary is obliged to defend himself from litigation. Research limitations/implications The study is meant to strengthen the practices of Islamic banks world wide. Practical implications Few protections can be applied for capital provider. Social implications This study is meant to give solution in dealing with moral hazard of both parties, and to provide solution to the regulator for policy drafting and to increase confidence to the industry. Originality/value The finding is important in assisting the regulators in drafting the policy to protect both parties without neglecting the essence of trust-based contracts.

An instrument validation of TQM enablers and IT resources in Indian ICT organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-200
Author(s):  
Suby Khanam ◽  
Faisal Talib ◽  
Jamshed Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Instrument Validation ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
It Resources ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify and rank total quality management (TQM) enablers and information technology (IT) resources to provide a reliable and valid measurement instrument for evaluation in Indian information and communications technology (ICT) organizations. Design/methodology/approach Based on a literature review of TQM enablers and IT resources, 17 factors are identified, of which, 9 are TQM enablers and 8 are IT resources. The empirical data, retrieved from 801 ICT organizations, is tested by descriptive analysis and factor analysis (FA). FA is used to ensure that items in each scale sufficiently reflect the scope of each factor. Findings This paper has developed an instrument that can be used to evaluate items to implement TQM enablers and IT resources. The instrument identifies 17 reliable and valid factors, out of which 16 are input factors, while 1 is an outcome factor. Practical implications This instrument will provide a practical understanding to enable the monitoring of TQM enabler and IT resource activities in ICT organizations. Along with this, these instruments will help to build models related to constructs that will further achievement of customer satisfaction (CS). Originality/value This paper presents an instrument which validates the different items of TQM enablers and IT resources. It also shows the relationship between the two in terms of CS.

Human capital challenges in the hotel industry of Canada: finding innovative solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Willie ◽  
David Connor ◽  
Jordi Sole ◽  
Gabor Forgacs ◽  
Robert Grieve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to identify possible solutions to the current and persistent challenge of attracting and retaining qualified people to work in Canada’s hotel industry. The outlook for the industry is that a critical shortage of skilled workers will continue to exist for at least the next decade. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on the perspectives of three academics and three industry practitioners in an effort to identify root causes and possible solutions. Canadian and international literature is reviewed to establish current practices and point to gaps to be filled to meet the market needs. Recommendations are categorized by industry and academic perspectives. Findings The Canadian hotel industry faces challenges in filling job vacancies and maintaining employees in their roles. It is important for industry and academia to work collaboratively to educate the general public on the rewards and benefits of working in the Canadian hotel industry. Practical implications Many concrete strategies are suggested that individual hotel operations and the industry as a whole can implement to improve their human resource management and to entice potential employees to join the sector. Originality/value This paper adds value and contributes to the Canadian hotel industry and academia, as it represents current research and thought processes from both the academic community and the Canadian hotel industry.

scholarly journals Managing employees beyond age 65: from the margins to the mainstream?

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 646-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lain ◽  
Wendy Loretto
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Later Life ◽  
First Century ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – Against a backdrop of legislative and policy changes, this paper assesses the extent to which the over-65 age-group is moving from the margins to the mainstream of UK employment. The purpose of this paper is to fill a gap in HR research and practice which, it is argued, has paid relatively little attention to the over-65s. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis draws on three waves of the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (2001, 2008, 2014), to explore the extent to which organisational, occupational and sectoral marginalisation of the over-65s has changed in the twenty-first century. Findings – The results show that the share of 65-69 year olds working as employees doubled between 2001 and 2014, primarily because long-term established employees worked longer. Overrepresentations of lower-level “Lopaq” occupations reduced, and over-65s became more integrated across occupations and sectors. Research limitations/implications – More research is needed to understand the factors driving the steady move from the margins to the mainstream (e.g. LFS does not measure pensions), and future research on the older workforce should automatically include workers in this age-group. Practical implications – The discussion considers the implications for managerial practice, in a context of increasingly age-diverse workforces. Originality/value – This paper addresses a gap in research into later life working and also demonstrates the ways in which the nature of employment among the over-65s is changing, thereby challenging some of the assumptions about those who work into later life and how they are – or should be managed.

scholarly journals The use of internships to foster employability, enterprise and entrepreneurship in the IT sector

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Galloway ◽  
Abigail Marks ◽  
Shiona Chillas
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Career Readiness ◽  
Employability Skills ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Industry ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Real World Learning ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report a study of the role of internships for IT students and for the IT sector. The contribution of internships for career-readiness, and for the development of existing IT organisations and the creation of new ones is explored. Design/methodology/approach – Surveys of interns and managers from host firms were conduced, followed by in-depth interviews with six interns and five organisations. Findings – Internships are useful for increasing enterprise and employability skills and commercial awareness for IT students. IT organisations also benefit in that internships are used to recruit fresh talent. Findings regarding entrepreneurship were disappointing, with little reportage of ambitions to create new firms, nor awareness of the high likelihood of self-employed contractual work in the sector. Research limitations/implications – Implications for research include that self-employment and business ownership are not always “successful” entrepreneurial outcomes born of agency. This requires further study. Practical implications – Development of opportunities for experiential, real-world learning for IT students is implied, as is increased educational focus on employability and enterprise skills to best advantage students for the realities of employment in IT. There is a strong suggestion that much more needs to be done in terms of encouraging entrepreneurship. Originality/value – The paper reports the potentials of internships to interns and to organisations, and through combining these perspectives, provides comment on the utility of internships for the IT sector as a competitive, opportunity-rich global industry.

Is independence really an opportunity? The experience of entrepreneur-mothers

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meraiah Foley ◽  
Marian Baird ◽  
Rae Cooper ◽  
Sue Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Family Obligations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how entrepreneur-mothers experience independence in the transition to entrepreneurship, and whether they perceive independence as an agentic, opportunity-maximisation motive or a constrained, necessity-driven response. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a qualitative and interpretive approach, the authors analysed interviews with 60 entrepreneur-mothers to refine conceptual understanding of independence. Findings The authors find that entrepreneur-mothers experience independence not as an opportunity, but as a functional necessity in managing the temporal and perceived moral demands of motherhood. The authors assert that there is a fundamental difference between wanting independence to pursue a more autonomous lifestyle, and needing independence to attend to family obligations, a difference that is not adequately captured in the existing conceptualisation of independence. Consequently, the authors propose the classification of “family-driven entrepreneurship” to capture the social and institutional factors that may disproportionately push women with caregiving responsibilities towards self-employment. Practical implications This paper proposes that a new category of entrepreneurial motivation be recognised to better account for the social and institutional factors affecting women’s entrepreneurship, enabling policymakers to more accurately position and support entrepreneur-mothers. Social implications The authors challenge the existing framing of independence as an agentic opportunity-seeking motive, and seek to incorporate family dynamics into existing entrepreneurial models. Originality/value This paper delivers much-needed conceptual refinement of independence as a motivator to entrepreneurship by examining the experiences of entrepreneur-mothers, and proposes a new motivational classification, that of family-driven entrepreneurship to capture the elements of agency and constraint embedded in this transition.

Personality traits and entrepreneurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Female entrepreneurs remain under-represented in an area traditionally dominated by men who rate highly in core masculine traits. But an emphasis on the value of possessing strong communal orientations could help entice more women into self-employment and consequently witness the emergence of an alternative approach to entrepreneurship. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document