Manifestations of workplace ostracism: an insight into academics' psychological well-being

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tehreem Fatima ◽  
Ahmad Raza Bilal ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Imran ◽  
Ambreen Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Workplace Ostracism ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Teaching Faculty ◽  
Context Specific

PurposeOstracism is a subjective and relative concept that renders itself to multiple manifestations and context-specific outcomes. Therefore, this study identified specific behaviours that are perceived as workplace ostracism by teaching faculty of Pakistani Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs). Building on belongingness theory, the ramifications of ostracism on psychological well-being are outlined along with the context-specific factors that shape these outcomes.Design/methodology/approachA phenomenological approach was adopted, and 30 semi-structured interviews from the teaching faculty of HEIs in Lahore, Pakistan, were conducted. The transcribed interviews were coded, and an inductive thematic analysis via NVivo 12 Plus software was used to generate themes and sub-themes.FindingsFive behaviours, i.e. biased treatment, exclusion from formal and informal interactions, interpersonal alienation, delayed sharing or hiding of knowledge, lack of work-related, social and emotional support constituted the acts of ostracism in studied HEIs. The psychological well-being of faculty suffered in terms of negative emotions, reduced job, career and life satisfaction in their work and family life. The contextual factors deciding the intensity of outcomes resulting from workplace encompassed head of department (HOD) support, pay, friendly relations, fear of confrontation, alternative job options and designation of faculty members.Originality/valueThis research is a pioneer in using an in-depth phenomenological approach to define a behavioural typology of ostracism in academia. Moreover, a much needed holistic outcome of psychological well-being is explored in work and non-work domains and further elucidated in light of context-specific factors.

scholarly journals Is it my fault and how will I react? A phenomenology of perceived causes and consequences of workplace ostracism

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Raza Bilal ◽  
Tehreem Fatima ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Imran ◽  
Kamran Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Work Context ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Workplace Ostracism ◽  
Teaching Faculty ◽  
Exploratory Inquiry

PurposeThis exploratory inquiry sheds light on the nature of victim (i.e. provocative and passive) and specific work context in shaping the perceived causes and outcomes of felt workplace ostracism in teaching faculty of Pakistani higher educational institutions (HEIs) based on target-centric victimization framework.Design/methodology/approachThis phenomenological research is based on data gathered from 30 ostracized teaching faculty members working in Pakistani public and private HEIs through in-depth semi-structured interviews. The interviews were tape-recorded, and transcription was entered in NVivo 12 Plus software to conduct thematic analysis.FindingsThis study found that provocative and submissive victim status, as well as the specific contextual factors in Pakistani HEIs (i.e. negative competition, cronyism, egoism and poor interpersonal relationships), is responsible for fostering workplace ostracism and yielding unique outcomes in each case.Originality/valueThis study has taken the scantly used target-centric victimization framework to distinguish the causes and consequences of workplace ostracism based on the nature of victim and work context in Pakistani HEIs .

Why ostracized full-time faculty should not be labeled as “low performer”? A qualitative insight from higher education in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Raza Bilal ◽  
Tehreem Fatima ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Imran
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Collectivist Culture ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Workplace Ostracism ◽  
Academic Settings ◽  
Time Faculty

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how the exclusionary work environment characterized by ostracism impacts full-time faculty experiences and responses in higher educational institutions working in eastern and collectivist culture of Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, the data were gathered form 25 ostracized full-time faculty working in the public and private universities in Lahore, Pakistan via in-depth semi-structured interviews. The interviews are subsequently recorded, transcribed and analyzed by thematic analysis using NVivo 11 Plus software. Findings Prosocial work outcomes coupled with high intensity of negative psychological impacts were traced based on the re-inclusion expectations, long-term relational contract, the socially interdependent, collaborative and collectivist culture of academic settings. However, the faculty indicated, in case of chronic exposure to ostracism they will engage in negative outcomes such as withdrawal, decrease in performance and resignation. Research limitations/implications The results of this study can be used by the university administration to develop an inclusive and non-discriminatory culture. This can be done by devising policies for information sharing, better formal and informal relationships in full-time teaching faculty along with grievance mechanism to minimize the occurrence of workplace ostracism. Originality/value The study promotes the understating of exclusionary work environments in academic settings. It has shown that the full-time faculty from all levels, specifically lecturers, experience workplace ostracism. This study has highlighted the specific contextual factors and temporal trends that shape the unique nature and responses (i.e. more social exclusion, prosocial responses and higher psychological distress) to ostracism in scantly researched academic settings in Pakistan.

