A Review on 3GPP 5G Security Aspects

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajavelsamy R ◽  
Debabrata Das
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Core Network ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Wireless Backhaul ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Unified Authentication ◽  
3Rd Generation Partnership Project ◽  
5G Security

5G promises to support new level of use cases that will deliver a better user experience. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) [1] defined 5G system introduced fundamental changes on top of its former cellular systems in several design areas, including security. Unlike in the legacy systems, the 5G architecture design considers Home control enhancements for roaming customer, tight collaboration with the 3rd Party Application servers, Unified Authentication framework to accommodate various category of devices and services, enhanced user privacy, and secured the new service based core network architecture. Further, 3GPP is investigating the enhancements to the 5G security aspects to support longer security key lengths, False Base station detection and wireless backhaul in the Phase-2 of 5G standardization [2]. This paper provides the key enhancements specified by the 3GPP for 5G system, particularly the differences to the 4G system and the rationale behind the decisions.

A Review on 3GPP 5G Security Aspects

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajavelsamy R ◽  
Debabrata Das
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Core Network ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Wireless Backhaul ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Unified Authentication ◽  
3Rd Generation Partnership Project ◽  
5G Security

5G promises to support new level of use cases that will deliver a better user experience. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) [1] defined 5G system introduced fundamental changes on top of its former cellular systems in several design areas, including security. Unlike in the legacy systems, the 5G architecture design considers Home control enhancements for roaming customer, tight collaboration with the 3rd Party Application servers, Unified Authentication framework to accommodate various category of devices and services, enhanced user privacy, and secured the new service based core network architecture. Further, 3GPP is investigating the enhancements to the 5G security aspects to support longer security key lengths, False Base station detection and wireless backhaul in the Phase-2 of 5G standardization [2]. This paper provides the key enhancements specified by the 3GPP for 5G system, particularly the differences to the 4G system and the rationale behind the decisions.

scholarly journals An efficient anonymous group handover authentication protocol for MTC devices for 5G networks

2022 ◽  
Vol 355 ◽  
pp. 03052
Author(s):  
Xiaobei Yan ◽  
Maode Ma
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Mutual Authentication ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Authentication Protocol ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Core Network ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Handover Authentication ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Signalling Cost

Machine Type Communication (MTC) has been emerging for a wide range of applications and services for the Internet of Things (IoT). In some scenarios, a large group of MTC devices (MTCDs) may enter the communication coverage of a new target base station simultaneously. However, the current handover mechanism specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) incur high signalling overhead over the access network and the core network for such scenario. Moreover, other existing solutions have several security problems in terms of failure of key forward secrecy (KFS) and lack of mutual authentication. In this paper, we propose an efficient authentication protocol for a group of MTCDs in all handover scenarios. By the proposal, the messages of two MTCDs are concatenated and sent by an authenticated group member to reduce the signalling cost. The proposed protocol has been analysed on its security functionality to show its ability to preserve user privacy and resist from major typical malicious attacks. It can be expected that the proposed scheme is applicable to all kinds of group mobility scenarios such as a platoon of vehicles or a high-speed train. The performance evaluation demonstrates that the proposed protocol is efficient in terms of computational and signalling cost.

scholarly journals Joint Optimization on Trajectory, Cache Placement, and Transmission Power for Minimum Mission Time in UAV-Aided Wireless Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Tingting Lan ◽  
Danyang Qin ◽  
Guanyu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Power Allocation ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Joint Optimization ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
Wireless Backhaul ◽  
Mission Time ◽  
Cache Placement

In recent years, due to the strong mobility, easy deployment, and low cost of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), great interest has arisen in utilizing UAVs to assist in wireless communication, especially for on-demand deployment in emergency situations and temporary events. However, UAVs can only provide users with data transmission services through wireless backhaul links established with a ground base station, and the limited capacity of the wireless backhaul link would limit the transmission speed of UAVs. Therefore, this paper designed a UAV-assisted wireless communication system that used cache technology and realized the transmission of multi-user data by using the mobility of UAVs and wireless cache technology. Considering the limited storage space and energy of UAVs, the joint optimization problem of the UAV’s trajectory, cache placement, and transmission power was established to minimize the mission time of the UAV. Since this problem was a non-convex problem, it was decomposed into three sub-problems: trajectory optimization, cache placement optimization, and power allocation optimization. An iterative algorithm based on the successive convex approximation and alternate optimization techniques was proposed to solve these three optimization problems. Finally, in the power allocation optimization, the proposed algorithm was improved by changing the optimization objective function. Numerical results showed that the algorithm had good performance and could effectively reduce the task completion time of the UAV.

scholarly journals Transmission of wireless backhaul signal in a cellular system with small moving cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoung-Keon Kim ◽  
Yong-Suk Byun ◽  
Geon-Woong Jung ◽  
Yong-Hwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Wireless Backhaul ◽  
Backhaul Link ◽  
Channel Information ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Water Filling ◽  
Noise Ratio

Abstract Deployment of small moving cells (SMCs) has been considered in advanced cellular systems, where wireless backhaul links are required between base stations and SMCs. In this paper, we consider signal transmission by means of multiuser beamforming in the wireless backhaul link. We generate the beam weight in an eigen-direction of weighted combination of short- and long-term channel information of the backhaul link. The beam weight can maximize the average signal-to-leakage-plus-noise ratio (SLNR), while providing the transmission robust to SMC mobility. We analyze the performance of the proposed scheme in terms of the average signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and optimize the transmit power by iterative water-filling. Finally, we verify the performance of the proposed scheme by computer simulation.

