Comparison of the composting process using ear corn residue and three other conventional bulking agents during cow manure composting under high-moisture conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 919-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai Hanajima
Keyword(s):  
Bulking Agents ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Corn Residue ◽  
Moisture Conditions

scholarly journals Assessment of content and chemical forms of arsenic, copper, lead, and chromium in sewage sludge compost as affected by various bulking agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
Mahboub Saffari ◽  
Vahid Reza Saffari ◽  
Hojatollah Khabazzadeh ◽  
Hormazd Naghavi
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Bulking Agents ◽  
Chemical Forms ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Mobility Factor ◽  
Arsenic Copper ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractIn current study, the effect of various organic substances as bulking agents (BAs) including wheat straw, pistachio hull wastes, and tree leaves at different levels (10, 25, 45% v/v) were investigated on total concentration and chemical forms of Cu, Pb, Cr, and As in sewage sludge (SS) compost prepared by windrow method. According to the results, the composting process (with/without BAs), due to losses of SS mass and volume, increased the total concentration of heavy metals (HMs) compared to the un-composted SS sample (RSS). Evaluation of HMs chemical forms in prepared compost sample without BAs application (CSS) showed that the composting process reduced the mobility factor of As (from 28% to 20%), Pb (from 11.6% to 9.3%), and Cr (from 14.5% to 9.2%) compared to the RSS. Application of three BAs considerably decreased the mobility factor of As (17.5-18.8%), Pb (4.8-7.9%), and Cr (1.4-6.8%) compared to CSS and RSS. Changes of Cu mobility in prepared compost samples showed an unclear trend, however in some treatments, due to transferred organic fraction into exchangeable and carbonate fractions, increasing of this factor was obvious. Generally, the composting appeared to reduce As, Pb, and Cr availability by stabilizing the three metals and making them more stable and less mobile. In addition, the BAs application effect on HMs behavior of SS compost samples were so different and no specific kind of BAs can be recommended as a superior BAs in SS composting process.

scholarly journals Dataset of cow manure by earthworm bio-composting process

Data in Brief ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 106966
Author(s):  
Shuai Luo ◽  
Ruizhi Wei ◽  
Zicheng Qi ◽  
Qichao Zhang ◽  
Kaifen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cow Manure ◽  
Composting Process

Biodegradation of oil tank bottom sludge using a new two-phase composting process: kinetics and effect of different bulking agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1280-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Koolivand ◽  
Hamid Abtahi ◽  
Kazem Godini ◽  
Reza Saeedi ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Rajaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulking Agents ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Process Kinetics ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Oil Tank ◽  
Tank Bottom

scholarly journals Production and Germination of Conidia of Trichoderma stromaticum, a Mycoparasite of Crinipellis perniciosa on Cacao

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 1032-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sanogo ◽  
A. Pomella ◽  
P. K. Hebbar ◽  
B. Bailey ◽  
J. C. B. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Crinipellis Perniciosa ◽  
Broom Disease ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

Growth characteristics of the fungus Trichoderma stromaticum, a mycoparasite on the mycelium and fruiting bodies of Crinipellis perniciosa, the causal agent of witches'-broom disease of cacao, were evaluated under controlled environmental conditions. The ability of T. stromaticum to produce conidia and germinate on dry brooms was evaluated at three constant temperatures (20, 25, and 30°C) and two constant relative humidities (75 and 100%). T. stromaticum produced abundant conidia on brooms at 100% relative humidity and incubation temperatures of 20 and 25°C, but none at 30°C. Sporulation of T. stromaticum was not observed at 75% relative humidity at any temperature. At 100% relative humidity and either at 20 or 25°C, treatment of brooms with T. stromaticum suppressed C. perniciosa within 7 days. In contrast, at 30°C, treatment with T. stromaticum had no effect on the pathogen in brooms maintained at either 75 or 100% relative humidity. Mycelium of C. perniciosa grew from brooms at all temperatures at 100% relative humidity. Conidial germination on broom tissue approximated 80% at temperatures from 20 to 30°C. Results suggest that applying T. stromaticum under high-moisture conditions when the air temperature is below 30°C may enhance the establishment of this mycoparasite in cacao plantations.

scholarly journals Composting of cow manure and rice straw with cow urine and its influence on compost quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Phong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Ngoc Quynh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Compost Quality ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Plastic Foil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Phosphorous Content ◽  
Set Up

