A Reconfigurable Test Bed for Experimental Studies on Islanded Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A. Allam ◽  
Marten Pape ◽  
Mehrdad Kazerani
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Dc Microgrids

scholarly journals Experimental studies on particle emissions from cruising ship, their characteristic properties, transformation and atmospheric lifetime in the marine boundary layer

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 15105-15154 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Petzold ◽  
J. Hasselbach ◽  
P. Lauer ◽  
R. Baumann ◽  
K. Franke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Marine Boundary Layer ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Particle Emissions ◽  
Airborne Measurements ◽  
Emission Studies ◽  
Transformation Processes

Abstract. Particle emissions from ship engines and their atmospheric transformation in the marine boundary layer (MBL) were investigated in engine test bed studies and in airborne measurements of expanding ship plumes. During the test rig studies, detailed aerosol microphysical and chemical properties were measured in the exhaust gas of a serial MAN B{&amp;}W seven-cylinder four-stroke marine diesel engine under various load conditions. The emission studies were complemented by airborne aerosol transformation studies in the plume of a large container ship in the English Channel using the DLR aircraft Falcon 20 E-5. Observations from emission studies and plume studies combined with a Gaussian plume dispersion model yield a consistent picture of particle transformation processes from emission to atmospheric processing during plume expansion. Particulate matter emission indices obtained from plume measurements are 8.8±1.0×1015(kg fuel)−1 by number for non-volatile particles and 174±43 mg (kg fuel)−1 by mass for Black Carbon (BC). Values determined for test rig conditions between 85 and 110% engine load are of similar magnitude. For the total particle number including volatile compounds no emission index can be derived since the volatile aerosol fraction is subject to rapid transformation processes in the plume. Ship exhaust particles occur in the size range Dp<0.3 μm, showing a bi-modal structure. The combustion particle mode is centred at modal diameters of 0.05 μm for raw emissions to 0.10 μm at a plume age of 1 h. The smaller-sized volatile particle mode is centred at Dp≤0.02 μm. From the decay of ship exhaust particle number concentrations in an expanding plume, a maximum plume life time of approx. 24 h is estimated for a well-mixed marine boundary layer.

scholarly journals Test Bed for Experimental Studies of Communication Quality in Mobile Self-Organizing Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
I A Kaysina ◽  
D S Vasiliev ◽  
A V Abilov ◽  
A E Kaysin ◽  
A I Nistyuk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Hoc Networks

Описан тестовый стенд, который позволяет произвести оценку эффективности новых алгоритмов кодирования в летающих сенсорных сетях (Flying Ad Hoc Networks, FANET), в том числе и метода сетевого кодирования. В тестовый стенд входят: наземная станция (ноутбук), летающий робот (беспилотный летальный аппарат, БПЛА) и несколько микрокомпьютеров Raspberry Pi 3. С помощью тестового стенда была оценена возможная дальность связи между наземной станцией и летающим роботом, а также доказана возможность реализации сетевого кодирования на промежуточном узле на базе Raspberry Pi 3. Оценка дальности связи между наземной станцией и летающим роботом была произведена с помощью первого сценария. Летающий робот отправлял видеоданные с бортовой камеры на наземную станцию. После сбора всех данных было проанализировано качество обслуживания (quality of service, QoS) и рассчитан коэффициент доставленных пакетов (Packet Delivery Ratio, PDR) с помощью программы анализатора сетевого трафика Wireshark. По результатам измерений была найдена максимальная дальность связи между наземной станцией и летающим роботом с использованием стандарта 802.11n (Wi-Fi). Возможность реализации сетевого кодирования в самоорганизующихся сетях была произведена с помощью второго сценария. Была создана самоорганизующаяся сеть из трех микрокомпьютеров Raspberry Pi 3. Для маршрутизации данных использовался протокол B.A.T.M.A.N., на основе которого может быть проанализирована одна из реализаций метода сетевого кодирования.

scholarly journals Research on Process Optimization of 3D Laser Cutting Robot for Three Dimensional Aluminum Components

