On-Chip Three-dimension Cell Rotation Using Whirling Flows Generated by Oscillating Asymmetrical Microstructures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Song ◽  
Yanmin Feng ◽  
Qiang Zhou ◽  
Lin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimension ◽  
Cell Rotation ◽  
On Chip

scholarly journals Fuzzy-Based Thermal Management Scheme for 3D Chip Multicores with Stacked Caches

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Shen ◽  
Ning Wu ◽  
Gaizhen Yan
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Processor Core ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
And Performance ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Silicon Vias

By using through-silicon-vias (TSV), three dimension integration technology can stack large memory on the top of cores as a last-level on-chip cache (LLC) to reduce off-chip memory access and enhance system performance. However, the integration of more on-chip caches increases chip power density, which might lead to temperature-related issues in power consumption, reliability, cooling cost, and performance. An effective thermal management scheme is required to ensure the performance and reliability of the system. In this study, a fuzzy-based thermal management scheme (FBTM) is proposed that simultaneously considers cores and stacked caches. The proposed method combines a dynamic cache reconfiguration scheme with a fuzzy-based control policy in a temperature-aware manner. The dynamic cache reconfiguration scheme determines the size of the cache for the processor core according to the application that reaches a substantial amount of power consumption savings. The fuzzy-based control policy is used to change the frequency level of the processor core based on dynamic cache reconfiguration, a process which can further improve the system performance. Experiments show that, compared with other thermal management schemes, the proposed FBTM can achieve, on average, 3 degrees of reduction in temperature and a 41% reduction of leakage energy.

High-throughput acoustofluidic microchannels for single cell rotation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junwen Zhu ◽  
Qiqian Zhang ◽  
Fei Liang ◽  
Yongxiang Feng ◽  
Wenhui Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rotation Velocity ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Cell Rotation ◽  
Fabrication Procedure ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Highly Uniform

Abstract There is a growing desire for cell rotation in the field of biophysics, bioengineering and biomedicine. We herein present novel microfluidic channels for simultaneous high-throughput cell self-rotation using local circular streaming generated by ultrasonic wave excited bubble arrays. The bubble traps achieve high homogeneity of liquid-gas interface by setting capillary valves at the entrances of dead-end bubble trappers orthogonal to the main microchannel. In such a highly uniform bubble array, rotation at different fields of bubble-relevant vortices is considered equal and interconvertible. The device is compatible with cells of various size and retains manageable rotation velocity when actuated by signals of varying frequency and voltage. Experimental observations were confirmed consistent with theoretical estimation and numerical simulation. Comparing with the conventional approaches of cell rotation, our device has multiple merits such as high throughput, low cost and simple fabrication procedure, and high compatibility for lab-on-chip integration. Therefore, the platform holds a promise in cell observation, medicine development and biological detection.

AC electric field induced dipole-based on-chip 3D cell rotation

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 2717-2727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Benhal ◽  
J. Geoffrey Chase ◽  
Paul Gaynor ◽  
Björn Oback ◽  
Wenhui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
First Report ◽  
Ac Electric Field ◽  
Cell Rotation ◽  
Induced Dipole ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Current Electric Field

First report on 3D rotation of cells using alternating current electric field on a single, open-top, and cost effective biochip.

scholarly journals On-Chip Tunable Cell Rotation Using Acoustically Oscillating Asymmetrical Microstructures

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Feng ◽  
Bin Song ◽  
Deyuan Zhang ◽  
Yonggang Jiang ◽  
Fumihito Arai
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Acoustic Streaming ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Cell Rotation ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
On Chip ◽  
The Relationship

The precise rotational manipulation of cells and other micrometer-sized biological samples is critical to many applications in biology, medicine, and agriculture. We describe an acoustic-based, on-chip manipulation method that can achieve tunable cell rotation. In an acoustic field formed by the vibration of a piezoelectric transducer, acoustic streaming was generated using a specially designed, oscillating asymmetrical sidewall shape. We also studied the nature of acoustic streaming generation by numerical simulations, and our simulation results matched well with the experimental results. Trapping and rotation of diatom cells and swine oocytes were coupled using oscillating asymmetrical microstructures with different vibration modes. Finally, we investigated the relationship between the driving voltage and the speed of cell rotation, showing that the rotational rate achieved could be as large as approximately 1800 rpm. Using our device, the rotation rate can be effectively tuned on demand for single-cell studies. Our acoustofluidic cell rotation approach is simple, compact, non-contact, and biocompatible, permitting rotation irrespective of the optical, magnetic, or electrical properties of the specimen under investigation.

