Reflections on team culture, structure and function of an intensive support service centred on positive behavioural support

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Patterson ◽  
Samuel Berry
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Behavioural Support ◽  
Team Culture ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore experiences of team culture, structure and function of an intensive support service (ISS) within the context of the recent service guidance “Building the Right Support” (NHS England, Local Government Association and Association of Directors of Adult Social Services, 2015). Reflections on the Hampshire and Southampton ISS set up in 2010 are discussed with a view to informing a debate about frameworks for ISS services nationally. Design/methodology/approach A reflective piece, drawing on experience and case examples. Findings This paper describes that a key function of an ISS is making individuals safe and this is significantly assisted by using shared team formulation, which can enable information and perspectives to be shared between and within teams as rapidly as possible. Further, a case is made for recognising the importance of inter-disciplinary practice, as the Southampton and Hampshire ISS has removed the “old fashioned” demarcations that led to individuals seeing a “procession” of different professionals from different disciplines. This relates to team structure, but importantly is about a culture of holding a shared identity based on positive behavioural support values, rather than a traditional uni-disciplinary perspective. Practical implications ISS models are being proposed by NHS England and this paper suggests some important practical aspects. Originality/value Limited literature exists examining the team culture within ISSs, which contributes to desired outcomes for service users. This paper opens a debate about structural and functional aspects of service delivery in this service model.

Commentary on “Reflections on culture, structure and function of an intensive support service centred on positive behavioural support”

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Toogood
Keyword(s):  
Support Service ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Behavioural Support ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Service Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Behaviour Support ◽  
The Uk ◽  
And Function

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on Patterson and Berry’s paper “Reflections on culture, structure and function of an intensive support service centred on positive behavioural support”. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviews key ideas presented in Patterson and Berry’s article relative to the recent history of service delivery in the UK and the growing interest being shown in positive behaviour support. Findings Patterson and Berry’s article adds to a modest literature on specialist support services and should stimulate further descriptions of service models and the concepts underpinning them. Originality/value The literature on specialist support service models is limited and this addition should be relevant to a wide range of clinicians, consumers and commissioners.

scholarly journals Campylobacter jejuni Triggers Signaling through Host Cell Focal Adhesions To Inhibit Cell Motility

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney M. Klappenbach ◽  
Nicholas M. Negretti ◽  
Jesse Aaron ◽  
Teng-Leong Chew ◽  
Michael E. Konkel
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Function

Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen that causes severe gastritis. We investigated the dynamics of focal adhesion structure and function in C. jejuni -infected epithelial cells.

scholarly journals Regulation of OmpA Translation and Shigella dysenteriae Virulence by an RNA Thermometer

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin R. Murphy ◽  
Johanna Roßmanith ◽  
Jacob Sieg ◽  
Megan E. Fris ◽  
Hebaallaha Hussein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bacterial Physiology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rna Thermometer ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACT RNA thermometers are cis-acting riboregulators that mediate the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in response to environmental temperature. Such regulation is conferred by temperature-responsive structural changes within the RNA thermometer that directly result in differential ribosomal binding to the regulated transcript. The significance of RNA thermometers in controlling bacterial physiology and pathogenesis is becoming increasingly clear. This study combines in silico, molecular genetics, and biochemical analyses to characterize both the structure and function of a newly identified RNA thermometer within the ompA transcript of Shigella dysenteriae. First identified by in silico structural predictions, genetic analyses have demonstrated that the ompA RNA thermometer is a functional riboregulator sufficient to confer posttranscriptional temperature-dependent regulation, with optimal expression observed at the host-associated temperature of 37°C. Structural studies and ribosomal binding analyses have revealed both increased exposure of the ribosomal binding site and increased ribosomal binding to the ompA transcript at permissive temperatures. The introduction of site-specific mutations predicted to alter the temperature responsiveness of the ompA RNA thermometer has predictable consequences for both the structure and function of the regulatory element. Finally, in vitro tissue culture-based analyses implicate the ompA RNA thermometer as a bona fide S. dysenteriae virulence factor in this bacterial pathogen. Given that ompA is highly conserved among Gram-negative pathogens, these studies not only provide insight into the significance of riboregulation in controlling Shigella virulence, but they also have the potential to facilitate further understanding of the physiology and/or pathogenesis of a wide range of bacterial species.