CONVERTER ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 203-211
Author(s):  
Haibing Xiao, Yongquan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Aluminum Material

In order to solve the precision problem of laser cutting of 3D aluminum components, the influence of main process parameters on the characteristics of laser cutting was studied. Firstly, the model of 3D laser cutting of complex curved surface was studied, and the heat transfer mechanism of 3D laser cutting of aluminum materials was revealed. Through the three-dimensional laser cutting robot test bed, aluminum material is taken as the test object, the reasonable laser cutting parameters are selected, and the influence law of each process parameter on the cutting quality and the morphology of the slit is studied. Experimental studies shows that low surface roughness was achieved with some combinations of process parameters and attempts were made to optimize parameters in terms of cutting speed and laser power. It is obtained low surface roughness, with power 800w, cutting speed 40mm/s for 1mm aluminum.

Molecular Magnet Induced Transformative Effects in Molecular Spintronics Devices: A Monte Carlo Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D’Angelo ◽  
Pawan Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Magnetic Tunnel Junction ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Monte Carlo Study ◽  
Molecular Magnet ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Molecular Spintronics ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Computer Logic

ABSTRACTMolecular spintronics devices (MSDs) are capable of harnessing the controllable transport and magnetic properties of molecular device elements and are highly promising candidates for revolutionizing computer logic and memory. A MSD is typically produced by placing magnetic molecule(s) between the two ferromagnetic electrodes. Recent experimental studies show that the molecules produced unprecedented strong exchange couplings between the two ferromagnets, leading to intriguing magnetic and transport properties in a MSD. Future development of MSDs will critically depend on obtaining an in-depth understanding of the molecule induced exchange coupling and its impact on MSD’s switchability and temperature stability. However, the large size of MSD systems and unsuitable device designs are the two biggest hurdles in theoretical and experimental studies of magnetic attributes produced by molecules in a MSD. This research theoretically studies the MSD by performing Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) studies, which have the capacity to tackle large systems- such as MSD based on magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) test bed. The MTJ based MSD has the distinctive advantage that MTJ test bed can be subjected to experimental magnetic characterizations before and after transforming it into a MSD by bridging the molecules of interest between the two metal electrodes of a MTJ. Hence the result of our MCS can be verified experimentally.

scholarly journals Injection Performance of a Gas-Solid Injector Based on the Particle Trajectory Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daolong Yang ◽  
Jianping Li ◽  
Changlong Du ◽  
Hongxiang Jiang ◽  
Kehong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Particle Trajectory ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Pneumatic Conveying ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Trajectory Model ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Nozzle Position ◽  
Particle Trajectory Model ◽  
Number Of Particles

Gas-solid injectors are widely used feeding equipment in pneumatic conveying systems. The performance of a gas-solid injector has a significant influence on the type of application it can be employed for. To determine the key factors influencing the injection performance and address clogging problems in a gas-solid injector during a pneumatic conveying process, the particle trajectory model has been utilised as a means to perform simulations. In the particle trajectory model, the gas phase is treated as a continuous medium and the particle phase is treated as a dispersed phase. In this work, numerical and experimental studies were conducted for different nozzle positions in a gas-solid injector. A gas-solid injector test-bed was constructed based on the results of the simulations. The results show that the nozzle position is the key factor that affects the injection performance. The number of extrusive particles first increases and then decreases with the change in the nozzle position from left to right. Additionally, there is an optimum nozzle position that maximises the injection mass and minimises the number of particles remaining in the hopper. Based on the results of this work, the injection performance can be significantly increased and the clogging issues are effectively eliminated.