Managing the work-family interface: experience of construction project managers

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Turner ◽  
Anthony Mariani
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Family

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the work-family experience of projects managers working in the construction industry, and identify how they manage their work-family interface. Design/methodology/approach – Structured interviews were conducted with nine construction project managers working in the commercial sector, and data were subject to thematic analysis. Findings – Role conditions were found to impact on participants’ work-family interface, identified as working hours, accountability, and the stress arising from accountability. Participants identified four key strategies used to manage their work-family interface: managing work-based stress, having a supportive partner, prioritising non-work time for family, and trading off activities. Despite having to limit time with family and trade off social and leisure activities, participants did not report negative work-to-family spillover. All participants shared a passion for their work. Findings can be explained using the heavy worker investment model, which proposes that job devotion is linked to psychological well-being, decreases in work-family conflict (WFC), and work satisfaction. Originality/value – Contrary to previous research, findings suggest that construction project managers did not experience inter-role conflict between their work and family domains. It is recommended that further research explore these findings using the heavy work investment (HWI) framework which considers how internal and external predictors shape workers’ behaviour, and whether HWI typologies moderate the experience of WFC.

scholarly journals An exploration of engagement in community based creative activities as an occupation for older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luned Edwards ◽  
Bethan Owen-Booth
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Creative Arts ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of older adults (aged 60 and over) participating in community-based creative arts. With an ever increasing ageing population, understanding the benefits of leisure occupations such as community creative arts will be vital for Occupational Therapists in facilitating participation and active engagement. Design/methodology/approach An empirical qualitative research design with an interpretive phenomenological approach was undertaken. A purposive sampling method enlisted four older adult volunteers whose experiences of creative arts were explored through semi-structured interviews. Interview data were analysed thematically. Findings Participants identified many benefits of engaging in community creative arts. Four main themes were identified, namely, “personal benefits”, “choice” in their occupation, “encouragement” to and from others, with the environment facilitating “socialising”. These resulted in improved occupational performance and positive well-being outcomes. Originality/value The study complements national policy and extends evidence-based practice on the potential well-being benefits on older adults. In support of the preventative agenda, occupational therapists may apply these findings to increase social prescribing within practice.

scholarly journals The Psychological Well-Being of Newly-Arrived Indonesian Students in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (S3) ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
Ferry Fadzlul Rahman ◽  
Kuan_Han Lin ◽  
Hamka
Keyword(s):  
Culture Shock ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Study Abroad Program ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Case Study Data

A study abroad program is of great interest among high school leavers globally. Indonesian school leavers are no exception. This study investigates the psychological well-being of Indonesian students studying at Taiwanese universities. Informed by a phenomenological approach, sixteen Indonesian participants who studied in Taiwan were recruited for this case study. Data were garnered from semi-structured interviews and observations. The findings of the study show that the students were unable to manage their emotions (e.g., culture shock, a feeling of being isolated) and adapt with different cultures and languages.

A eudaimonic perspective on prejudice and female workers’ psychological well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tala Abuhussein ◽  
Tamer Koburtay ◽  
Jawad Syed
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Women In Leadership ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Gender Prejudice ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to use Ryff’s (1989) eudaimonic view to examine how prejudice toward female workers affects their psychological well-being. Design/methodology/approach Responses were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews along with open-ended questions in a paper-based survey. In total, 24 female workers across various organizations in Jordan participated in this study. Findings The results show how prejudice against female workers can affect the six dimensions of their eudaimonic psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989). Specifically, the results show that prejudice may push women to work harder to prove they are capable of achieving their goals and, as a result, it may positively enhance their self-acceptance, sense of growth, purpose in life and autonomy. However, the study also shows that prejudice against women negatively affects their environmental mastery and relationships with others. Practical implications This study may help create greater sensitivity and awareness about gender prejudice and its effects on female workers’ psychological well-being. It also highlights women’s resilience which may be deemed valuable to develop women in leadership roles in organizations. Originality/value This study offers a fresh and nuanced understanding of the impact of gender prejudice on female workers’ psychological well-being.

