scholarly journals The impact of government support programs for the development of businesses in Chile

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1736-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian A. Cancino ◽  
Claudio A. Bonilla ◽  
Marcos Vergara
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Public Programs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact on businesses in Chile of the Seed Capital Program (SCP) implemented by Chile’s Technical Cooperation Services. Design/methodology/approach – In order to analyze the impact of this SCP, a counter-factual scenario was used that entailed a combination of the propensity score matching with difference in difference methods. A total of 682 businesses were surveyed (378 in the treatment group and the rest in the control group), 164 of which gave complete responses to the surveys, 89 belonging to the treatment group and 75 to the control group. Findings – The results are mixed. On the one hand, the impact of sales is positive but its statistical significance depends on the model used. With regard to the number of employees, however, the results are positive and statistically significant regardless of the model used. The results also show that participating in the program has no incidence on the probability of later obtaining financing. Research limitations/implications – This study highlights the importance of differentiating between opportunity-driven entrepreneurship programs and necessity-driven entrepreneurship programs. Practical implications – It also suggests improvements in public policy to develop entrepreneurship in small businesses in Chile. These suggestions may also be interesting for other countries facing similar challenges in terms of developing private entrepreneurship as a vehicle to generate economic development. Originality/value – This exploratory work may be interesting to those in charge of designing, implementing and evaluating public programs in support of small- and mid-sized enterprise development.

Privacy as a secondary goal problem: an experiment examining control

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hughes-Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on results of an investigation into the impact of adding privacy salient information (defined through the theory of planned behaviour) into the user interface (UI) of a faux social network. Design/methodology/approach – Participants were asked to create their profiles on a new social network specifically for Nottingham Trent University students by answering a series of questions that vary in the sensitivity of personal information requested. A treatment is designed that allows participants to review their answers and make amendments based on suggestions from the treatment. A dynamic privacy score that improves as amendments are made is designed to encourage privacy-oriented behaviour. Results from the treatment group are compared to a control group. Findings – Participants within the treatment group disclosed less than those in the control with statistical significance. The more sensitive questions in particular were answered less when compared to the control, suggesting that participants were making more privacy-conscious decisions. Practical implications – Work within this paper suggests that simple UI changes can promote more privacy-conscious behaviour. These simple changes could provide a low-cost method to ensuring the Internet safety of a wide range of users. Originality/value – This study provides a clear definition of privacy salient UI mechanisms based on a well-established theory of behaviour and examines their potential effect on end-users through a novel experiment. Results and methods from this work can enable researchers to better understand privacy behaviour.

How can NGOs prevent volunteers from quitting? The moderating role of the NGO type

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Miguel Lorente-Ayala ◽  
Natalia Vila-Lopez ◽  
Ines Kuster-Boluda
Keyword(s):  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Modelling Methodology ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The rise of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) during the last decades has made the volunteer a key element. Motivation and satisfaction have been indicated as predictive indices of their retention. The purpose of this paper is twofold. On the one hand, it seeks to better understand the motivations of the volunteers, addressing the effects of such motivations. On the other hand, it analyses whether the intensity of such antecedents and effects differs depending on the type of NGO with which they work: generalist vs specialist. Design/methodology/approach A study with 847 volunteers from different types of NGOs was done using structural modelling methodology and multi-sample analysis. Findings The type of NGO moderates the relationship between the satisfaction of the volunteer and the intention to recommend. Practical implications Given that in specialist NGOs the impact of satisfaction on the intention to recommend is significantly stronger than in generalist NGOs, making sure that volunteers are satisfied becomes a priority in this type of NGO. In this regard, satisfaction studies among volunteers could be conducted periodically to detect crisis situations and implement improvement actions to recover satisfaction in the occupied position. Originality/value First, to date, the motivations of the volunteer have been investigated from different disciplines, the self-determination theory (SDT) being an important motivational theory widely used in areas such as social, education and sports psychology. However, there is little research from a marketing approach to understand the background of the motivations of volunteers under this conceptual framework provided by the SDT. Second, there is also a scarcity of literature linking the motivations of a volunteer with the emotions they may feel, ultimately achieving consolidated lasting links with the NGO in which they are integrated. Third, most research on volunteering to date has focused on differentiating volunteers from non-volunteers and understanding the reasons for volunteering. However, the presence of studies on the differences in the motivation of the same according to the type of NGO with which they collaborate has been scarce.

