EEU, WTO pose problems to Kazakhstani agri-food sector

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
State Subsidies ◽  
Agriculture And Food

Subject Outlook for the food and agriculture sectors. Significance Speaking in Astana in June, Kazakhstani President Nursultan Nazarbayev said the country's agricultural sector was expected to benefit from 16 billion dollars in foreign direct investment (FDI) by 2021. This is foreseen in the 'Agribusiness-2020' strategic programme, which was adopted in February 2013. Agriculture and food processing remain key areas of Kazakhstan's economy, the former having traditionally absorbed a large amount of state subsidies. However, their future looks uncertain in light of Kazakhstan's accession to the WTO and its membership in the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). Impacts Flooding the Kazakhstani market with cheap imports may lead to mass bankruptcies in domestic agri-business and spark social unrest. Corruption remains a serious obstacle to the efficient use of government-allocated funds to support agriculture and food processing. Investor interest in Kazakhstan's agriculture will remain limited because of internal constraints.

Kazakhstan will fear low oil price longevity

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Scenario ◽  
Emergency Plans ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
State Of The Union ◽  
Presidential Succession ◽  
Economic Union

Subject Kazakhstan's oil-based economy. Significance President Nursultan Nazarbayev addressed the nation in his traditional 'State of the Union' address on November 30, taking stock of the past year and laying out new objectives for 2016. The president acknowledged a difficult economic period in Kazakhstan due to sharp declines in the price of oil and other export commodities. According to Nazarbayev, his government has worked out emergency plans for the worst-case scenario, whereby the price of oil drops to 20 dollars per barrel. Impacts The current recession in Russia will degrade the attractiveness of the Eurasian Economic Union. The economic slump heightens the risk of political instability in case of a sudden presidential succession. Astana will focus on ensuring socioeconomic stability and trying to avoid social unrest like that in Zhanaozen in late 2011.

Application of lean practices in small and medium-sized food enterprises

2013 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Dora ◽  
Dirk Van Goubergen ◽  
Maneesh Kumar ◽  
Adrienn Molnar ◽  
Xavier Gellynck
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lean Practices ◽  
The Status ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Purpose – Recent literature emphasizes the application of lean manufacturing practices to food processing industries in order to improve operational efficiency and productivity. Only a very limited number of studies have focused on the implementation of lean manufacturing practices within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in the food sector. The majority of these studies used the case study method and concentrated on individual lean manufacturing techniques geared towards resolving efficiency issues. This paper aims to analyze the status of the lean manufacturing practices and their benefits and barriers among European food processing SMEs. Design/methodology/approach – A structured questionnaire was developed to collect data. A total of 35 SMEs' representatives, mostly CEOs and operations managers, participated in the survey. The study investigated the role of two control variables in lean implementation: size of the company and country of origin. Findings – The findings show that lean manufacturing practice deployment in food processing SMEs is generally low and still evolving. However, some lean manufacturing practices are more prevalent than others; e.g. flow, pull and statistical process control are not widely used by the food processing SMEs, whereas total productive maintenance, employee involvement, and customer association are more widespread. The key barriers encountered by food SMEs in the implementation of lean manufacturing practices result from the special characteristics of the food sector, such as highly perishable products, complicated processing, extremely variable raw materials, recipes and unpredictable demand. In addition, lack of knowledge and resources makes it difficult for food processing SMEs to embark on the lean journey. Originality/value – The gap in the literature regarding the application of lean manufacturing in the food sector is identified and addressed in this study. The originality of this paper lies in analyzing the current status of the use of lean manufacturing practices among food SMEs in Europe and identifying potential barriers.

Higher tax to replace Russia's metal export duty

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Export Duty ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Domestic Prices ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Government

Significance Officials are trying to correct high domestic prices which they see as unjustified, and to claw back what they regard as excessive profits earned by metals companies. Impacts Export duties could exert upward pressure on global prices of steel, nickel and aluminium. Exports to the Eurasian Economic Union are exempt, so the government will need a failsafe system to prevent re-exports to third countries. The export duties will reduce the corporate income tax earned by metal-producing regions.

Corporate governance codes of Eurasian Economic Union countries: a comparative investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirgul Nizaeva ◽  
Ali Uyar
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Oecd Principles ◽  
Corporate Governance Codes ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to comparatively analyze the corporate governance codes of transition economies, particularly five Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) members (i.e. Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Armenia). Specifically, the convergence or divergence of these countries’ corporate governance codes among themselves as well as relative to the best practices of the UK Corporate Governance Code (UK Code) and the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance are investigated. Design/methodology/approach Initially, the existing literature on corporate governance with special focus on transition countries is reviewed. Afterwards, benchmarking the international best practices, based on main chapters and contents, the corporate governance codes of all countries in the sample are analyzed. Findings The paper finds that even though some principles of the corporate governance codes of the countries in the sample differ in some aspects, they do converge to some extent. However, high misalignments between the UK Code and the OECD Principles and the codes of selected countries in some aspects were found. Research limitations/implications The conclusion and implications of the study characterize the corporate governance of selected developing countries; thus, they might not be generalizable to other countries. Practical implications The codes of the countries in the sample should be revised, and more specifications regarding the stakeholder, board structure, its subcommittees, independence, diversity and transparency issues need to be addressed. Originality/value The paper comprehensively analyzes the contents of corporate governance codes of transition countries; from both practical and academic point of view, it was important gap that needed to be fulfilled.

