The Fight against Idleness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony F. Heath ◽  
Elisabeth Garratt ◽  
Ridhi Kashyap ◽  
Yaojun Li ◽  
Lindsay Richards
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Educational Expansion ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Wide Range

Unemployment has a wide range of adverse consequences over and above the effects of the low income which people out of work receive. In the first decades after the war Britain tended to have a lower unemployment rate than most peer countries but this changed in the 1980s and 1990s, when Britain’s unemployment rate surged during the two recessions—possibly as a result of policies designed to tackle inflation. The young, those with less education, and ethnic minorities have higher risks of unemployment and these risks are cumulative. The evidence suggests that the problems facing young men with only low qualifications became relatively worse in the 1990s and 2000s. This perhaps reflects the dark side of educational expansion, young people with low qualifications being left behind and exposed in the labour market.

China job market risks go beyond unemployment

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Risks ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Jobs

Subject Labour market conditions in China. Significance China’s official unemployment rate in 2014 was 4.09%, up from 4.05% in 2013. For the three previous years, it had stood still at exactly 4.10%. These implausible data give the illusion of stability during a period of slowing growth and economic uncertainty, and obscure a complex and volatile labour market that now presents a serious challenge to the government. The government is well aware of the pressures on the labour market and has stated its intention to create 10 million new jobs this year. Impacts Fewer young people will enter the workforce, and those who do will have much higher expectations. An older workforce means higher wage demands and the payment of pensions and medical insurance. China will have to find suitable employment for an increasing number of graduates; 7.5 million this year alone. Vocational and on-the-job training will have to revamped and invigorated to meet the demands of both employers and employees. The government's reliance on 'entrepreneurial spirit' to create new jobs could create more social tension.

scholarly journals Mind the Gap Between Higher Education and the Labour Market for Students with a Disability in the Netherlands: A Research Agenda

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Marjolein Büscher-Touwen ◽  
Marian De Groot ◽  
Lineke Van Hal
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Students With A Disability ◽  
Disability Research

The transition from higher education to the labour market is experienced as difficult by students with a disability. This gap between higher education and the labour market has tangible consequences for the participation of (young) people with a disability. Research shows that these students have a higher unemployment rate. This article addresses this gap by studying existing research data and by exploring experiences of students with a disability and other stakeholders as collected by the Dutch expert centre Handicap + Studie. We focus on the perspectives and responsibilities of the different parties involved: educational institutions, employers, municipalities, ministries and students with a disability. With this exercise, we want to contribute to putting this ‘gap’ and its stakeholders on the research agenda, arguing that more in-depth research on the transition from higher education to the labour market for students with a disability is needed. We will therefore conclude with themes that need to be researched in order to gain more knowledge for reducing the gap.

Making ends meet: Young people, work and the criminal economy

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob White
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Relationship

This paper attempts to locate changes in young people's involvement in crime, and the policing of young people, within the context of a changing political economy and the broken transitions experienced by a significant proportion of young men and young women. It begins by significant proportion of young men and young women. It begins by discussing how many young working class people have been excluded from the formal waged economy due to structural changes in the labour market. The paper then explores the relationship between the “cash crisis” affecting many unemployed school leavers, and their income and lifestyle options in the spheres of the informal waged economy, the informal unwaged economy, and the criminal economy

scholarly journals The phenomenon of the precariat in the Polish labour market during Poland’s membership in the European Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 137-151
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Cymbranowicz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Social Group ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Market Position ◽  
New Type ◽  
Labour Market Position

Studies of the scale of unemployment in Poland and in Europe conducted in recent years lead to the conclusion that one of the largest and growing problems of the modern labour market is the unemployment rate among young people. An unfavourable phenomenon related to this issue, which is increasingly often appearing in public debate, is the rising unemployment of graduates. Therefore, it is important to attempt to identify related phenomena in today’s job market, and one of such phenomena is the emergence of a new type of employee in the labour market, a member of the precarious class. The analysis aims to present the origins, nature and scale of the precariat phenomenon in Poland. The issue is described from the perspective of the labour market position of a selected social group, i.e. young people entering the labour market after finishing their education. The study attempted to identify factors that affect this phenomenon and the characteristics confirming the sense of its separateness in the labour market.

scholarly journals Kim jest polski NEET?

