A unified authentication framework using finger nail plate biometric

A series of 66 patients, aged between 1 and 70 years, with 70 disruptive injuries to finger nails was reviewed. The injuries were treated by cleaning of the finger, evacuation of haematoma and anatomical replacement of the nail plate, or a substitute, which was secured with a modified dorsal tension band suture without formal repair of the nail bed. K-wire fixation of the distal phalanx was employed only in the event of displaced fracture of the distal phalanx, complete absence of the nail plate and laceration extending to the distal pulp. This simple method, which bypasses the injured and friable, but vital nail structures resulted in uncomplicated reformation of the normal nail plate in all of the cases. Removal of the nail plate and formal repair of the nail bed is not necessary in any age group with finger nail disruptions.

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Should the nail plate be replaced or discarded after nail bed repair in children? Nail bed INJury Analysis (NINJA) randomised controlled trial: a health economic and statistical analysis plan

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-020-04724-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jamie R. Stokes ◽

May Ee Png ◽

Abhilash Jain ◽

Aina V. H. Greig ◽

Beverly A. Shirkey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Nail Plate ◽

Site Infection ◽

Nail Bed ◽

Finger Nail ◽

Cosmetic Appearance ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Post Randomisation

Abstract Background Nail bed trauma is one of the most common surgically treated paediatric hand injuries in the UK. Despite surgeons generally expressing a preference to replace the nail plate after repairing the nail bed, there is limited evidence to support this practice. We describe a statistical and health economic analysis plan (SHEAP) for the Nail bed INJury Analysis (NINJA) randomised controlled trial. Methods/design NINJA is a multicentre, pragmatic, superiority, parallel group randomised controlled trial of the treatment of nail bed injury in participants 16 years old or younger. The study aims to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of replacing the nail plate compared to discarding it following the repair of a nail bed injury. Surgical site infection at 7–10 days post-randomisation and cosmetic appearance of the nail are the co-primary outcomes for NINJA. Surgical site infection at 7–10 days post-randomisation will be evaluated using a logistic regression model adjusting for site as the sole stratification factor and allowing for intra-site correlation. Cosmetic appearance will be assessed via the newly developed Oxford Finger Nail Appearance Score and will be evaluated by use of a Mann-Whitney U test. An ordinal logistic regression model will also be used to assess the Oxford Finger Nail Appearance Score, adjusting for site and allowing for intra-site correlation. Secondary outcomes are measured at 7–10 days and 4 months and include the EQ-5D-Y questionnaire, pain at first dressing change, cost-effectiveness, late surgical site infection, and participant/parent satisfaction with nail healing. Missing primary outcome data will be summarised by treatment arm and investigated through a sensitivity analysis. Full details of the planned methods of analysis and descriptive statistics are described in this paper. The NINJA study protocol has been published previously. Discussion The planned analysis strategy for the NINJA trial has been set out here to reduce the risk of reporting bias and data-driven analysis. Any deviations from the SHEAP described in this paper will be detailed and justified fully in the final report of the trial. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN44551796. Registered on 23 April 2018.

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New Topical Antifungal Penetrates Nail Plate

Skin & Allergy News ◽

10.1016/s0037-6337(06)71354-7 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 37 (7) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

ERIK GOLDMAN

Keyword(s):

Nail Plate

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Developing an Inkjet Printer I: RGB Image to CMY Ink Amounts - Image Processing and Color Management

Electronic Imaging ◽

10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.15.color-282 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (15) ◽

pp. 350-1-350-10

Author(s):

Yin Wang ◽

Baekdu Choi ◽

Davi He ◽

Zillion Lin ◽

George Chiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Image Processing ◽

Low Cost ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Color Management ◽

Finger Nail ◽

Inkjet Printer ◽

Rgb Image ◽

Novel Algorithm

In this paper, we will introduce a novel low-cost, small size, portable nail printer. The usage of this system is to print any desired pattern on a finger nail in just a few minutes. The detailed pre-processing procedures will be described in this paper. These include image processing to find the correct printing zone, and color management to match the patterns’ color. In each phase, a novel algorithm will be introduced to refine the result. The paper will state the mathematical principles behind each phase, and show the experimental results, which illustrate the algorithms’ capabilities to handle the task.

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A Review on 3GPP 5G Security Aspects

10.34048/acc.2019.2.cf ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Rajavelsamy R ◽

Debabrata Das

Keyword(s):

Network Architecture ◽

Base Station ◽

Cellular Systems ◽

Core Network ◽

User Privacy ◽

Wireless Backhaul ◽

Level Of Use ◽

Unified Authentication ◽

3Rd Generation Partnership Project ◽

5G Security

5G promises to support new level of use cases that will deliver a better user experience. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) [1] defined 5G system introduced fundamental changes on top of its former cellular systems in several design areas, including security. Unlike in the legacy systems, the 5G architecture design considers Home control enhancements for roaming customer, tight collaboration with the 3rd Party Application servers, Unified Authentication framework to accommodate various category of devices and services, enhanced user privacy, and secured the new service based core network architecture. Further, 3GPP is investigating the enhancements to the 5G security aspects to support longer security key lengths, False Base station detection and wireless backhaul in the Phase-2 of 5G standardization [2]. This paper provides the key enhancements specified by the 3GPP for 5G system, particularly the differences to the 4G system and the rationale behind the decisions.

