Risk assessment on new old-age insurance system in Chinese rural areas based on factor analysis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Hui ◽  
Deng Da-song
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Insurance System

scholarly journals The Chinese Orientation of Social Policies of New Socialized Old-age Insurance System in Rural Areas in the Post Financial Crisis Era

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Min Song
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Security System ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Social

<p>As one of the important social policies, the new socialized old-age insurance system in rural areas has played a vital role in the construction of Chinese social security system in the post financial crisis era. Manifesting national responsibilities，it has embodied the core concept of social policies, and had a great significance for boosting domestic demand. Therefore, this thesis, on the basis of this new system, can continually perfect Chinese pension security system and promote the sustainable development of the social security course.</p>

scholarly journals Health Insurance in Myanmar: The Views and Perception of Healthcare Consumers and Health System Informants on the Establishment of a Nationwide Health Insurance System

Risks ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Marjolein van Rooijen ◽  
Chaw-Yin Myint ◽  
Milena Pavlova ◽  
Wim Groot
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health System ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Health Insurance System ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Supplementary Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Model

(1) Background: Health insurance and social protection in Myanmar are negligible, which leaves many citizens at risk of financial hardship in case of a serious illness. The aim of this study is to explore the views of healthcare consumers and compare them to the views of key informants on the design and implementation of a nationwide health insurance system in Myanmar. (2) Method: Data were collected through nine focus group discussions with healthcare consumers and six semi-structured interviews with key health system informants. (3) Results: The consumers supported a mandatory basic health insurance and voluntary supplementary health insurance. Tax-based funding was suggested as an option that can help to enhance healthcare utilization among the poor and vulnerable groups. However, a fully tax-based funding was perceived to have limited chances of success given the low level of government resources available. Community-based insurance, where community members pool money in a healthcare fund, was seen as more appropriate for the rural areas. (4) Conclusion: This study suggests a healthcare financing mechanism based on a mixed insurance model for the creation of nationwide health insurance. Further inquiry into the feasibility of the vital aspects of the nationwide health insurance is needed.

scholarly journals Exploring the Preparedness of Ghanaians for Retirement and Ageing: A Case Study of the Cape Coast Metropolitan Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Korkoi Aboh ◽  
Busisiwe P. Ncama
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Older People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
The Family

Introduction: There is evidence of the inability of older people in Nigeria, Ghana and other developing countries to sustain themselves through savings, assets or pensions. This situation highlights the minimal benefit of pensions, savings or assets as income sources for older people; old age very often brings poverty and disability. Methodology: A qualitative interpretive design informed the study. The study area was categorized into three distinct ecological areas namely urban, periurban and rural areas. Twenty interviews and three focus group discussions with 68 elderly persons were conducted in ten sub-districts in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana. The forty-eight elderly individuals were put into groups of 8, 20 and 20 for the focus group discussions. Data was thematically analysed.Results: Four major themes and subthemes were identified to reflect the pertinent issue of exploring and defining the preparedness of people for their retirement and ageing. There was evidence that preparing for old age is not an active precedent for the people of Cape Coast and they still believe in the traditional system of caring where it is the sole responsibility of the family to care for its own aged members.Conclusion: It is evident that formal care is not practiced in Ghana and that the aged therefore find the idea bewildering. They want to experience this care, but existing norms expect the family members to single-handedly provide care for their aged.

scholarly journals Typology and characterization of the pampean beekeeping systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-318
Author(s):  
Tomás Bragulat ◽  
Elena Angón ◽  
Alberto Giorgis ◽  
José Perea
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Selection Of Variables ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Random Survey

Objective: Identify and characterize the beekeeping systems of La Pampa (Argentina) using multivariate techniques based on the main structural, productive and economic characteristics. Methodology: The data was collected through a random survey of 80 beekeepers. The classification and description of the apicultural systems was based on a multivariate sequence comprising three stages: review and selection of variables, factor analysis and cluster analysis. Results: Factor analysis revealed that the size of the farm and the productive and economic performance of beekeeping jointly explained 66% of the variability. Through cluster analysis, three types of beekeeping have been identified: (i) Subsistence beekeeping grouped 55% of the farms, mainly characterized by small sizes and low productive and economic yields. (ii) Industrial beekeeping concentrated 54% of production in 15% of farms, mainly characterized by large sizes and high productive and economic yields. (iii) Commercial beekeeping grouped 30% of the farms, mainly characterized by high productivity with intermediate sizes. Limitations: The study has been carried out on a few farms due to the difficulty of obtaining answers to all the variables included in the survey. Practical implications: Beekeeping in La Pampa is generally a highly heterogeneous complement of income or family subsistence, with low productivity and low input use. Subsistence beekeeping is a socially relevant system for its contribution to family employment and income in rural areas. Industrial beekeeping is oriented to the export market and has a more competitive scale. Commercial beekeeping is situated on an intermediate scale.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Health-Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Raw and Boiled Drinking Water from Rural Areas of China

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhua Wu ◽  
Yi Man ◽  
Guangyi Sun ◽  
Lihai Shang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Rural Areas

Analyzing the post-harvest supply chain enablers of vertical integration for rural employability and marketability

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Priyadarshi ◽  
Srikanta Routroy ◽  
Girish Kant
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the post-harvest supply chain enablers (PHSCEs) for vertical integration to enhance rural employability, farmer profitability and rural produce marketability (i.e. market prospects) in the post-harvest supply chain (PHSC). The impact of vertical integration is also explored for various commercial produces. Design/methodology/approach A structural equation modeling (SEM) of PHSCEs for vertical integration was developed to enhance market prospects, rural employability and farmer profitability. The impact of business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-customer market prospects are explored in various dimensions for stakeholders such as farmers, manufacturers (processors), distributors and retailers. The fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (F-TOPSIS) was used to prioritize these PHSCEs to improve market prospects and rural employability. Findings The PHSCEs are clustered into three groups, namely, initiatives at the strategic frontier, initiatives at the tactical frontier and concerns for rural employability via vertical integration using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and SEM to prove the null hypothesis. With F-TOPSIS results, the availability of warehousing was found to be the most crucial enabler when observing the PHSCEs from the initiatives’ perspective. The technology adaptability and availability, institute for training and research and information infrastructure and information visibility were found to be the key PHSCEs when observed from PHSC stakeholders’ perspectives. Research limitations/implications The implementation of this study will improve the rural produce marketability, rural employability, B2B marketing (i.e. effective distribution) and subsequent value chains with the practice of vertical integration for fresh produce at the rural level. Practical implications The outcomes of this study have a key role in developing the rural regions and improving rural livelihoods via value addition. The awareness of commercial cultivation and value addition in rural areas needs to be improved. This will help farmers to earn better revenues with improved market prospects in comparison to the revenues obtained from the cultivation of staple/conventional crops. Originality/value In an era of cold chains and food processing, this study aims to disseminate awareness about value addition for commercial and fresh produces at the rural level. The implication of this study will improve rural produce marketability, rural employability and farmer profitability at the rural level with the level of vertical integration.

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