Imaging of in vivo carotid artery with time using ultrasonography and sclerosis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunari Yokota ◽  
Fumio Nogata ◽  
Yoko Kawamura ◽  
Hiroyuki Morita
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery

Pressure Changes Induced by Whole Body Acceleration Shocks

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Belardinelli ◽  
M. Ursino ◽  
G. Fabbri ◽  
A. Cevese ◽  
F. Schena
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Acceleration ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
The Mathematical Model

In the present paper pressure changes induced by sudden body acceleration are studied “in vivo” on the dog and compared to the results obtainable with a recently developed mathematical model. A dog was fixed to a movable table, which was accelerated by a compressed air piston for less than 1 s. Acceleration was varied by changing the air pressure in the piston. Pressure was measured during the experiment at different points along the vascular bed. However, only data obtained in the carotid artery and abdominal aorta are presented here. The results demonstrated that impulse body accelerations cause significant pressure peaks in the vessel examined (about + 25 mmHg in the carotid artery with body acceleration of g/2). Moreover, pressure changes are rapidly damped, with a time constant of about 0.1s. From the present results it may be concluded that, according to the prediction of the mathematical model, body accelerations such as those occurring in normal life can induce pressure changes well beyond the normal pressure value.

scholarly journals Discovery of novel mechanosensitive genes in vivo using mouse carotid artery endothelium exposed to disturbed flow

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (15) ◽  
pp. e66-e73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Wen Ni ◽  
Haiwei Qiu ◽  
Amir Rezvan ◽  
Kihwan Kwon ◽  
Douglas Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Disturbed Flow ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Pattern Comparison

Abstract Recently, we showed that disturbed flow caused by a partial ligation of mouse carotid artery rapidly induces atherosclerosis. Here, we identified mechanosensitive genes in vivo through a genome-wide microarray study using mouse endothelial RNAs isolated from the flow-disturbed left and the undisturbed right common carotid artery. We found 62 and 523 genes that changed significantly by 12 hours and 48 hours after ligation, respectively. The results were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for 44 of 46 tested genes. This array study discovered numerous novel mechanosensitive genes, including Lmo4, klk10, and dhh, while confirming well-known ones, such as Klf2, eNOS, and BMP4. Four genes were further validated for protein, including LMO4, which showed higher expression in mouse aortic arch and in human coronary endothelium in an asymmetric pattern. Comparison of in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro endothelial gene expression profiles indicates that numerous in vivo mechanosensitive genes appear to be lost or dysregulated during culture. Gene ontology analyses show that disturbed flow regulates genes involved in cell proliferation and morphology by 12 hours, followed by inflammatory and immune responses by 48 hours. Determining the functional importance of these novel mechanosensitive genes may provide important insights into understanding vascular biology and atherosclerosis.

Abstract 245: Non-Invasive in vivo Assessment of the Re-Endothelialization Process Using Ultrasound Biomicroscopy in the Rat Carotid Artery Balloon Injury Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Röhl ◽  
Linnea Eriksson ◽  
Robert Saxelin ◽  
Mariette Lengquist ◽  
Kenneth Caidahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Balloon Injury ◽  
En Face ◽  
In Vivo Assessment ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

Objective: Ultrasound BioMicroscopy (UBM), or high-frequency ultrasound, is a novel technique used for assessment of anatomy and physiology small research animals. In this study, we evaluate the UBM assessment of the re-endothelialization process following denudation of the carotid artery in rats. Methods: Ultrasound BioMicroscopy data from three different experiments were analyzed. A total of 66 rats of three different strains (Sprague-Dawley, Wistar and Goto-Kakizaki) were included in this study. All animals were subjected to common carotid artery balloon injury and examined with UBM 2 and 4 weeks after injury. Re-endothelialization in UBM was measured as the length from the carotid bifurcation to the distal edge of the intimal hyperplasia. En face staining with Evans-blue dye was performed upon euthanization at 4 weeks after injury followed by tissue harvest for morphological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Results: A significant correlation (Spearman r=0.63,p<0.0001) and an agreement according to Bland-Altman test was identified when comparing all measurements of re-endothelialization in high frequency ultrasound and en face staining. Analysis by animal strain revealed a similar pattern and a significant growth in re-endothelialization length measured in UBM from 2 to 4 weeks could be identified. Immunohistochemical staining for von Willebrand factor confirmed the presence of endothelium in the areas detected as re-endothelialized by the ultrasound assessment. Conclusion: Ultrasound BioMicroscopy can be used for longitudinal in vivo assessment of the re-endothelialization following arterial injury in rats.