NONLINEAR CONTROL FOR GAL REGULATORY NETWORK IN S. CEREVISIAE

2013 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350002
Author(s):  
JINLIANG YANG ◽  
RUI GAO ◽  
MAX Q.-H. MENG
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Nonlinear Control ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Convergence Time ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Proportional Feedback

Recently, applying control theory to regulate the intracellular mRNA level was introduced as a new direction for gene regulation. However, the high nonlinearity in the gene regulatory networks imposes significant challenges in control design. As a well understood benchmark example, the GAL regulatory network in S. cerevisiae was recently proposed as a test-bed system for validating theoretical control algorithms in cellular systems. A simple proportional feedback control approach was previously proposed for regulating the intracellular mRNA level in the GAL network, however, there were still limitations with its use to control the nonlinear GAL network. To improve the performance and effectiveness, this paper proposes an advanced nonlinear control strategy. The reduced mathematical model for the GAL network is reorganized into a nonlinear affine system. Then, a partial feedback linearization control approach was employed to regulate the concentration of a protein at a desired level. For validating the control approach in experimental studies, we choose Gal1p as a measurable output, instead of GAL1 mRNA used in the previous study. Simulation results demonstrate that this control approach can shorten the convergence time between states comparing with the proportional feedback control.

Design of Automatic Control System for Precision Seeder Test-Bed

2012 ◽  
Vol 220-223 ◽  
pp. 1158-1161
Author(s):  
Jin Chen ◽  
Chao Hang ◽  
Yao Ming Li ◽  
Zhi Qiang Gong
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Automatic Control System ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ladder Diagram ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
Programmable Controller ◽  
Part Program

In order to improve the operating efficiency of the seeder, design an automatic control system, this study adopts programmable controller PLC, introduced the composition and connection way of hardware, part program of the ladder diagram, and a variety of modes of operation technology, fully meet the requirement of automatic control, experimental studies have shown that the qualified rate of seeding is more than 90%, up to 500 discs per hour.

scholarly journals Second-Order Geometric Sliding Mode Attitude Observer with Application to Quadrotor on a Test Bench

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglei An ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jianwen Wang ◽  
Hongxu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Velocity Estimation ◽  
Sliding Mode Observer ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Unit Quaternion ◽  
Quaternion Space

A sliding mode observer design framework is proposed based on the Lie group method of numerical integration on manifolds, and a Second-Order Geometric Sliding Mode Attitude Observer (SOGSMAO) is designed for angular velocity estimation of quadrotor attitude. The algorithm constructs feedback in the angular velocity space and the space of equivalent Lie algebra of unit quaternion space, respectively. It avoids not only the complexity of constructing feedback in unit quaternion space but also the process of mandatory rescaling which is seen to deteriorate the accuracy of the angular velocity estimates during sliding. The performance of SOGSMAO is compared with traditional quaternion based sliding mode observer in which multiplicative quaternion correction is used and the results show that SOGSMAO gains better tracking performance. Then SOGSMAO is realized on a test bed and the effectiveness of the observer algorithm is verified by experimental studies.

scholarly journals Femoral Test Bed for Impedance Controlled Surgical Instrumentation

10.14311/1626 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Brendle ◽  
Annegret Niesche ◽  
Alexander Korff ◽  
Klaus Radermacher ◽  
Steffen Leonhardt
Keyword(s):  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Surgical Instrumentation ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Artificial Hip Joints ◽  
High Level

The risk for patients during the standard procedure of revision of cemented artificial hip joints is unsatisfactorily highdue to its high level of invasiveness and limited access to the operative field. To reduce this risk we are developing anImpedance Controlled Surgical Instrumentation (ICOS) system, which aims to establish real-time control during a BoneCement (BC) milling process. For this, the relationship between the thickness of the BC and its frequency-dependentelectrical impedance is used to estimate the residual BC thickness. The aim is to avoid unintended cutting of boneby detecting the passage of the BC/bone boundary layer by the milling head. In a second step, an estimation of theresidual BC thickness will be used to improve process control. As a first step towards demonstrating the feasibility ofour approach, presented here are experimental studies to characterize the BC permittivity and to describe the process indetail. The results show that the permittivity properties of BC are dominated by its polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)fraction. Thus, PMMA can be used as a substitute for future experiments. Furthermore, a Femoral Test Bed (FTB) wasdesigned. Using this setup we show it is feasible to accurately distinguish between slightly different thicknesses of BC.

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