Fears and freedoms: A qualitative analysis of older adults’ basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, relatedness and beneficence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli Dendle ◽  
Laurie Buys ◽  
Desley Vine ◽  
Tracy Washington
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs

scholarly journals Schema in older adults: does the schema mode model apply?

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-349
Author(s):  
Katelyn Phillips ◽  
Robert Brockman ◽  
Phoebe E. Bailey ◽  
Ian I. Kneebone
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Schema Modes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground:The relevance of schema theory to psychopathology, in particular personality disorder, in younger adults is established. Investigations into the relevance of schema theory to older adults, however, is highly limited.Aims:To consider the relationship of schema modes to psychopathology in older adults and establish whether maladaptive schema modes are associated with unmet needs and that this relationship is mediated by the healthy adult mode of responding in this population.Method:One hundred and four older adults were recruited from an established database. Participants completed questionnaires assessing psychopathology, schema modes (YAMI: Young-Atkinson Mode Inventory) and basic psychological needs (BPNS: Basic Psychological Needs Scale – autonomy, competence and relatedness). Ninety-four responses were included after applying exclusion criteria.Results:The healthy adult schema mode was found to be associated with reduced psychopathology, and maladaptive child modes (angry and vulnerable child) to increased psychopathology. The healthy adult schema mode mediated the relationship between maladaptive child modes and needs satisfaction.Conclusions:As predicted by schema theory, the presence of one of the maladaptive child modes makes it difficult for an older individual to have their needs met, but the presence of healthy adult mode works to support this process.

Perceived Health Care Climate of Older People Attending an Exercise Program: Validation of the German Short Version of the Health Care Climate Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Heissel ◽  
Anou Pietrek ◽  
Michael A. Rapp ◽  
Stephan Heinzel ◽  
Geoffrey Williams
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Need Satisfaction ◽  
Basic Need

The role of perceived need support from exercise professionals in improving mental health was examined in a sample of older adults, thereby validating the short Health Care Climate Questionnaire. A total of 491 older people (M = 72.68 years; SD = 5.47) attending a health exercise program participated in this study. Cronbach’s alpha was found to be high (α = .90). Satisfaction with the exercise professional correlated moderately with the short Health Care Climate Questionnaire mean value (r = .38; p < .01). The mediator analyses yielded support for the self-determination theory process model in older adults by showing both basic need satisfaction and frustration as mediating variables between perceived autonomy support and depressive symptoms. The short Health Care Climate Questionnaire is an economical instrument for assessing basic need satisfaction provided by the exercise therapist from the participant’s perspective. Furthermore, this cross-sectional study supported the link from coaching style to the satisfaction/frustration of basic psychological needs, which in turn, predicted mental health. Analyses of criterion validity suggest a revision of the construct by integrating need frustration.

scholarly journals A novel behavioural INTErvention to REduce Sitting Time in older adults undergoing orthopaedic surgery (INTEREST): results of a randomised-controlled feasibility study

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2565-2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Avery Aunger ◽  
Colin J. Greaves ◽  
Edward T. Davis ◽  
Evans Atiah Asamane ◽  
Anna C. Whittaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Background Osteoarthritis is a prevalent condition in older adults that causes many patients to require a hip or knee replacement. Reducing patients’ sedentariness prior to surgery may improve physical function and post-operative outcomes. Methods We conducted a pragmatic randomised-controlled feasibility study with 2:1 allocation into intervention or usual care groups. The intervention, based on Self-Determination Theory, involved techniques to reduce sedentary behaviour, including motivational interviewing, setting of behavioural goals, and more. The primary outcome was feasibility, assessed using mixed methods. We included exploratory measures to inform a future definitive trial, such as ActivPal3 accelerometry to measure movement, the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Basic Psychological Needs, and cardiometabolic biomarkers. Assessments were at baseline, 1-week pre-surgery, and 6-week post-surgery. Results We recruited 35 participants aged ≥ 60 years approximately 8 weeks before hip or knee arthroplasty. Participant uptake rate was 14.2%, and retention rate 85.7%. Participants were very satisfied with the study which was found to be feasible with some modifications. Exploratory within-group comparisons found that the intervention has potential to improve SPPB by 0.71 points from baseline to pre-surgery, a clinically significant increase, and reduce sedentary time by up to 66 min d−1. Conclusion In this older surgical population, it is feasible to use behavioural techniques to displace sedentary time to activity and to conduct a trial spanning the period of surgical intervention. This may improve physical function and surgical outcomes. The INTEREST intervention is now ready for evaluation in a full-scale randomised-controlled trial. Registration This trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov on 13/11/2018. ID: NCT03740412.

Effect of “freedom of choice” on Task Performance and Well-Being During Leisure Activity: An Intercultural Study Among Older Adults in China and France

2021 ◽  
pp. 009141502110376
Author(s):  
Minmin Tang ◽  
Dahua Wang ◽  
Alain Guerrien
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Freedom Of Choice ◽  
Choice Group

Based on the perspective of self-determination theory (SDT) and the cross-cultural, the aim of the present study was to explore the effect of “freedom of choice” on the well-being of institution-dwelling older adults (elderly residences and nursing homes), in particular during leisure activities. Participants ( NChina = 67, Mage = 80.55 years; NFrance = 90, Mage = 82.19 years) were randomly assigned to the “elderly-choice” group or “staff choice” group to participate in a puzzle game. Consistent with SDT, results showed that basic psychological needs satisfaction (autonomy, competence, relatedness) was positively associated with elderly well-being. However, our findings did not demonstrate the importance of freedom of choice for promoting such well-being in the context of leisure activities for either culture; this may be related to the recompense of close relationships or else the particularity of the elderly population. Interestingly, competence satisfaction was observed to act as a complete mediating variable between task performance and well-being only in the French population.