Structure and function in the excretory system of archaeogastropods and their significance in the evolution of gastropods

1985 ◽  
Vol 310 (1145) ◽  
pp. 383-406 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Renal Vein ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Excretory System ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function

Three species of archaeogastropod mollusc, Monodonta lineata (da Costa), Emarginula reticulata Sowerby and Patella vulgata L. were selected as representative members of the Trochacea, Fissurellacea and Patellacea, respectively, for a comparative anatomical and ultrastructural study of the excretory system. Primary urine formation takes place by filtration of blood through the walls of the paired auricles in Monodonta and Emarginula and of the single auricle and ventricle in Patella . Urine then passes to right and left kidneys along the renopericardial canals. Contrary to earlier reports the two kidneys are different in structure and function in all three species, the larger right kidney retaining the primitive function of nitrogenous excretion, the left having a predominantly resorptive role and with a capacity to abstract from the blood solutes of larger molecular mass. The difference in the size of the two kidneys is exaggerated in Patella and Emarginula as a consequence of partial restoration of bilateral symmetry in these limpets. It has been possible to demonstrate at the ultrastructural level that the minute left kidney of Emarginula is functional. The vacuolated epithelial cells of the right kidney contain layered excretory spherules composed of purines, melanin and ferric iron in different proportions in the three genera. There is close similarity in the ultrastructural organization of these cells in Monodonta and Emarginula , but those of Patella show marked differences and their excretory spherules contain a higher proportion of melanin. The position of the left kidney in the mantle skirt, as exemplified by Monodonta , is believed to have arisen in the earliest gastropods correlated with the development of helical coiling. This was accompanied by a change in its blood vessels. It has lost its afferent renal vein, which primitively would have carried deoxygenated blood from the viscera, an arrangement which persists in the right kidney. The left efferent renal vein is reduced in Monodonta and lost in Patella and Emarginula . A new vessel has arisen linking left auricle and left kidney and there is evidence to suggest that it carries post-branchial oxygenated blood. It is believed to serve as both an afferent and major efferent route. The physiological implications of this change in the blood supply are discussed and held to be responsible for the functional differences between the two kidneys, creating conditions in the left which favour resorption of organic solutes and ions, and leaving the right kidney with the primary role of nitrogenous excretion. The evolution of the nephridial gland is examined in this context and is also believed to be correlated with the change in the blood supply to the left kidney. Ultrastructural evidence is given in support of its suggested resorptive function. The significance of the differences between right and left kidneys of archaeogastropods is discussed in relation to the evolution of the monotocardian excretory system, and the possible phylogenetic relationships of the groups of archaeogastropods are considered.

Antonio Pacchioni (1665–1726): early studies of the dura mater

1993 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Brunori ◽  
Roberto Vagnozzi ◽  
Renato Giuffrè
Keyword(s):  
Dura Mater ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arachnoid Villi ◽  
Sagittal Sinus ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Absorption ◽  
And Function

✓ The clustering of arachnoid villi along the sagittal sinus forms what is known as “Pacchioni granulations.” These structures were first described in 1705 by Antonio Pacchioni, an Italian scientist. Pacchioni was born in Reggio Emilia, Italy, in 1665, and there he received his degree in medicine. Later he moved to Rome where he built a successful career dedicated to medical practice, research, and teaching. He became a friend of some of the leading scientists of his age: Lancisi, Malpighi, and Morgagni, among others. He devoted himself to elucidating the structure and function of dura mater, and in his studies often used the new technique of maceration of anatomical specimens in various fluids. Among Pacchioni's written works, the Dissertatio Epistolaris de Glandulis Conglobatis Durae Meningis Humanae (1705) deserves the greatest consideration as it contains the first description of arachnoid granulations. He compared dura to cardiac muscle and attributed to its “glandulae” (glands) the faculty of secreting lymph for lubrication of the sliding movements between meninges and brain during contractions. Three centuries after Pacchioni's death in Rome in 1726, the fine structure of arachnoid villi has not been fully elucidated; moreover, many questions related to mechanisms underlying cerebrospinal fluid absorption remain unanswered.