Prospects for Russia/CIS in the third quarter

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Breaking Point ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
The West ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union

Subject Prospects for Russia/CIS in the third quarter. Significance The third quarter could see a significant worsening of Russia's ties with the West. With the Donbas crisis threatening to erupt into open war as in 2014 and early 2015, the Minsk 2.0 process is strained to breaking-point. Recent months have seen the gradual deterioration of the February peace plan, with heavier skirmishing culminating in the recent battle for Maryinka. In Ukraine, the economic situation remains a major problem. In Central Asia, regional economies are suffering from Russia's slowdown, as some strengthen their integration with Russia as part of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU).

Belarus leader espouses patriotism to ensure survival

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Union Leaders ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Vladimir Putin ◽  
Constitutional Changes

Subject Soft versus hard versions of nationalism in Belarus. Significance Under pressure from Moscow to make concessions on energy and political relations, President Alexander Lukashenka is trying to turn this to his advantage by presenting himself as the sole effective defender of Belarusian independence. The opposition is warning Lukashenka not to submit to Russian expansionism, making this a central issue for a presidential election due by August 30. Moscow may consider backing an alternative to Lukashenka, but pressing too hard might be counterproductive. Impacts A sudden economic downturn caused by oil supply problems could provoke apolitical and less controllable protests. Constitutional changes in Russia reduce the likelihood that Vladimir Putin wants to head a unified Russian-Belarusian state. Lukashenka will try to rally support from other Eurasian Economic Union leaders in his campaign for better trade terms with Russia. The president will use US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo's visit and EU engagement as a partial balance against Russia.

War could leave Libyans without water

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government

Significance Greater Tripoli is particularly vulnerable to any disruption of the infrastructure, while the COVID-19 pandemic makes adequate water supply to the capital and other urban centres even more critical. Impacts Fresh disruption of water supplies would fuel public anger and exacerbate social unrest, probably causing more armed clashes. Service disruptions and unrest would worsen tensions within the Government of National Accord, further undermining its authority. Water shortages will also undercut efforts to develop Libya’s agricultural sector as a way of diversifying its oil-dependent economy.

Tajik election may be president's last before handover

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union

Significance The decision to hold the election on October 11, a month earlier than scheduled, may be intended to pre-empt employment and energy problems, both likely to worsen before year-end. Impacts A wave of arrests of opposition figures is likely ahead of the election, despite them posing no threat. Completion of the Roghun hydroelectric scheme, seen as the eventual solution to Tajikistan's energy shortages, is within sight. Despite economic problems, Rahmon still shows no inclination to join the Russian-led Eurasian Economic Union.

scholarly journals Interaction of the Eurasian Economic Union and its member states in the sphere of agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-501
Author(s):  
Mark Entin ◽  
Dmitriy Galushko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Economic Union

The aim of the paper is to consider the international experience of delineating spheres of responsibility of national and supranational regulators in the sphere of agriculture on the example of the Eurasian Economic Union. Used philosophical, general scientific and special methods helped to provide an assessment of the process, which shows that, due to the incompleteness of the process of economic integration, the existing institutional structure of the Union cannot be considered as finalized, and therefore the assignment of certain powers to the Union's bodies is situational, which prevents the formulation of final conclusions on the specifics of delimiting the spheres of responsibility of national and supranational regulators and the boundaries of powers of national regulators in the agricultural sector. The authors concluded that Eurasian Economic Commission's powers and competence in the sphere of agriculture should be expanded in order to achieve aims of the integration entity.

Eurasian Union will be economic not political block

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Influence ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
The West ◽  
Single Currency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Slowdown ◽  
Free Movement Of Goods ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Capital Services

Subject Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union Significance The Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) came into effect in January 2015, replacing a customs union. The EEU is an attempt to integrate the economies of Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia -- with Kyrgyzstan set to join in May -- into a single market of 175 million people with a combined GDP of 2.4 trillion dollars. Supranational and intergovernmental institutions are intended to ensure the free movement of goods, capital, services and people within the union, which also foresees common transport, agriculture and energy policies, a single currency, and closer future integration. Impacts Following Crimea's annexation, the EEU is increasingly seen by skeptics as a Russian attempt to grow its political influence in Eurasia. Kazakhstan will continue to develop strong relations with China and the West despite being an EEU member. Russia's economic slowdown may have serious consequences for remittance payments back to other EEU member countries.

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