A low latency and high efficient three-dimension Network-on-Chip based on hierarchical structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (19-21) ◽  
pp. 1740061
Author(s):  
Chen Zhu ◽  
Huatao Zhao ◽  
Tinghuan Chen ◽  
Tianbo Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Network On Chip ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
On Chip ◽  
3D Topology

Currently, the majority of the Network-on-Chip (NoC) researches are based on 2D algorithm or simple 3D structure. However, the congestion and faulty links in the topology can increase the latency and power consumption. In this paper, the authors try to build a novel 3D topology based on hierarchical structure and TSV links which can reduce the latency and power consumption by decreasing the hops during the process of passing the packets. We employ the C++ tool to test our method, and the results show that the performance can be improved about 21%–36% in throughput, also 3%–11% in latency.

Pump-controlled RGB single-mode polymer lasers based on a hybrid 2D–3D μ-cavity for temperature sensing

Nanophotonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Ge ◽  
Dan Guo ◽  
Ben Niu ◽  
Zhiyang Xu ◽  
Jun Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Mode Switching ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Polymer Fiber ◽  
Nanophotonic Devices ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Lasing Modes

Abstract Single mode lasers, particularly red-green-blue (RGB) colors, have attracted wide attention due to their potential applications in the photonic field. Here, we realize the RGB single mode lasing in a hybrid two-dimension and three-dimension (2D–3D) hybrid microcavity (μ-cavity) with a low threshold. The hybrid 2D–3D μ-cavity consists of a polymer fiber and a microsphere. Typical RGB polymer film consisting gain materials are cladded on a fiber. To achieve single mode lasing, the polymer fiber therein serves as an excellent gain cavity to provide multiple lasing modes while the microsphere acts as a loss channel to suppress most of the lasing modes. Mode switching can be realized by adjusting the pump position. It can be attributed to the change of coupled efficiency between gain μ-cavity and loss μ-cavity. Our work will provide a platform for the rational design of nanophotonic devices and on-chip communication.

Local thickness determination by Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 944-945
Author(s):  
Suichu Luo ◽  
John R. Dunlap ◽  
Richard W. Williams ◽  
David C. Joy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Single Scattering ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Angular Correction ◽  
Electron Intensity ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Inelastic Mean Free Path

In analytical electron microscopy, it is often important to know the local thickness of a sample. The conventional method used for measuring specimen thickness by EELS is:where t is the specimen thickness, λi is the total inelastic mean free path, IT is the total intensity in an EEL spectrum, and I0 is the zero loss peak intensity. This is rigorouslycorrect only if the electrons are collected over all scattering angles and all energy losses. However, in most experiments only a fraction of the scattered electrons are collected due to a limited collection semi-angle. To overcome this problem we present a method based on three-dimension Poisson statistics, which takes into account both the inelastic and elastic mixed angular correction.The three-dimension Poisson formula is given by:where I is the unscattered electron intensity; t is the sample thickness; λi and λe are the inelastic and elastic scattering mean free paths; Si (θ) and Se(θ) are normalized single inelastic and elastic angular scattering distributions respectively ; F(E) is the single scattering normalized energy loss distribution; D(E,θ) is the plural scattering distribution,

Gut microbiome a promising target for management of respiratory diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (14) ◽  
pp. 2679-2696
Author(s):  
Riddhi Trivedi ◽  
Kalyani Barve
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Intestinal Microbial Flora ◽  
On Chip

The intestinal microbial flora has risen to be one of the important etiological factors in the development of diseases like colorectal cancer, obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, anxiety and Parkinson's. The emergence of the association between bacterial flora and lungs led to the discovery of the gut–lung axis. Dysbiosis of several species of colonic bacteria such as Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and transfer of these bacteria from gut to lungs via lymphatic and systemic circulation are associated with several respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, asthma, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, etc. Current therapies for dysbiosis include use of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics to restore the balance between various species of beneficial bacteria. Various approaches like nanotechnology and microencapsulation have been explored to increase the permeability and viability of probiotics in the body. The need of the day is comprehensive study of mechanisms behind dysbiosis, translocation of microbiota from gut to lung through various channels and new technology for evaluating treatment to correct this dysbiosis which in turn can be used to manage various respiratory diseases. Microfluidics and organ on chip model are emerging technologies that can satisfy these needs. This review gives an overview of colonic commensals in lung pathology and novel systems that help in alleviating symptoms of lung diseases. We have also hypothesized new models to help in understanding bacterial pathways involved in the gut–lung axis as well as act as a futuristic approach in finding treatment of respiratory diseases caused by dysbiosis.

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