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Engineered Nail Grafts Induce Nail Plate Regeneration Ectopically

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3272008 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Yaling Yu ◽

Haomin Cui ◽

Tianyi Wu ◽

Ruoyu Wu ◽

Wei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nail Plate

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A novel clinical applicable bed-side tool for assessing conditioning pain modulation: proof-of-concept

Scandinavian Journal of Pain ◽

10.1515/sjpain-2020-0033 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 801-807

Author(s):

Lars Arendt-Nielsen ◽

Jesper Bie Larsen ◽

Stine Rasmussen ◽

Malene Krogh ◽

Laura Borg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pain Modulation ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Proof Of Concept ◽

Finger Nail ◽

Tonic Stimulus ◽

Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽

Custom Made ◽

The Individual ◽

Descending Pain Modulation ◽

Finger Pressure

AbstractBackground and aimsIn recent years, focus on assessing descending pain modulation or conditioning pain modulation (CPM) has emerged in patients with chronic pain. This requires reliable and simple to use bed-side tools to be applied in the clinic. The aim of the present pilot study was to develop and provide proof-of-concept of a simple clinically applicable bed-side tool for assessing CPM.MethodsA group of 26 healthy volunteers participated in the experiment. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were assessed as test stimuli from the lower leg before, during and 5 min after delivering the conditioning tonic painful pressure stimulation. The tonic stimulus was delivered for 2 min by a custom-made spring-loaded finger pressure device applying a fixed pressure (2.2 kg) to the index finger nail. The pain intensity provoked by the tonic stimulus was continuously recorded on a 0–10 cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS).ResultsThe median tonic pain stimulus intensity was 6.7 cm (interquartile range: 4.6–8.4 cm) on the 10 cm VAS. The mean PPT increased significantly (P = 0.034) by 55 ± 126 kPa from 518 ± 173 kPa before to 573 ± 228 kPa during conditioning stimulation. When analyzing the individual CPM responses (increases in PPT), a distribution of positive and negative CPM responders was observed with 69% of the individuals classified as positive CPM responders (increased PPTs = anti-nociceptive) and the rest as negative CPM responders (no or decreased PPTs = Pro-nociceptive). This particular responder distribution explains the large variation in the averaged CPM responses observed in many CPM studies. The strongest positive CPM response was an increase of 418 kPa and the strongest negative CPM response was a decrease of 140 kPa.ConclusionsThe present newly developed conditioning pain stimulator provides a simple, applicable tool for routine CPM assessment in clinical practice. Further, reporting averaged CPM effects should be replaced by categorizing volunteers/patients into anti-nociceptive and pro-nociceptive CPM groups.ImplicationsThe finger pressure device provided moderate-to-high pain intensities and was useful for inducing conditioning stimuli. Therefore, the finger pressure device could be a useful bed-side method for measuring CPM in clinical settings with limited time available. Future bed-side studies involving patient populations are warranted to determine the usefulness of the method.

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A Review of Nail Changes in Acrokeratosis Paraneoplastica (Bazex Syndrome)

Skin Appendage Disorders ◽

10.1159/000513828 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Bipasha Roy ◽

Shari R. Lipner

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Nail Plate ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Cutaneous Manifestations ◽

Nail Changes ◽

Paraneoplastic Dermatosis ◽

Acrokeratosis Paraneoplastica Bazex

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome) is a rare paraneoplastic dermatosis associated with internal malignancies. Clinical presentation is characterized by erythematous or violaceous scaly plaques involving the digits, nose, ears, palms, and soles. Nail changes commonly present concurrently with cutaneous manifestations. In this review, we characterize nail changes associated with acrokeratosis paraneoplastica. A total of 48 cases were analyzed. Nail findings were nonspecific, with the most common being nail plate thickening, onycholysis, subungual hyperkeratosis, longitudinal ridging, discoloration, and nail plate loss. In most patients, nail changes involved the majority of fingernails and toenails and most often appeared prior to the diagnosis of malignancy. The most common associated underlying malignancies were squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. A diagnosis of acrokeratosis paraneoplastica should be considered in patients with onychodystrophy involving multiple nails with accompanying atypical psoriasiform dermatoses. Screening for internal malignancies may significantly decrease morbidity and mortality for these patients.

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The Potential of Nail Mini-Organ Stem Cells in Skin, Nail and Digit Tips Regeneration

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22062864 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 2864

Author(s):

Anna Pulawska-Czub ◽

Tomasz D. Pieczonka ◽

Paula Mazurek ◽

Krzysztof Kobielak

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Critical Role ◽

Nail Plate ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Continuous Growth ◽

Physiological Conditions ◽

Morphogenetic Protein ◽

Slow Cycling ◽

Bifunctional Properties

Nails are highly keratinized skin appendages that exhibit continuous growth under physiological conditions and full regeneration upon removal. These mini-organs are maintained by two autonomous populations of skin stem cells. The fast-cycling, highly proliferative stem cells of the nail matrix (nail stem cells (NSCs)) predominantly replenish the nail plate. Furthermore, the slow-cycling population of the nail proximal fold (nail proximal fold stem cells (NPFSCs)) displays bifunctional properties by contributing to the peri-nail epidermis under the normal homeostasis and the nail structure upon injury. Here, we discuss nail mini-organ stem cells’ location and their role in skin and nail homeostasis and regeneration, emphasizing their importance to orchestrate the whole digit tip regeneration. Such endogenous regeneration capabilities are observed in rodents and primates. However, they are limited to the region adjacent to the nail’s proximal area, indicating the crucial role of nail mini-organ stem cells in digit restoration. Further, we explore the molecular characteristics of nail mini-organ stem cells and the critical role of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Wnt signaling pathways in homeostatic nail growth and digit restoration. Finally, we investigate the latest accomplishments in stimulating regenerative responses in regeneration-incompetent injuries. These pioneer results might open up new opportunities to overcome amputated mammalian digits and limbs’ regenerative failures in the future.

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