Aging and Well-Being in French Older Adults Regularly Practicing Physical Activity: A Self-Determination Perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Ferrand ◽  
Sandra Nasarre ◽  
Christophe Hautier ◽  
Marc Bonnefoy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Motivational Profiles

The purpose of this study was to identify the motivational profiles of physically active older adults and to achieve a better understanding of their perceived motives to explain their regular physical activity behavior in relation to self-determination theory (SDT). To address these aims, this study used quantitative and qualitative approaches. Older adults (n = 92; M = 74.95, SD = 4.6) completed the French version of the Sport Motivational Scale. A cluster analysis showed two motivational profiles with differential motivational patterns. The first was named the high combined profile, with high scores on intrinsic motivation and introjected regulation and low levels of external regulation. The second profile was the low to moderate motivational profile, with low scores on intrinsic motivation and moderate scores on introjected regulation. The qualitative study’s results demonstrate the usefulness of SDT in explaining the relationship between these motivational profiles and the intertwining of the three basic psychological needs.

scholarly journals DOES MUSICKING IMPROVE WELL-BEING IN LATER LIFE? USING BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS THEORY TO EXPLORE THE QUESTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S312-S313
Author(s):  
Anna Wong ◽  
Koji Matsunobu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Musical Engagement

Abstract Older adults are vulnerable to developing poor mental health as they experience significant life changes such as retirement, widowhood, living alone, institutionalisation, physical and/or cognitive deterioration in oneself or one’s partner, which are associated with increased depression and loneliness. Understanding the mechanisms and identifying effective measures that strengthen their capacities to cope are therefore very important. Extensive research has suggested that active music-making with others has many psychosocial benefits for older adults. This study explored in detail the musical experiences drawn from different settings of Japanese and Hong Kong music communities. Semi-structured group interviews were conducted for members of music-making groups in Japan and Hong Kong who regularly practised, rehearsed, and performed their instruments together in community settings. A phenomenological approach was used to capture and analyse their lived experiences. A needs satisfaction theoretical framework was adopted to shed light on links between their musical engagement and wellbeing outcomes. Active musical engagement was found to be an important source of support for older musicians’ psychological needs. It was central to their positive identity development and sense of purpose in old age. The presentation will further elaborate on underlying mechanisms that linked social, emotional, and artistic experiences of active musical engagement to wellbeing. This study identified active musical engagement as an effective agent in healthy ageing. Differential manifestations of need-supportive practices in musically and culturally distinct communities in Japan and Hong Kong were also described, giving evidence for the positive value of community music groups for promoting mental health and wellbeing.

Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction, Motivation, and Exercise in Older Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rena A. Kirkland ◽  
Nancy J. Karlin ◽  
Megan Babkes Stellino ◽  
Steven Pulos
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Needs Satisfaction ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction

scholarly journals The effect of descriptive age norms on the motivation to exercise among older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-409
Author(s):  
Johan Pelssers ◽  
Katrien Fransen ◽  
Norbert Vanbeselaere ◽  
Filip Boen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Age Norms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Exercise Activity ◽  
The Impact

Summary Based on the principles of the Social Identity Approach (SIA), the present experiment aimed to examine the impact of communicating descriptive age norms on older adults’ autonomous motivation to exercise. Under the cover of a marketing study, older adults (n = 120; age = 65–70 years) participated in a newly created exercise activity, ‘Pattern Stepping’. This activity was framed as an activity that was descriptively normative either for older adults, for younger adults, for both groups, or for none. Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed that participants felt greater satisfaction of their basic psychological needs and were more autonomously motivated to exercise if Pattern Stepping was framed as an activity popular among the young, rather than among older adults. These findings suggest that framing an exercise as descriptively normative for the elderly can thwart older adults’ autonomous motivation if they do not identify as an older adult.

scholarly journals Self-Determination Through Technology: Understanding Physical Activity Engagement for Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 849-850
Author(s):  
Lyndsie Koon ◽  
Sean Mullen ◽  
Wendy Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Virtual Instruction ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Exercise Barriers ◽  
Support Research

Abstract Despite the known health benefits of exercise, only 30% of older adults (65-75 years) and 18.5% (85 years+) meet the recommendations for exercise. Barriers include difficulty accessing facilities, and lack of motivation and social support. Research results indicate that exercise adoption and adherence is higher among older adults when basic psychological needs are met. Technologies (e.g., exergames, activity trackers) have the potential to satisfy the three basic needs as indicated by the Self-Determination Theory. Technology may satisfy a user’s need for autonomy by offering different activities to choose from (biking versus resistance training) or intensity and duration options. They may promote competence by allowing for individualized goal setting and tracking. Technologies have the potential to promote relatedness through virtual instruction, subsequently removing the accessibility barrier. The application of this theory provides design guidelines for exercise technologies and a greater understanding of how technology may motivate exercise behavior for older adults

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