Editorial: War and Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Paola Somma
Keyword(s):  
The Subject ◽  
External Forces ◽  
The City

In 2002, an issue of Open House International had already addressed the subject of war and the city. Scholars with different backgrounds and experiences reported on a number of cities. They analysed and reflected on the situation before the armed hostilities, both in physical terms and in terms of the conflicts of ethnic and civilian character, and the role of external forces and actors; the war in its different manifestations: a never ending conflict, a succession of battles and precarious truces, bombing, the threat of bombing; and the prospects of reconstruction, with particular reference to the different effects for the various groups and interests.

scholarly journals Built Heritage Attractions in Cultural Tourism: the case of Al - Mustansiriya Madrassa, Baghdad

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Huda Adil Abdulhameed Al-Obaidi ◽  
Osamah AbdulMunem Al-Tameemi
Keyword(s):  
Investment Project ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City ◽  
Shed Light

This research deals with the subject of Built heritage attractions in Muslim historical building, for what it represents, as an element dealing with Cultural tourism, in the process of developing tourism industry of the city. The location of Mustansiriya Madrassa in Baghdad’s commercial district could make it a profitable investment project to revive a cultural, artistic and tourist centre that could make it a cultural Tourism haven. The problem emerges through, how the role of built heritage to attract tourists in order to give vitality and liveability to the cultural tourism destination such as Al - Mustansiriya Madrassa which is one of the most popular heritage destinations, a historic school building situated in the ancient Abbasid district of Rusafa in the very heart of Baghdad. Therefore, the research's aim is to shed light on the heritage attraction as a mean to clarify the meaning of Cultural Tourism and specifying its definition. This research explains how the built heritage plays an important role in tourism in general and in the cultural tourism in particular because they attract tourists and provides a sustainable economic resource through its inclusion of values that make it distinct from other sources of attraction.

Citizens in the Smart City

2022 ◽  
pp. 126-143
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Tomor
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
European City ◽  
Citizen Empowerment ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City

While the role of citizens in smart cities is hotly debated, there is a dearth of empirical research on the subject. This in-depth study of a European city, selected for its typical smart city ambitions, explores the roles that citizens actually play in smart city projects. The study examines twelve initiatives in the City of Utrecht (NL) using a framework that differentiates between types of citizen participation. The findings show that technology-enabled citizen participation in Utrecht is highly diverse and embraces all types of participation rather than simply taking the form of either “citizen empowerment” (as the advocates argue) or “citizen subjugation' (as the critics stress). The diversity found in the study highlights the need to conceptualize the role of the smart citizen at the micro (project) level rather than at the level of the city as a whole. The study shows that citizen participation in the smart city should not be understood as a technological utopia or dystopia but as an evolving, technologically mediated practice that is shaped by a variety of factors.

Mediating Structures and Constitutional Liberty

Worldview ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
William Bentley Ball
Keyword(s):  
Voluntary Association ◽  
American Enterprise Institute ◽  
American Constitution ◽  
Peter Berger ◽  
Ethnic Subgroups ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City ◽  
Mediating Structures

There are those of us whose job seems always to be immediate problem-solving. We are like people frantically busy piling up rocks with the fleeting notion that perhaps they are building something. To Empower People: The Role of Mediating Structures in Public Policy by Peter Berger and Richard Neuhaus (American Enterprise Institute, 1977) offers a portrait in which resemblances can be seen between the haphazard rock pile and the city of good “mediating structures” there portrayed.Approaching the subject as a lawyer, the question at once comes to mind: Do we need mediating structures (family, church, voluntary association, neighborhood, racial and ethnic subgroups) in a society governed by the American Constitution? If the “mediating structures“ are thought to be necessary to protect the individual from the state, is that not precisely the function of the Constitution?

The physician of Packingtown: the life and impact of Dr Caroline Hedger

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. McLarty ◽  
Peter A. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Journal Articles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Single Person ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Subject ◽  
American Society ◽  
Working And Living Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to illustrate the instrumental role of physician Caroline Hedger during the first half of the twentieth century, with her emphasis on worker health, which influenced American society and helped to improve working and living conditions of people across the USA. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on archival newspaper clippings, original journal articles and books written by the subject, historical manuscripts and other labor history resources, this manuscript pulls together information on this topic in a unique way to give a broad view of the impact of Hedger and her important role not only for the city of Chicago, but the nation as a whole. Findings – This research concludes that Hedger was an instrumental force and tireless advocate for the improvement of public health and social change. She was a constant driver for the creation of better living and working conditions of poor laborers, especially immigrants and women, desired the enhancement of child welfare, and was also helpful in supporting the labor movement and educating those involved in the process. Originality/value – This is the first manuscript to explore the role played by Caroline Hedger in relation to her impact on the importance of the health of workers and their families. Her story is a testament to the powerful effect of a single person in a dynamic world, and demonstrates how understanding a worker's health contributes to greater insights about management history.