scholarly journals Structure and Function of Glycosylated Tandem Repeats from Candida albicans Als Adhesins

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron T. Frank ◽  
Caleen B. Ramsook ◽  
Henry N. Otoo ◽  
Cho Tan ◽  
Gregory Soybelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Hydrophobic Surfaces ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Aggregation Activity ◽  
Fungal Adhesins ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACT Tandem repeat (TR) regions are common in yeast adhesins, but their structures are unknown, and their activities are poorly understood. TR regions in Candida albicans Als proteins are conserved glycosylated 36-residue sequences with cell-cell aggregation activity (J. M. Rauceo, R. De Armond, H. Otoo, P. C. Kahn, S. A. Klotz, N. K. Gaur, and P. N. Lipke, Eukaryot. Cell 5:1664–1673, 2006). Ab initio modeling with either Rosetta or LINUS generated consistent structures of three-stranded antiparallel β-sheet domains, whereas randomly shuffled sequences with the same composition generated various structures with consistently higher energies. O- and N-glycosylation patterns showed that each TR domain had exposed hydrophobic surfaces surrounded by glycosylation sites. These structures are consistent with domain dimensions and stability measurements by atomic force microscopy (D. Alsteen, V. Dupres, S. A. Klotz, N. K. Gaur, P. N. Lipke, and Y. F. Dufrene, ACS Nano 3:1677–1682, 2009) and with circular dichroism determination of secondary structure and thermal stability. Functional assays showed that the hydrophobic surfaces of TR domains supported binding to polystyrene surfaces and other TR domains, leading to nonsaturable homophilic binding. The domain structures are like “classic” subunit interaction surfaces and can explain previously observed patterns of promiscuous interactions between TR domains in any Als proteins or between TR domains and surfaces of other proteins. Together, the modeling techniques and the supporting data lead to an approach that relates structure and function in many kinds of repeat domains in fungal adhesins.

scholarly journals Dynamic pattern in the structural-functional parameters of the heart in children with myocardial pathology, taking into account morphological functional features of the right ventricle

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
T. А. Holovko
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Dynamic Pattern ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function ◽  
Myocardial Pathology

The purpose of the study was to study the dynamics of changes in morphofunctional heart changes inchildren with non-inflammatory pathology of myocardium on the background of ongoing therapy. There were examined 115 patients (11–18 years old) with various heart diseases.The systolic dysfunction of the myocardium was diagnosedin 50 of them, and treatment was prescribed. In the dynamics, a year later, 40 patients were examined.  It has been established that in children and adolescents, along withpathogenetic and cardiometabolic therapy, in parallel with the improvement of the structure and function of the right ventricle of the heart, morphofunctional indicators ofthe left ventricle are improved.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Right Heart Structure and Function in 40,000 People

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Pirruccello ◽  
Paolo Di Achille ◽  
Victor Nauffal ◽  
Mahan Nekoui ◽  
Samuel N. Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Heart Chamber ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function