Achieving metacognition through cognitive strategy instruction

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Apaydin ◽  
Mohamad Hossary
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Strategy Instruction ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Integrative Learning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present hands-on techniques that could help achieve higher forms of cognitive work of Bloom’s learning taxonomy and progress toward self-actualization, the top of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. These results can be achieved by the combination of Apaydin’s 3A approach and integrative learning. Design/methodology/approach The results of the exploratory study of student self-inquiry are analyzed using content analysis method. Findings The results indicate that students who underwent through metacognitive instruction exhibit higher cognitive skills than the control group. These skills were manifested in more detailed and extensive responses, more long-term orientation, and higher thrive toward self-development. The study also identified significant gender differences. Research limitations/implications Only two raters reviewed the categories. Increasing the number of raters would potentially increase the reliability and validity of this study. The data were collected in one university in one country. Similar studies conducted in different settings could produce different results. Since the control group was self-selected, it might lead to a performance bias in this group. Practical implications This research has practical implications for improving self-awareness and metacognition of the students. The addition of an unexpected self-applied perspective and application of Problem Solving Algorithm (PSA) to themselves enables the students to see the value of otherwise abstract concepts presented in the textbooks and forgotten immediately after the semester is over. Social implications The students can be socially more prepared to become self-aware professionals and thus improve their career options. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in the educational research which investigates the impact of implementation of metacognitive instructional techniques on student self-awareness and performance, which has immediate practical implication for student learning and success.

The impact of the reputation of underwriter and sponsoring representative on IPO underwriting fees

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Chen ◽  
Xinrong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Political Connection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Underwriting Fees ◽  
The One ◽  
Public Offering ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of the reputation of underwriters and sponsoring representatives on initial public offering (IPO) underwriting fees, and further investigates the role of ownership and political connection. Design/methodology/approach The methodology includes three models. Model 1 empirically investigates the effect of underwriter’s reputation on underwriting fee. Model 2 studies the effect of sponsoring representative’s reputation on underwriting fee. Model 3 further examines the effect of underwriter’s reputation and sponsoring representative reputation on the underwriting fee controlling for the impact of ultimate controlling ownership and political connection. Findings The study documents that underwriters’ and sponsoring representatives’ reputation can result in reputational premiums. In the IPO of state-owned enterprises (SOEs), the reputation of underwriters and sponsoring representatives does not significantly affect the underwriting fees. In the IPO of non-state-owned enterprises (NSOEs), there is a significantly positive correlation between underwriters’ and sponsoring representatives’ reputation and underwriting fees. Further research results show that, on the one hand, the effect of underwriters’ and sponsoring representatives’ reputation on underwriting fees is not significant in the IPO of NSOEs with political connection. On the other hand, underwriting fees are positively associated with underwriters’ and sponsoring representatives’ reputation in the IPO of NSOEs without political connection. Research limitations/implications The sponsoring representative’s fee is not disclosed separately, which makes it difficult to distinguish the incremental effect from underwriter’s services and reputation. Practical implications NSOEs relative to SOEs are more likely to pay higher underwriting fees for hiring underwriter and sponsoring representative with better reputation during the process of IPO. Social implications The reputation of underwriter and sponsoring representative does not matter to SOEs but does matter to NSOEs. However, NSOEs’ political connection affects underwriter fees. Originality/value This paper provides new evidence of sponsoring representatives’ reputation and political connection on the underwriting fees in the IPO in Chinese SOEs and NSOEs.