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanka Serafin-Juszczak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Employment Education

The phenomenon of NEET (not in employment, education or training), which was developed in the European Union, has not been comprehensively investigated in Poland. This problem concerns the situation of young people outside the employment sphere and the sphere of education, which makes them particularly vulnerable to social exclusion. Different rates of young people in the labour market, particularly the unemployment rate, according to the European Union proved to be insufficient. In most countries the scale of NEET is not marginal and there are always variations within a given country. But there are also some additional difficulties in NEET analysis such as different legal conditions between Polish and other EU countries concerning the compulsory education or other forms of obligatory learning and heterogeneity of the age categories. This article concerns the initial characteristics of the NEET category in Poland in comparison to the European Union.

scholarly journals Supporting NEETs — challenges facing labor market institutions in Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Sylwia Saczyńska-Sokół
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Labor Market Institutions ◽  
Public Employment ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Employment Services ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Labour Market Institutions ◽  
Wide Range

Research background: Various and complicated reasons for belonging to the NEET category (not in education, employment or training), resulting largely from young people’s personal and family circumstances, cause that the activation programmes undertaken by public employment services, both in the professional and educational sphere, prove inadequate. Despite the fact that labour market instruments dedicated to young people represent a wide range of possibilities for supporting them in combating professional and educational inactivity, the background of their problems requires new actions that should be undertaken by labour market institutions and their partners. Purpose of the article: Taking the above into consideration, the aim of this study is to identify the challenges faced by the public employment services and other labour market institutions in the area of activating youth experiencing the most difficult situation in the labour market. Methods: The article is based partly on the results of quantitative and qualitative research, conducted in the framework of the project implemented by the Provincial Labour Office in Bialystok Podlasie open to young people, financed by Operational Programme Knowledge Education Development (PO WER). Findings & Value added: The results of the study have led to the identification of necessary actions which should be undertaken by labour market institutions to support young people representing the NEET generation. These actions can be classified into different categories. They include preventing inclusion into the NEET group, developing the most effective solutions in the area of getting in touch with this group of young people and supporting them as well as creating a culture of cooperation for their benefit. The study has also revealed the need to carry out in-depth research of the NEET population.

Das deutsche Jugendbeschäftigungswunder

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Education System ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
International Data ◽  
Labour Market Entry

AbstractThe unemployment among young people in Germany is one of the lowest in Europe. Notably, the relation between the unemployment rate among young people and the standard unemployment rate is rather low compared to other EU member states. How can this phenomenon be explained? We show, that the German vocational education system ensures labour market entry for many graduates, but also, that vocational preparation courses are extensively used by low skilled young people. If we reassess youth unemployment by the number of participants in such courses we obtain a “shadow unemployment rate for young people” which is in line with official international data. Therefore, minimum labour market qualification standards are often not met by young people. To ensure labour market entry for these persons, we suggest that apprenticeship pay should allowed to be differentiated by qualification. Furthermore, vocational preparation courses should be constructed in a way which leads the young people directly into vocational training with certified degrees.

scholarly journals The multivariate techniques in evaluation of unemployment analysis of Polish regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-380
Author(s):  
Anna Tatarczak ◽  
Oleksandra Boichuk
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Labour Market Situation ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Central Statistical

Research background: The labour market situation is considered to be the most widely discussed part of economic development. However, it should be noted that the unemployment situation of young people (aged 15–24 years) in Poland in general terms seems to be problematic. Overall, the unemployment rate among young people in Poland is significantly higher than the overall unemployment rate in the EU.  Moreover, the situation varies greatly across the regions. Purpose of the article: Using multivariate techniques as a theoretical framework, the main goal of the paper is to identify groups of Polish regions that share similar patterns regarding unemployment among young people. To reach this goal, first a set of labour market indicators were selected. Next, the authors compared the labour market situation of young people between the Polish regions in 2005 and in 2014. Finally, the conclusions regarding the conducted analysis are explored. Methods: The initial calculation is based on the concept of the taxonomic measure developed by Hellwig. The final method used to create clusters of objects (across 16 voivodeships of Poland) is cluster analysis. A segmentation of the voivodeships is observed for the years 2005 and 2014, based on selected indicators to determine the labour market situation. The data was gathered from the databases of the Central Statistical Office of Poland and Eurostat. Findings & Value added: Through the exploration of the advantages of multivariate methods, the nature of youth unemployment is revealed in more detail. Indeed, dendrogram analysis divided the voivodeships into five groups, which are characterized by similar features associated with the labour market. It was found that the groups which emerged in 2005 have a different composition of regions than in 2014; this difference seems to be connected with the economic crisis.

Methods of Countering Cyber Recruitment (Iraq Model)

2019 ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Hind Mohammed Abdul Jabbar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Information Network ◽  
Political Repression ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Terrorist Organizations ◽  
Other Hand

Connecting to the  electronic information network (internet) became the most characteristic that distinguish this era However , the long hours which young men daily spend on the internet On the other hand ,there are many people who are waiting for the chance to talk and convince them with their views This will lead the young people to be part in the project of the “cyber armies “that involved with states and terrorist organizations  This project has been able  to recruitment hundreds of people every day to work in its rank . It is very difficult to control these websites because we can see the terrorist presence in all its forms in the internet   In addition there are many incubation environments that feed in particular the young people minds                                                                                         Because they are suffering from the lack of social justice Also the unemployment, deprivation , social and political repression So , that terrorist organizations can attract young people through the internet by convincing them to their views and ideas . So these organizations will enable to be more  stronger.

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