Discovering the Causal Structure of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression Using Causal Discovery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Mark Chignell ◽  
Haoyan Jiang ◽  
Sachinthya Lokuge ◽  
Geneva Mason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Causal Structure ◽  
Causal Discovery ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

An intervention for depressive symptoms using a commercial game in a mental health impatient setting. (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Rodrigo Guzman Cortez ◽  
Matias Marzocchi ◽  
Neus Freixa Fontanals ◽  
Mercedes Balcells-Olivero
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Pilot Test ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

BACKGROUND Computerized mental health interventions have shown evidence of their potential benefit for mental health outcomes in young users. All of the studied interventions available in the review and scientific literature can be classified as "serious games". Serious games are computerized interventions designed from the start with the objective of improving specific desired health outcomes. Moreover, there are reports of users experiencing subjective benefits in mental health after playing specific commercial games. These were games not intentionally made with a therapeutic objective in the design process. An example is the videogame "Journey", first released for the Playstation 3 console in 2012 which won "Game of the Year" in the 2013 D.I.C.E awards. The creator of the game describes the game as a short, 2-3-hour narrative experience in which the player goes through the "Hero's Journey" following a classic 3-part structure. There were more than 100 testimonials from players describing how the game helped them cope with psychological or personal issues. Some of them explicitly described recovering from depressive episodes through playing the game. OBJECTIVE To conduct a pilot test of the efficacy of the videogame Journey in reducing depressive symptoms in an acute impatient setting METHODS Depressive symptomatology was measured before and after the intervention using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) The intervention was conducted in an isolated room using a Playstation 3 console with the videogame "Journey" developed by Thatgamecompany. No internet access was allowed. The game was played over the course of 4 30-45 min sessions in a two week period. RESULTS The initial score in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) was 30, indicating a very severe depression. After the intervention the HRSD score was 10, showing a mild depression. CONCLUSIONS The Videogame Journey, a commercial game first available for the Playstation 3 console in 2012, was not created as a serious game with potential health benefits. Our pilot test is the first case report of a commercial game showing a potential effect in reducing depressive symptoms, which is consistent with the previous informal reports of users online.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and Clinical Profile of Patients Presenting With Erectile Dysfunction: Experience From a Tertiary Care Centre of North India

2021 ◽  
pp. 263183182110311
Author(s):  
Adarsh Tripathi ◽  
Dhirendra Kumar ◽  
Sujita Kumar Kar ◽  
PK Dalal ◽  
Anil Nischal
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common psychosexual disorders in clinical practice, and it results in significant distress, interpersonal impairments, poor quality of life, and marital disharmony. However, there is limited research on ED in India. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients presenting with ED. Method: Cross-sectional evaluation of patients with ED presenting to the psychosexual outpatient department (OPD) of psychiatry department in a tertiary care hospital was done on structured clinical pro forma, Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, International Index of Erectile Function-5, Arizona Sexual Experience, Hamilton rating scale for depression, and Hamilton rating scale for anxiety. Results: The sample included 102 patients. The mean age was 33.38 years. The majority of the patients were married (81.4%), Hindu (82.4%), residing in a rural area (60.8%), and belonging to a nuclear family (62.7%). The majority of the patients had a moderate level of ED (50%) followed by mild-to-moderate ED (26.5%) and severe ED (23.5%). Premature ejaculation (46.1%) and depression (28.4%) were the most common sexual and psychiatric comorbidities. Obesity was common (62.7%), and only a minority had other metabolic dysfunction, namely dyslipidemia (7.8%), diabetes (5.9%), and hypertension (4.9%). Tobacco dependence and alcohol dependence were present in 37.3% and 6.9% cases, respectively. Conclusion: Young adults with moderate-to-severe ED were present for treatment at a tertiary center. Comorbidities of other sexual disorders, psychiatric disorders, and substance use are commonly encountered in such patients. Promotion of early help-seeking should be encouraged. Clinicians should thoroughly assess even the young patients for other sexual, psychiatric, and medical comorbidities.