Effective development of strategic network

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 30-32
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Network Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
The Government ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Strategic networks involving SMEs can make a significant contribution to the economic growth of a country. Government support is vital to network development and their overall effectiveness. However, the impact of support on different stages of the development process depends on the type of policy adopted by the government. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Differences in underpricing of A-REIT IPOs and Australian property company IPOs

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Dimovski
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Property Companies ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Two Sectors ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – A variety of papers have analyzed the underpricing of REIT IPOs or property company IPOs. The purpose of this paper is to compare the two sectors and examines differences in the underpricing of the two types of IPOs. Design/methodology/approach – An OLS regression is used to identify factors influencing the underpricing of A-REIT and property company IPOs from 1994 until 2014. Findings – This study finds that A-REIT IPOs have a significantly lower underpricing on average than Australian property company IPOs. The time taken to list appears to influence the underpricing of both A-REIT IPOs and property company IPOs, in that issues that are filled more quickly have higher underpricing but with the magnitude of the impact being less for A-REITs. The sentiment toward the stock market also appears to impact on the underpricing of A-REIT and property company IPOs again with the magnitude of the impact being less for A-REITs. Practical implications – The paper provides information to new A-REIT and property company issuers, underwriters and investors. Originality/value – The study is the first to compare and examine the differences in the underpricing of both REITs and property companies in the one country over the same time period.

The effect of aerofoil camber on cycloidal propellers

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1156-1167
Author(s):  
Hailang Zhang ◽  
Yu Hu ◽  
Gengqi Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Dynamic Stall ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blade Vortex Interaction ◽  
Air Vehicle ◽  
Rotor Cage ◽  
Turbulent Models ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of aerofoil camber on the performance of micro-air-vehicle-scale cycloidal propellers. Design/methodology/approach First, experiments were conducted to validate the numerical methodology. After that, three turbulent models were compared to select the most accurate one. Then, 2D numerical simulation was carried out on 11 aerofoils with different cambers, including five cambered aerofoils, one symmetrical aerofoil and five inverse cambered aerofoils. The inverse cambered aerofoils are symmetrical about the chord line to the corresponding cambered ones. Findings The cycloidal propeller with large cambered aerofoil gives the lowest hovering efficiency, but with symmetrical aerofoil or small inverse cambered aerofoil shows the highest. Also, blades with large cambered aerofoil display high performance at the upper part of its trajectory, while with symmetrical aerofoil or the inverse cambered aerofoil have their best at the lower part. In addition, intensified downwash can be observed in the rotor cage for all cases. When a blade runs through the top-left part of its circle path, all cases display the feature of deep dynamic stall. When the blade travels through the nadir of its path, the actual angle of attack is close to zero due to the strong downwash. Furthermore, there exits intensified blade-vortex interaction induced by the preceding blade for large cambered aerofoils at the lower-right part of its trajectory. Practical implications This paper develops a new cycloidal propeller which is more efficient than the one already present. Originality/value This paper discovers that the aerofoil camber is a vital design parameter in the performance of cycloidal propeller, and the authors expect that the rotor with deformable aerofoil on camber would achieve much higher efficiency.

Isolated illiteracy and access to social programs: evidence from Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-685
Author(s):  
Fernanda Dachi Carrets ◽  
Felipe Garcia Ribeiro ◽  
Gibran da Silva Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether isolated illiteracy generates a barrier to knowledge about the Brazilian Federal Government’s Single Registry for social programs. Design/methodology/approach Based on information contained in the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilios – PNAD) 2014, the propensity score matching method was combined with the algorithm proposed by Imbens (2015). The analyzed sample consists of two groups of illiterate individuals: isolated illiterates (IILs) (treatment group), which consists of only illiterate individuals who live with other illiterates; and proximate illiterates (PILs) (control group), which consists of illiterates who live with someone who is literate in the household. Findings Evidence indicates that IIL individuals are, on average, less likely to know about the single registry than PIL people. Research limitations/implications The main limitation relates to the database since the only information available in the PNAD on the access to the single registry is for the year 2014. Practical implications The evidence found in the study reinforces the need to invest in the fight against illiteracy in Brazil. Social implications Results show that a portion of the possible beneficiaries of social programs are still “invisible” to the government’s social protection networks, and this highlights the existence of possible errors of exclusion. Originality/value The paper compares two groups of illiterate people, a group that lives in an isolated illiteracy situation and the other that does not. It also assesses the effect of literacy externalities on the access to the Brazilian Single Registry.