Citizens in the Smart City

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Tomor
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
European City ◽  
Citizen Empowerment ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City ◽  
Project Level

While the role of citizens in smart cities is hotly debated, there is a dearth of empirical research on the subject. This in-depth study of a European city, selected for its typical smart city ambitions, explores the roles that citizens actually play in smart city projects. The study examines twelve initiatives in the City of Utrecht (NL) using a framework that differentiates between types of citizen participation. The findings show that technology-enabled citizen participation in Utrecht is highly diverse and embraces all types of participation rather than simply taking the form of either “citizen empowerment” (as the advocates argue) or “citizen subjugation' (as the critics stress). The diversity found in the study highlights the need to conceptualize the role of the smart citizen at the micro (project) level rather than at the level of the city as a whole. The study shows that citizen participation in the smart city should not be understood as a technological utopia or dystopia but as an evolving, technologically mediated practice that is shaped by a variety of factors.

Temples and Traders in Palmyra

2020 ◽  
pp. 461-480
Author(s):  
Leonardo Gregoratti
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Private Citizens ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City ◽  
Common Era ◽  
The Silk Road ◽  
Sources Of Capital

As is generally known, during the first three centuries of the Common Era, the Syrian city of Palmyra played a fundamental role in the trade between Asia and the Mediterranean area, to the point that it became the most important trade centre along the western section of the Silk Road. The different roles of merchants and businessmen involved in the Palmyrene caravan trade has been the subject of studies over a long period. What is still an elusive element is the role of capital in the Palmyrene trading system, that is to say the money used to organize the merchant expeditions and to buy the goods coming from the East. Besides, the very nature of the caravan trade implied long and dangerous journeys, which rendered the investment rather risky. On the other hand, a large profit was gained once the goods had reached Roman territory. In order to identify the possible sources of capital in Palmyrene society, that is to say the groups and the institutions able to provide the initial money necessary for the trade activity, this paper investigates the relations between merchant classes and sanctuaries. The many dedications made by traders and private citizens to the city sanctuaries, and the frequent presence of religious figures among the trading families’ members, seem to suggest that the numerous temples of Palmyra played a role in the commercial trade as holders of capital, which could be lent and employed in the activity of trade.

scholarly journals Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure: The Problem Of Social Reform and Marriage

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Farhana Wazir Khan
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
The Public ◽  
Measure For Measure ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City

The article focuses on Shakespeare’s play: Measure for Measure, with the aim of bringing to light the central problem of the play which is that of social reform and marriage in an early modern European society. It is a play that has been located against the background of seventeenth century society of London where it was first performed. However, it is symbolically set in the city of Vienna. Feminist and Historicist critics have been cited in the article in an interpretation of the play which requires a consideration of the role of women and their status in the playworld. The issues of private and public marriages, and the ambiguity governing the laws on marriage, form the complex problem raised in the play. It is the contention of the article that Shakespeare emphasized the need to regulate the legal system with a view to promote greater representation and voice to women who were victimized by the corrupt legal institutions, both religious and official. Thus, the article suggests that the developments in the position of women, and the questions as to whether they were married or single, were the subject of public concern and debate in sixteenth and seventeenth century Europe. Marriage was, therefore, felt to be the most crucial issue in this regard and the aim of the dramatists and literary writers was to popularize the difficulties faced by women with a view to raising the consciousness of the public.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGY OF VISUAL ART LOCALIZATION IN PUBLIC SPACES ON EXAMPLE OF POZNAN CITY

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Januchta-Szostak
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Art Objects ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Times ◽  
The City