Measuring subjective well-being in an understudied population of young Western-African IDPs and refugees

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Guido Veronese ◽  
Alessandro Pepe ◽  
Giovanni Sala ◽  
Marzia Vigliaroni
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Validity Criteria ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Partial Revision ◽  
Translation And Cultural Adaptation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report a real-life empirical case and discuss some caveats emerged in measuring subjective well-being (SWB) in an understudied population of adolescents refugees from West Africa. Design/methodology/approach During the process of translation and cultural adaptation of the subjective well-being assessment scale in the target population, the model of measurement presented some weakness with regard to content validity criteria. Findings This leads to a partial revision of the model and the development of new locally-based domains of SWB. Originality/value Context-specific factors’ robustness showed the dynamic and culture-informed nature of the SWB construct. Practical and theoretical implications of using quantitative questionnaires in non-western contexts characterized by high grades of insecurity and instability will be discussed.

Family experiences of caregiving to patients with Alzheimer

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Al-Zyoud ◽  
Mahmoud Maharmeh ◽  
Muayyad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Medical Clinic ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to describe and understand the family experience of caregiving to their Alzheimer patients and to explore the impact of caregiving on the family’s caregiver well-being. Design/methodology/approach The study involved eight family caregivers from the outpatient department, specifically from the neurology-medical clinic. A descriptive phenomenological approach was used for data collection through in-depth semi-structured interviews. Findings Four themes emerged: caregiver perception, tension, the sense of duty and commitment and altruism and sacrifice. The experience of family caregivers was different from their experiences with other chronic illnesses. Originality/value The family caregivers experience new life when providing care to their patients with Alzheimer's. The impact of the process of caregiving on whole life appeared in both positive and negative aspects. The perception and awareness of family caregivers toward Alzheimer’s disease were poor.

Academia and Motherhood: A Narrative Inquiry of Ontario Academic Mothers’ Experiences in University Graduate Programs

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110648
Author(s):  
Kimberly M. Hillier
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Inquiry ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Graduate Studies ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Embodied Experiences ◽  
Life Issues

This research provides a qualitative narrative inquiry into the experiences of academic mothers from a Southwestern Ontario university campus. Analysis of the semi-structured interviews and focus groups reveal six key themes regarding the nexus between motherhood and academia: (1) intersection of work and family; (2) embodied experiences of pregnancy; (3) mentoring and networking opportunities; (4) inconsistencies between institutional and program policies; (5) departmental support; and (6) an overall level of satisfaction in being a mother during graduate studies. These key findings are discussed and highlight some of the challenges associated with balancing motherhood, graduate studies, and family life. Issues related to maternal well-being, gender equity, diversity, and inclusion within academia are also discussed and shed light on the experiences of this increasing, yet largely overlooked demographic on Canadian university campuses.

Work from home: Indonesian employees' mental well-being and productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Auditya Purwandini Sutarto ◽  
Shanti Wardaningsih ◽  
Wika Harisa Putri
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mental Well Being

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore to what extent employees' mental well-being affects their productivity while working from home (WFH) during the COVID-19 crisis and whether mental well-being and productivity differ across some socio-demographic factors.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study with online questionnaires was designed with 472 valid responses in Indonesia. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) were administered. Non-parametric tests and structural equation modeling were employed to analyze the data.FindingsThe prevalence of depression was 18.4%, anxiety 46.4% and stress 13.1%, with relatively good productivity. Gender, age, education level, job experiences, marital status, number of children and nature of the organization were associated with the employees' psychological health but not with their productivity, while the workspace availability influenced both outcomes. The study path model showed the negative correlation between WFH employees' psychological well-being and productivity.Research limitations/implicationsThis study may contribute to the implication of current mandatory WFH on mental well-being and productivity. Further studies need to address the representativeness and generalizability issues as well as incorporating potential stressors.Practical implicationsOrganizations may adopt WFH as a future working arrangement and identify the individual and occupational characteristics that provide the most impacts on productivity. It is also necessary for them to develop proper strategies to mitigate the psychological risks and overcome the WFH challenges.Originality/valueThere is still a lack of studies investigating the relationship between simultaneous effects of WFH on psychological well-being and productivity, and how they affect some socio-demographic variables in the context of COVID-19.

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