Poverty alleviation through microcredit in Sub-Saharan Africa revisited

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertrud Buchenrieder ◽  
Josephine Nguefo Gnilachi ◽  
Emmanuel Olatunbosun Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of microcredit on per capita income of farm households in Cameroon. It discusses short- and long-term implications of access to microcredit on income poverty. Design/methodology/approach The authors interviewed rural households with agriculture being either their first or second income-creating activity. All sampled households are clients of a Cameroonian village bank. The authors used a balanced panel with a treatment and a control group, the latter not having had a village bank microcredit yet. The results were reaffirmed using bootstrapping. Findings This paper argues that microcredit has had a significant positive impact on per capita income in the short run, but the long-term effect was negative, albeit not significant. In the long run, absolute income poverty had further decreased in the treatment group, however, not as much as in the control group. Because the treatment group had been shifting back to the informal financial sector and had diverted part of the microcredit for consumption, this may have led to lower marginal income effects. Productivity of credit financed inputs by the treatment group remained constant, which also explains why the treatment group fell back over time. Research limitations/implications The balanced panel data set was relatively small due to attrition over time. This was accounted for using bootstrapping. Nevertheless, research results must be interpreted with care. Furthermore, the discussion is not exhaustive. Practical implications Despite tremendous methodological advancements regarding the impact analysis of microcredit on income poverty, findings remain controversial and inconsistent. Frequently, fungibility is a confounding issue. Microcredit policy ought to consider more long-term effects. Originality/value There is much discourse amongst development economists about the impact of microcredit on poverty. Research based on panel data may clarify some of the controversial issues. This research paper uses a rather unique panel data set from Cameroonian farm households that are clients of a private sector village bank. The issue of sample size limitation is dealt with using bootstrapping. The authors base the empirical analysis on a comprehensive and theoretically founded economic farm household model.

The standardization/adaptation dilemma in agri-food exporters marketing strategies

2015 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 2739-2756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Sudarevic ◽  
Predrag Radojevic ◽  
Jasmina Lekovic
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Original Insight ◽  
The One ◽  
Capital Ownership ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical insight into types of marketing strategies and the implementation difficulties of agri-food exporters, with the purpose to get information about them related to firm size, export experience and capital ownership. Design/methodology/approach – Focussing on Serbian agri-food exporters, this study employed quantitative design and descriptives-causal approach. An e-mail questionnaire is used to collect data, with aim to determine the influence of firm characteristics on marketing strategy selection and implementation. Descriptive statistics, difference between group tests, and correlation are used in data analysis. Findings – Results indicate that large and foreign-owned firms opt for standardization of the product, distribution and promotion, while they prefer an adaptation strategy for price. These firms have fewer difficulties implementing selected strategies compared to small businesses and domestically owned firms. The impact of export experience is mixed and less influential. Research limitations/implications – The main research limitations relate to the one country case, but results offer several implications for researchers, management of agri-food exporters, policy makers and society. Originality/value – This paper presents the original insight from agri-food exporters originated from one small, emerging economy for all marketing mix elements. Due Serbian case uniqueness it challenges previous findings and provide a “laboratory” for testing export marketing strategies. Research is easy for replication in the other countries and its results might be used for comparisons in further studies of agri-food exporters’ marketing strategies in other small, developing countries.

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