A comparison of the ‘Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression’ and the ‘Montgomery-Asberg Depression rating Scale’

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.P.A.M. Huijbrechts ◽  
P.M.J. Haffmans ◽  
K. Jonker ◽  
A. van Dijke ◽  
E. Hoencamp
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Global Impression ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Clinical Relationship ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive States

SummaryAlthough the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) is the most frequently used rating scale for quantifying depressive states, it has been criticized for its reliability and its usability in clinical practice. This criticism is less applying to the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Goal of the present study is to investigate the reliability and validity, and clinical relationship between the HRSD and the MADRS. For 60 out-patients with diagnosed depression (DSM IV296.2x, 296.3x, 300.40 and 311.00), the HRSD and MADRS were scored at baseline and 6 weeks later by an independent rater according to a structured interview. Also the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) was assessed by a psychiatrist. Satisfying agreement was found between the totalscores (r= .75, p>.000 en r=.92, p>.000 respectively, at baseline and 6 weeks later). Furthermore agreement was found between the items of both scales, and these agree with the clinical impression. The reliability of the MADRS is more stable than the reliability of the HRSD (α = .6367 and α =.8900 vs α = .2193 and α = .8362 at baseline and at endpoint respectively). Considering the ease of scoring both scales in one interview and the widely international use of the HRSD, scoring both the HRSD and the MADRS to measure the severity of a depression seems to be an acceptabel covenant.

scholarly journals Double-blind clonazepam vs placebo in panic disorder treatment

2000 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE MARTINS VALENÇA ◽  
ANTONIO EGIDIO NARDI ◽  
ISABELLA NASCIMENTO ◽  
MARCO A. MEZZASALMA ◽  
FABIANA L. LOPES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Disorder Treatment ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of clonazepam, in a fixed dose (2 mg/day), compared with placebo in the treatment of panic disorder patients. METHOD: 24 panic disorder patients with agoraphobia were randomly selected. The diagnosis was obtained using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV . All twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned to either treatment with clonazepam (2 mg/day) or placebo, during 6 weeks. Efficacy assessments included: change from baseline in the number of panic attacks; CGI scores for panic disorder; Hamilton rating scale for anxiety; and panic associated symptoms scale. RESULTS: At the therapeutic endpoint, only one of 9 placebo patients (11.1%) were free of panic attacks, compared with 8 of 13 (61.5%) clonazepam patients (Fisher exact test; p=0,031). CONCLUSION: the results provide evidence for the efficacy of clonazepam in panic disorder patients.

Evidence-Based Guidelines for Interpretation of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshi A. Furukawa ◽  
Tatsuo Akechi ◽  
Hideki Azuma ◽  
Toru Okuyama ◽  
Teruhiko Higuchi
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

British Phenomenological and Psychopathological Concepts: A Comparative Review

1982 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 558-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Berner ◽  
Bernd Küfferle
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
American Schools ◽  
Traditional Structures ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

For a foreign observer who has been trained in German and French psychopathology, British psychiatry is very attractive at first glance for a number of reasons. Its eclectic and principally non-theoretical approach (Cooper, 1975), characterized by an open acceptance of foreign concepts and by the tendency to question traditional structures and hypotheses and to test them by means of statistical methods, appears most impressive. The substantial contribution British authors have made toward the development of structured tools in psychopathology, like for instance the Present State Examination or the Hamilton Rating Scale in order to facilitate such a statistical evaluation, which reflects clearly the inheritance of Sir Francis Galton, is also a cause of sincere admiration. The European observer realizes furthermore that the British approach is rooted mainly in continental, especially in German, clinical psychiatry, and is not as heavily influenced by psychodynamic theories as, for instance, the American schools were, at least until recently. This provides him with a comfortable feeling of familiarity and he is not inclined to question certain British tenets until his involvement progresses and he becomes aware of the comparative lack of attention paid by British schools to some of the fundamentals of continental psychopathology.

scholarly journals Physical exercise for late-life major depression

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Belvederi Murri ◽  
M. Amore ◽  
M. Menchetti ◽  
G. Toni ◽  
F. Neviani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Progressive Exercise ◽  
Primary Care Patients ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

BackgroundInterventions including physical exercise may help improve the outcomes of late-life major depression, but few studies are available.AimsTo investigate whether augmenting sertraline therapy with physical exercise leads to better outcomes of late-life major depression.MethodPrimary care patients (>65 years) with major depression were randomised to 24 weeks of higher-intensity, progressive aerobic exercise plus sertraline (S+PAE), lower-intensity, non-progressive exercise plus sertraline (S+NPE) and sertraline alone. The primary outcome was remission (a score of $10 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression).ResultsA total of 121 patients were included. At study end, 45% of participants in the sertraline group, 73% of those in the S+NPE group and 81% of those in the S+PAE group achieved remission (P = 0.001). A shorter time to remission was observed in the S+PAE group than in the sertraline-only group.ConclusionsPhysical exercise may be a safe and effective augmentation to antidepressant therapy in late-life major depression.