The heart evolved hundreds of millions of years ago. During mammalian evolution, the cardiovascular system developed with complete separation between pulmonary and systemic circulations incorporated into a single pump with chambers dedicated to each circulation. A lower pressure right heart chamber supplies deoxygenated blood to the lungs, while a high pressure left heart chamber supplies oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. Due to the complexity of morphogenic cardiac looping and septation required to form these two chambers, congenital heart diseases often involve maldevelopment of the evolutionarily recent right heart chamber. Additionally, some diseases predominantly affect structures of the right heart, including arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and pulmonary hypertension. To gain insight into right heart structure and function, we fine-tuned deep learning models to recognize the right atrium, the right ventricle, and the pulmonary artery, and then used those models to measure right heart structures in over 40,000 individuals from the UK Biobank with magnetic resonance imaging. We found associations between these measurements and clinical disease including pulmonary hypertension and dilated cardiomyopathy. We then conducted genome-wide association studies, identifying 104 distinct loci associated with at least one right heart measurement. Several of these loci were found near genes previously linked with congenital heart disease, such as NKX2-5, TBX3, WNT9B, and GATA4. We also observed interesting commonalities and differences in association patterns at genetic loci linked with both right and left ventricular measurements. Finally, we found that a polygenic predictor of right ventricular end systolic volume was associated with incident dilated cardiomyopathy (HR 1.28 per standard deviation; P = 2.4E-10), and remained a significant predictor of disease even after accounting for a left ventricular polygenic score. Harnessing deep learning to perform large-scale cardiac phenotyping, our results yield insights into the genetic and clinical determinants of right heart structure and function.

scholarly journals State of cardiovascular system in employees with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with arterial hypertension in terms of exposure to toxic games

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
L. A. Panacheva ◽  
L. A. Shpagina
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function ◽  
Large Vessels

Objective. Identification of the features of the cardiovascular system damage in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combined with arterial hypertension (AH) in workers exposed to toxic gases (TG). Materials and methods. 132 house painters and paint production workers of the Novosibirsk aviation enterprise were included in 3 strata and examined: I-COPD and TG; II-COPD in combination with AH when exposed to TG; III COPD in combination with AH without exposure to TG. Employees of all strata were divided by length of service less than 10 and more than 10 years. The selection of workers in groups was carried out by a continuous method. Results. The most pronounced changes on the ECG, regardless of the length of service, were observed in workers with COPD in combination with hypertension and contact with TG (levogram and metabolic changes in the myocardium). When exposed to TG for more than 10 years, hypertrophy of the left parts of the heart was also detected. Among workers with COPD in combination with hypertension exposed to TG, the indicators of average pulmonary artery pressure (APAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) elevated with increasing work experience; changes in the structure and function of the right and left parts of the heart and signs of remodeling of large vessels were also revealed. The same workers showed more pronounced changes in the daily blood pressure profile (DBPP) of AP with the prevalence of Non-dippers and Night-pickers. Conclusions. Among workers suffering from comorbid pathology, with increasing duration of TG exposure over 10 years, there were observed the most pronounced ECG changes (deviation of electrical axis to the left, metabolic changes in the myocardium, hypertrophy of the left heart); increased APAP and PVR 1.21 and 1.10 times; changes in the structure and function of the right and left chambers of the heart, remodeling of large vessels; increase in the frequency of variants of the DBPP of Non-dippers and Night-pickers.

Stranger danger! What’s the real challenge in integration?

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-205
Author(s):  
Anne Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Service Improvement ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Integration Service ◽  
Stranger Danger ◽  
And Function

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the complexities involved in delivering seamless patient-centred care across organisational boundaries. There is particular focus on how working with an organisation outside the public sector challenges the ideology of those involved, thereby hindering progress. It will explore the challenges and solutions to delivering a service and discuss the key components of success. It will investigate the theory of partnership working and balance the importance of the emotional investment and understanding with leadership and project management. Design/methodology/approach It explores the current “crisis” in NHS, along with political statements, emphasising its importance, but failing to address the issues faced by workers and agencies in the “outside” world. It will examine the concept of the “other” to explain the struggle required to gain a place at the table in discussing integration/service improvement. It will use experience in negotiating between a reasonably large care and nursing home provider and public sector bodies in Wales and consider the factors leading to a successful collaboration. Findings The Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act, 2014 makes it clear that integration is seen as a critical means to achieve better outcomes for people and whilst not contesting that principle, the paper shows that integration is often limited in thinking and action to “public sector” integration. Originality/value There have been few attempts to explore the role and function of care and nursing home providers in service improvement from the provider’s perspective. It will challenge the practice of commissioning, that gives all the power to the commissioner and explores the commissioners’ accountability for their role in partnership work. It also offers hope for a different kind of relationship, based on mature conversations and mutual respect, along with a system of governance offering guarantees for sustainability.

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