In the times of unification of cultural patterns the art in public areas takes on a very responsible role – creating cognitive map and emphasizing identity of the place. Valuable architectural and sculpture monuments take deserved top position in creating unique townscape. But not only spectacular buildings create the image of the city, sometimes inconspicuous sculptures become city symbols. The subject of research conveyed by the author in Poznan was the quality of public areas and possibilities of making them more attractive by introducing monuments and water elements. Autor define the typology of public art objects (considering their function, form and scale) and methodology of lacalization from the city-scale (according to the viewing popularity aspects and rank of the place) to the csale of indyvidual urban interior. The spatial and social role of sculpture in urban area was analized on examples of public places in Poznan. Vizualinio meno lokalizacijos viešosiose erdvėse metodologija poznanės pavyzdžiu Santrauka Vienodėjant kultūriniams kontekstams viešųjų erdvių menas įgyja ypatingą ir labai svarbią reikšmę kaip atpažinimo elementais atskleidžiantis ir pabrėžiantis vietos identitetą. Vertingi architektūriniai ir skulptūriniai elementai tampa svarbiausiais unikalių miestovaizdžių formantais. Tačiau ne tik įspūdingi statiniai kuria miesto vaizdą. Kartais niekuo neišsiskiriančios, vos pastebimos skulptūros tampa miesto simboliais. Tyrimo, atlikto Poznanės mokslininkės, tema yra viešųjų erdvių kokybė ir galimybė padidinti jų patrauklumą meno kūriniais ir vandens elementais. Autorė apibrėžė viešojo meno objektų tipologiją, įvertindama jų paskirtį, formą ir mastelį, ir lokalizacijos metodiką nuo viso miesto masto iki mažiausiojo mastelio nominalių erdvių, įvertindama apžvalgos populiarumą ir vietos kategoriją. Poznanės pavyzdžiu išanalizuotas tiek erdvinis, tiek visuomeninis miesto skulptūrų vaidmuo.

scholarly journals Wrocławskie cmentarze żydowskie – miejsca (nie)znane. Wiedza i wyobrażenia młodych mieszkańców Wrocławia

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-344
Author(s):  
Ewa Banasiewicz-Ossowska
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Knowledge And Beliefs ◽  
Places Of Memory ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City

Jewish Cemeteries in Wrocław – Places (Un)known. Knowledge and Beliefs of Young Residents of Wrocław The article is based on empirical research, one of the elements of which was to verify the knowledge, beliefs and ideas of young Wrocław residents about the Jewish cemeteries located in the city. The subject of the analysis was, first of all, knowledge of their history, importance for local culture and community; ideas about the role of cemeteries in Jewish culture and customs related to death and funeral. An important aspect was also finding out what the place of cemeteries is and how they are perceived in the local community, do they function in the minds of young people and in what way, are they really known to them and are they associated with the Jewish community living here, or rather perceived as places of memory and museum space.

scholarly journals KONTRIBUSI MODAL SOSIAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA PASCARELOKASI

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Handoyo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
International Trade ◽  
City Government ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Difficult Times ◽  
The City

AbstrakArtikel ini membahas kontribusi modal sosial terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan pedagang kaki lima (PKL). Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Semarang. Wilayah PKL yang diteliti adalah jalan Menteri Soepeno. Pemerintah Kota Semarang merelokasi PKL di wilayah Jalan Pahlawan ke jalan Menteri Supeno sebagai bagian dari upaya untuk mewujudkan Kota Semarang sebagai pusat perdagangan dan jasa berskala internasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pentingnya peran modal sosial bagi pedagang kaki lima untuk bertahan di masa-masa sulit seperti relokasi. PKL yang dipindahkan ke jalan Menteri Soepeno dapat menerima kebijakan pemkot dan berdaptasi secara sosial dan ekonomi dengan lingkungan baru. Modal sosial, utamanya trust dan networking berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan pedagang. Untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan PKL, pemerintah kota perlu mendukung dan mengembangkan modal sosial yang telah mereka miliki.AbstractThis article discusses the contribution of social capital to the welfare of street vendors (PKL). The study was conducted in the city of Semarang. The subject of study is the street vendors in Menteri Soepeno Street Semarang. Semarang city government relocate the street vendors in the area from Jalan Pahlawan to Menteri Supeno as part of its effort to realize the Semarang city as a center of international trade and services. The result shows the importance of the role of social capital for street traders has to survive in difficult times such as relocation. PKL transferred to the road Soepeno Minister can receive local government policies and adapt socially and economically to the new environment. Social capital, particularly trust and networking contribute to improve the welfare of traders. This study concludes that to improve the welfare of street vendors, the city government needs to support and develop the street vendors social capital. 2013 Universitas Negeri Semarang

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