Adaptation of Cardinal Points Symmetry Landmarks Distribution Model to in-vivo B-Mode Ultrasound Images of Transverse Cross-section of Carotid Arteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Charles Nnamdi Udekwe ◽  
Akinlolu Adediran Ponnle
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Transverse Cross Section ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Symmetry Line

The geometry of the imaged transverse cross-section of carotid arteries in in-vivo B-mode ultrasound images are most times irregular, unsymmetrical, full of speckles and usually non-uniform. We had earlier developed a technique of cardinal point symmetry landmark distribution model (CPS-LDM) to completely characterize the Region of Interest (ROI) of the geometric shape of thick-walled simulated B-mode ultrasound images of carotid artery imaged in the transverse plane, but this was based on the symmetric property of the image. In this paper, this developed technique was applied to completely characterize the region of interest of the geometric shape of in-vivo B-mode ultrasound images of non-uniform carotid artery imaged in the transverse plane. In order to adapt the CPS-LD Model to the in-vivo carotid artery images, the single VS-VS vertical symmetry line common to the four ROIs of the symmetric image is replaced with each ROI having its own VS-VS vertical symmetry line. This adjustment enables the in-vivo carotid artery images possess symmetric properties, hence, ensuring that all mathematical operations of the CPS-LD Model are conveniently applied to them. This adaptability was observed to work well in segmenting the in-vivo carotid artery images. This paper shows the adaptive ability of the developed CPS-LD Model to successfully annotate and segment in-vivo B-mode ultrasound images of carotid arteries in the transverse cross-sectional plane either they are symmetrical or unsymmetrical.

Local delivery of soluble platelet collagen receptor glycoprotein VI inhibits thrombus formation in vivo

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (05) ◽  
pp. 763-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Bültmann ◽  
Christian Herdeg ◽  
Zhongmin Li ◽  
Götz Münch ◽  
Christine Baumgartner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Vascular Injury ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Local Delivery ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Glycoprotein Vi ◽  
Collagen Receptor

SummaryPlatelet-mediated thrombus formation at the site of vascular injury isa major trigger for thrombo-ischemic complications after coronary interventions. The platelet collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) plays a critical role in the initiation of arterial thrombus formation. Endothelial denudation of the right carotid artery in rabbits was induced through balloon injury. Subsequently, local delivery of soluble, dimeric fusion protein of GPVI (GPVI-Fc) (n=7) or control Fc (n=7) at the site of vascular injury was performed with a modified double-balloon drugdelivery catheter.Thrombus area within the injured carotid artery was quantified using a computer-assisted image analysis and was used as index of thrombus formation.The extent of thrombus formation was significantly reduced in GPVI-Fc- compared with control Fc-treated carotid arteries (relative thrombus area, GPVI-Fc vs. Fc: 9.3 ± 4.2 vs. 2.3 ± 1.7, p<0.001). Local delivery of soluble GPVI resulted in reduced thrombus formation after catheter-induced vascular injury.These data suggest a selective pharmacological modulation of GPVI-collagen interactions to be important for controlling onset and progression of pathological arterial thrombosis, predominantly or even exclusively at sites of injured carotid arteries in the absence of systemic platelet therapy.

scholarly journals In vivo performance of electrospun tubular hyaluronic acid/collagen nanofibrous scaffolds for vascular reconstruction in the rabbit model

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing Niu ◽  
Massimiliano Galluzzi ◽  
Ming Fu ◽  
Jinhua Hu ◽  
Huimin Xia
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Vascular Reconstruction ◽  
Vascular Prostheses ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds

AbstractOne of the main challenges of tissue-engineered vascular prostheses is restenosis due to intimal hyperplasia. The aim of this study is to develop a material for scaffolds able to support cell growth while tolerating physiological conditions and maintaining the patency of carotid artery model. Tubular hyaluronic acid (HA)-functionalized collagen nanofibrous composite scaffolds were prepared by sequential electrospinning method. The tubular composite scaffold has well-controlled biophysical and biochemical signals, providing a good matrix for the adhesion and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells (ECs), but resisting to platelets adhesion when exposed to blood. Carotid artery replacement experiment from 6-week rabbits showed that the HA/collagen nanofibrous composite scaffold grafts with endothelialization on the luminal surface could maintain vascular patency. At retrieval, the composite scaffold maintained good structural integrity and had comparable mechanical strength as the native artery. This study indicating that electrospun scaffolds combined with cells may become an alternative to prosthetic grafts for vascular reconstruction. Graphical Abstract

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