scholarly journals Living With Bipolar Disorder in the Time of Covid-19: Biorhythms During the Severe Lockdown in Cagliari, Italy, and the Moderate Lockdown in Tunis, Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Giovanni Carta ◽  
Uta Ouali ◽  
Alessandra Perra ◽  
Azza Ben Cheikh Ahmed ◽  
Laura Boe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Background: Restrictions during Covid-19 pandemic lockdown, in which rhythms of life have been compromised, can influence the course of bipolar disorder (BD). This study follows patients with bipolar disorder living in two geographically close cities (Cagliari and Tunis), but with different lockdown conditions: less severe in Tunis.Methods: Two cohorts were evaluated during lockdown (April 2020, t0) and 2 months later with lockdown lifted for a month (t1). Individuals were: over 18 years old without gender exclusion, BD I or II, in care for at least 1 year, received a clinical interview in the month before the start of the lockdown, stable clinically before the lockdown. The assessment was conducted by telephone by a psychiatrist or psychologist with good knowledge of patients. Diagnoses were made according to DSM-5 criteria. Depressive symptoms were collected through the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; cut-off 14 indicative of depressive episode. Circadian rhythms were measured using the BRIAN scale.Results: Forty individuals in Cagliari (70%female, age 48.57 ± 11.64) and 30 in Tunis (53.3% Female, age 41.8 ± 13.22) were recruited. In Cagliari at t0 45% had depressive episodes against none in Tunis, a similar difference appeared at t1. At t0 and t1 the Cagliari sample had more dysfunctional scores in the overall BRIAN scale and in the areas of sleep, activities and social rhythms; no differences were found in nutrition, both samples had predominantly nocturnal rhythm. In Cagliari at t0 and t1, the depressive sub-group showed more dysfunctional scores in the BRIAN areas sleep, activity, and nutrition. However, the differences in biological rhythms resulted, through ANCOVA analysis, independent of the co-presence of depressive symptoms.Discussion: A rigid lockdown could expose people with BD to depressive relapse through dysregulation of biological rhythms. The return to more functional rhythms did not appear 1 month after lockdown. The rekindling of the pandemic and the restoration of new restrictive measures will prevent, at least in the short term, the beneficial effect of a return to normality of the two cohorts.This was a limited exploratory study; future studies with larger samples and longer observational time are needed to verify the hypothesis.

scholarly journals Tactics of treatment of patients with sexual dysfunctions and intermediate disorders

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Nootropic Drugs ◽  
The World ◽  
Latency Interval ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

The article gives the world views on the main types of sexual disorders among the male contingent and their interrelation with the phases of sexual reaction. The interrelation of the development of sexual dysfunctions under the influence of significant stress or psychoemotional overload or in the absence of any psychoneurological disorders, among which the leading place occupy border disorder, is shown. The necessity of therapeutic correction of affective pathology in the complex therapy of sexual dysfunctions is substantiated. The basic mechanisms of complex treatment of sexual dysfunctions and psychopathological manifestations are shown. In order to work out a more effective therapeutic complex using the Questionnaire International Erectile Function Index (IEFI), calculation of the duration of sexual intercourse (the so-called Intravaginal latency interval (ILI) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS-17) were evaluated. 83 patients with sexual dysfunctions: 52 patients (1 group) with premature ejaculation (PE); 31 patients (2 groups) with erectile dysfunction (ED) (the presence of these sexual dysfunctions led to the development of anxiety-depressive and neurosis-like disorders, which was confirmed by the Hamilton Scales) and 45 patients (3 groups) with sexual dysfunctions that developed as a result of existing initial psychopathological or boundary disorders (BD). Each study group was divided into two subgroups (a and b), each of which used different therapies from each other. With the use of one or another therapeutic scheme, patients of each group received cognitive-behavioral psychotherapeutic correction, tadalafil, nootropic drugs (noofen or glycine) and antidepressants (fluoxetine or coaxiаl). The duration of the observation was 3 months. As a result of the study, improvement of the ejaculatory function (with an increase in the ILI score) was established, which significantly increased at each control examination. In the analysis of the dynamics of the overall indicator of the MIEF questionnaire after the therapy, improvement in sexual function was observed in all groups, but the best results were obtained in the ED group. The results of the HDRS questionnaire showed that after 3 months, patients in the PE group compared with the BD group were reliably less susceptible to depressive disorder, especially of a pronounced nature.

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