scholarly journals Improved Water-Filling Power Allocation for Energy-Efficient Massive MIMO Downlink Transmissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
M. K Noor Shahida ◽  
Rosdiadee Nordin ◽  
Mahamod Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Power Allocation ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Massive Mimo ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Downlink Transmission ◽  
Allocation Algorithm ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Water Filling ◽  
Water Filling Algorithm

Abstract Energy Efficiency (EE) is becoming increasingly important for wireless communications and has caught more attention due to steadily rising energy costs and environmental concerns. Recently, a new network architecture known as Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) has been proposed with the remarkable potential to achieve huge gains in EE with simple linear processing. In this paper, a power allocation algorithm is proposed for EE to achieve the optimal EE in Massive MIMO. Based on the simplified expression, we develop a new algorithm to compute the optimal power allocation algorithm and it has been compared with the existing scheme from the previous literature. An improved water filling algorithm is proposed and embedded in the power allocation algorithm to maximize EE and Spectral Efficiency (SE). The numerical analysis of the simulation results indicates an improvement of 40% in EE and 50% in SE at the downlink transmission, compared to the other existing schemes. Furthermore, the results revealed that SE does not influence the EE enhancement after using the proposed algorithm as the number of Massive MIMO antenna at the Base Station (BS) increases.

scholarly journals Energy performance of 5G backhaul wireless network utilizing hybrid centric-distributed architecture

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1343
Author(s):  
Hamza Mohammed Ridha Al-Khafaji ◽  
Hasan Shakir Majdi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Network ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Network Architectures ◽  
Distributed Architecture ◽  
Wireless Backhaul ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
5G Network

<p>This paper scrutinizes the influence of deployment scenarios on the energy performance of fifth-generation (5G) network at various backhaul wireless frequency bands. An innovative network architecture, the hybrid centric-distributed, is employed and its energy efficiency (EE) model is analyzed. The obtained results confirm that the EE of the 5G network increases with an increasing number of small cells and degrades with an increasing frequency of wireless backhaul and radius of small cells regardless of the network architectures. Moreover, the hybrid centric-distributed architecture augments the EE when compared with the distributed architecture.</p>

scholarly journals Frequency Domain Backoff for Continuous Beamforming Space Division Multiple Access on Massive MIMO Wireless Backhaul Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kazuki Maruta
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Multiple Access ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Packet Delay ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Spatial Multiplexing ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Space Division Multiple Access ◽  
Wireless Backhaul ◽  
Space Division

This paper newly proposes a frequency domain backoff scheme dedicated to continuous beamforming space division multiple access (CB-SDMA) on massive antenna systems for wireless entrance (MAS-WE). The entrance base station (EBS) has individual base band signal processing units for respective relay stations (RSs) to be accommodated. EBS then continuously applies beamforming weight to transmission/reception signals. CB-SDMA yields virtual point-to-point backhaul link where radio resource control messages and complicated multiuser scheduling are not required. This simplified structure allows RSs to work in a distributed manner. However, one issue remains to be resolved; overloaded multiple access resulting in collision due to its random access nature. The frequency domain backoff mechanism is introduced instead of the time domain one. It can flexibly avoid co-channel interference caused by excessive spatial multiplexing. Computer simulation verifies its superiority in terms of system throughput and packet delay.

Handoff Management in Macro-Femto Cellular Networks

2019 ◽  
pp. 227-249
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faheem Mustafa ◽  
Ayaz Ahmad ◽  
Raheel Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Handoff Management ◽  
High Data ◽  
Cell Network ◽  
Network Operation ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Time Required

With the rapid increase in data traffic and high data rate demands from cellular users, conventional cellular networks are becoming insufficient to fulfill these requirements. Femto cells are integrated in macro cellular network to increase the capacity, coverage, and to fulfill the increasing demands of the users. Time required for handoff process between the cells became more sensitive and complex with the introduction of femto cells in the network. Public internet which connect the femto base station with the mobile core network induces higher latency if conventional handoff procedures are also employed in macro-femto cell network. So, handoff process will become slower and network operation will become insufficient. Some standards, procedures, and protocols should be defined for macro-femto cell network rather than using existing protocols. This chapter presents a comprehensive survey of handoff process, types of handoff in macro-femto cell network, and proposed methods and schemes for frequent and unnecessary handoff reduction for efficient network operation.

Novel Energy Aware Algorithm to Design Multilayer Architecture for Dense Wireless Sensor Networks

2016 ◽  
pp. 79-114
Author(s):  
Naveen Chilamkurti ◽  
Sohail Jabbar ◽  
Abid Ali Minhas
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Unbalanced Load

Network layer functionalists are of core importance in the communication process and so the routing with energy aware trait is indispensable for improved network performance and increased network lifetime. Designing of protocol at this under discussion layer must consider the aforementioned factors especially for energy aware routing process. In wireless sensor networks there may be hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes communicating with each other and with the base station, which consumes more energy in exchanging data and information with the additive issues of unbalanced load and intolerable faults. Two main types of network architectures for sensed data dissemination from source to destination exist in the literature; Flat network architecture, clustered network architecture. In flat architecture based networks, uniformity can be seen since all the network nodes work in a same mode and generally do not have any distinguished role.

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