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of composting process of cow manure and rice straw with application of cow urine and to evaluate the quality of composting products. There were two treatment piles, in which one pile was applied with cow urine every week and another pile without urine application. Each pile was set up by one tone cow manure and 500kg rice straw. The piles were half-covered by plastic foil to protect from rain and turned one a week. The composting duration lasted 8 weeks. The parameters such as temperature, pH, DM, density and nitrogen were monitored and observed during the 8-week period. The results showed that there was a significant difference in temperature, compost quality and duration between two piles with and without cow urine application. The application of cow urine increased significant nitrogen and phosphorous content and shortened the composting process. This study recommends that cow urine should be applied for composting process of cow manure and rice straw in order to increase the quality of compost. The final product was in the range of matured compost level and can be used directly for agriculture crop. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng phân compost của việc bổ sung nước tiểu vào trong quá trình ủ phân từ nguyên liệu phân bò và rơm rạ. Thí nghiệm được thực hiện trên hai đống ủ phân, một đống ủ được bổ sung nước tiểu bò hàng tuần và một đống ủ không bổ sung nước tiểu bò như là một nghiệm thức đối chứng. Mỗi đống ủ được trộn 1 tấn phân bò và 500kg rơm. Đống ủ phân được đậy kín một nửa phía trên nhằm ngăn cản ảnh hưởng của mưa và được đảo trộn một lần mỗi tuần. Quá trình thí nghiệm được tiến hành trong 8 tuần. Các chỉ tiêu như nhiệt độ, pH, DM, mật độ và chất dinh dưỡng Nitơ và Phốt Pho được quan trắc trong thời gian ủ. Kết quả cho thấy có sự khác biệt đáng kể giữa hai đống phân ủ đối với các chỉ tiêu như nhiệt độ, chất lượng phân compost và thời gian ủ. Đống ủ phân có bổ sung nước tiểu có hàm lượng Nitơ và Phốt pho cao hơn và thời gian ủ ngắn hơn. Kết quả nghiên cứu khuyến cáo nên bổ sung nước tiểu bò cho quá trình ủ phân compost nhằm tăng hàm lượng chất dinh dưỡng cho sản phẩm phân compost. Sản phẩm sau quá trình ủ đạt mức độ phân hữu cơ và có thể sử dụng cho cây trồng.

scholarly journals BREEDING FOR INSECT RESISTANCE IN SWEETPOTATO

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 726e-726
Author(s):  
J.R. Bohac ◽  
J. M. Schalk ◽  
P.D. Dukes
Keyword(s):  
Insect Resistance ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Good Protection ◽  
Total Crop ◽  
Treatment Analysis ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Damage Protection

A two year study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of insect resistance in sweetpotato cultivars from our breeding program in combination with an insecticide (fonofos) and/or a parasitic nematode (Steinernema carpocapsae). In the laboratory, use of the parasitic nematode resulted in 99% mortality of Diabrotica larvae. In both years, much higher control of damage by all insect classes was achieved by the use of resistant cultivars in combination with a nematode and/or fonofos treatment. Analysis of the first year's field data showed the parasitic nematode treatment gave good damage protection against the WDS (Wireworm, Diabrotica, Systena), sweetpotato flea beetle, but not grubs. In this same year, fonofos only gave good protection against WDS. In the second test year, fonofos gave good protection against WDS, but the nematode did not. High moisture conditions may have affected the efficacy of the parasitic nematode. Host plant resistance by sweetpotato cultivars appears to be less affected by variable field conditions and accounted for 64% of the total crop protection (compared to the check susceptible line).

scholarly journals Mechanism That Allows Manno-Oligosaccharide To Promote Cellulose Degradation By Microbes And Composting of Cow Manure With Straw

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhua Zhang ◽  
Manli Duan ◽  
Beibei Zhou ◽  
Quanjiu Wang ◽  
Zhenshi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Redundancy Analysis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Sugar Source

Abstract New sugar source, manno-oligosaccharide, can regulate the structure of microbes. The effects of adding manno-oligosaccharide at four different levels (0, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% w/w compost) to cow manure–straw compost on the composting process, degradation of lignocellulose, and bacterial community in this study was investigated. The results showed that adding 0.5% manno-oligosaccharide had the greatest effects on accelerating the composting process, reducing the toxicity, and improving the stability of the product. After composting for 25 days, 0.5% oligosaccharide treatment can decrease the hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin contents to 2.25%, 11.25%, and 7.07% respectively, compared with CK. Manno-oligosaccharide affected the distribution of the bacterial community, inhibited pathogenic bacteria, and improved the abundance of functional genes. Finally, adding 0.5% manno-oligosaccharide mainly affected the degradation of lignocellulose by enhancing the C/N value and the abundances of Streptomyces and the secretion system during composting was demonstrated by redundancy analysis.

EFEKTIVITAS PENGOMPOSAN PUPUK ORGANIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ORGADEC

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Alfina Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
N Content ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
C And N ◽  
Total P

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of orgadec starter in composting cattle (cow) manure. The study was conducted at the KWT Berdaya in Samiran Village, Selo District, Boyolali Regency. The composition of organic fertilizer for each 1 ton of cow manure mix with 5 kg of Orgadec. The observed parameters were carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphor (P), and potassium (K), C/N (rasio C and N) content. The parameters were measured before and after composting process. Furthermore, the data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that Orgadec improved the composting process of livestock manure into organic fertilizer in terms of N-total, P₂O₅, K₂O and water content parameters, but only C/N ratios after meeting the standards in accordance with Permentan No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/ 2011. In theory, the composting process using orgadec takes about 3 weeks, however the result shows that the composting process should need longer time, so it needs further study.

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