Considering the impact of pregnancy on the natural history of hidradenitis suppurativa

2017 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Perng ◽  
J.G. Zampella ◽  
G.A. Okoye
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Natural History of NAFLD

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Raluca Pais ◽  
Thomas Maurel
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The epidemiology and the current burden of chronic liver disease are changing globally, with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) becoming the most frequent cause of liver disease in close relationship with the global epidemics of obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The clinical phenotypes of NAFLD are very heterogeneous in relationship with multiple pathways involved in the disease progression. In the absence of a specific treatment for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), it is important to understand the natural history of the disease, to identify and to optimize the control of factors that are involved in disease progression. In this paper we propose a critical analysis of factors that are involved in the progression of the liver damage and the occurrence of extra-hepatic complications (cardiovascular diseases, extra hepatic cancer) in patients with NAFLD. We also briefly discuss the impact of the heterogeneity of the clinical phenotype of NAFLD on the clinical practice globally and at the individual level.

scholarly journals S19 The impact of clotting abnormalities on the natural history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an extended follow up of a population based cohort

Thorax ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A13.1-A13
Author(s):  
V Navaratnam ◽  
AW Fogarty ◽  
T McKeever ◽  
N Thompson ◽  
G Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Modelling the HIV-Associated TB Epidemic and the Impact of Interventions Aimed at Epidemic Control

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-55
Author(s):  
P. J. Dodd ◽  
C. Pretorius ◽  
B. G. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Explicit Representation ◽  
Epidemic Control ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Tuberculosis Epidemiology ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In this chapter, we focus on mathematical models of tuberculosis epidemiology (TB) that include interactions with HIV and an explicit representation of transmission. We review the natural history of TB and illustrate how its features are simplified and incorporated in mathematical models. We then review the ways HIV influences the natural history of TB, the interventions that have been considered in models, and the way these individual-level effects are represented in models. We then go on to consider population-level effects, reviewing the TB/HIV modelling literature. We first review studies whose focus was on purely epidemiological modelling, and then studies whose focus was on modelling the impact of interventions. We conclude with a summary of the uses and achievements of TB/HIV modelling and some suggested future directions.

scholarly journals P286 Rate of colectomy in ulcerative colitis: Results from a Spanish cohort with 15 years of follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S295-S296
Author(s):  
C Rodriguez Gutiérrez ◽  
A Elosua Gonzalez ◽  
C Prieto Martínez ◽  
S Rubio Iturria ◽  
M A Vicuña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Biological Drugs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Incident Cohort ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spanish Cohort

Abstract Background Knowing the natural history of ulcerative colitis (UC) is essential to understand the evolution of the disease, assess the impact of different therapeutic strategies, identify poor prognostic factors and provide patients with understandable information who help them in decision making. It has been suggested that biological drugs could modify natural history of UC and therefore decrease the rates of colectomy. In Spain, infliximab is approved for CU since 2005. Methods We performed a retrospective study that includes all patients with a definitive diagnosis (DD) of UC or Unclassifiable Colitis (UC) in the Navarra Incident Cohort (which includes all patients diagnosed between 2001 and 2003 in Navarra, Spain). Our objectives were to analyse the Colectomy Incidence Rate (CIR) from diagnosis to the end of follow-up (12-31-2017) and identify predictive factors of colectomy. Results We included 174 patients with DD of UC (42.5% E2 - 26.8% E3) and 5 of IC: 44.1 women, median age 39.2 years (7–88), median follow-up of 15.7 years. At the end of the follow-up, 8 patients underwent colectomy (CIR 3 surgeries per 100000patients-year). Timing of colectomy was: 3 at the initial diagnosis (<1 month), 2 in the first 2 years, 2 at 5 years and 1 at 12 years from diagnosis. All had previously received steroids, 5 immunomodulators and 2 biological agents. In 7 (87%) the surgery was urgent and the indication, megacolon in 3 (37.5%), severe outbreak in 3 (37.5%) and failure to medical treatment in 2 (25%). In 5 cases (62.5%), an ileoanal reservoir was made and in 3 definitive ileostomy. Conclusion In our cohort, global colectomy rates are lower than those reported in other series and occur mostly in the first 5 years of evolution.

Screening for the early detection of cancer— II. The impact of screening on the natural history of the disease

1978 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Albert ◽  
Paul M. Gertman ◽  
Thomas A. Louis ◽  
Shu-ing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Detection Of Cancer ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals PROGRESS IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES: Advances in the Management of Low-Grade Gliomas

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren P. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Grade Gliomas ◽  
Response Profile ◽  
History Of ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Extensive Surgery

The management of low-grade gliomas represents one of the most challenging and controversial areas in neuro-oncology. Many aspects of the treatment of low-grade gliomas are debated, including the optimal timing of surgery and radiotherapy, the benefit of extensive surgery, and the impact of these variables on the natural history of these indolent and generally incurable tumours. The recently published results of several large multicentre trials addressing the timing and dose of radiotherapy have provided solid evidence for delayed and reduced dose irradiation. These studies have also confirmed prognostic variables that can be used to guide management of individual patients. Among these variables is the observation that tumours with oligodendroglial features have a better natural history and response profile. The recognition that as many as two thirds of low-grade gliomas have oligodendroglial features, advances in molecular diagnostics making accurate pathologic diagnosis of oligodendroglial tumours possible, and the established chemosensitivity of malignant oligodendrogliomas, have raised new issues surrounding the potential value of chemotherapy for low-grade gliomas. This review will be restricted to low-grade diffuse astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and low-grade mixed oligoastrocytomas in adults, and provide evidence-based guidelines for the management of these tumours, including the emerging role of chemotherapy as initial treatment.

The Impact of Intrathecal Baclofen on the Natural History of Scoliosis in Cerebral Palsy

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 684-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Shilt ◽  
Lawrence P. Lai ◽  
Michael N. Cabrera ◽  
John Frino ◽  
Beth P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Intrathecal Baclofen ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Simulating the Impact of Risk-Based Screening and Treatment on Breast Cancer Outcomes with MISCAN-Fadia

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 54S-65S ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen J. van den Broek ◽  
Nicolien T. van Ravesteyn ◽  
Eveline A. Heijnsdijk ◽  
Harry J. de Koning
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

The MISCAN-Fadia microsimulation model uses continuous tumor growth to simulate the natural history of breast cancer and has been used extensively to estimate the impact of screening and adjuvant treatment on breast cancer incidence and mortality trends. The model simulates individual life histories from birth to death, with and without breast cancer, in the presence and in the absence of screening and treatment. Life histories are simulated according to discrete events such as birth, tumor inception, the tumor’s clinical diagnosis diameter in the absence of screening, and death from breast cancer or death from other causes. MISCAN-Fadia consists of 4 main components: demography, natural history of breast cancer, screening, and treatment. Screening impact on the natural history of breast cancer is assessed by simulating continuous tumor growth and the “fatal diameter” concept. This concept implies that tumors diagnosed at a size that is between the screen detection threshold and the fatal diameter are cured, while tumors diagnosed at a diameter larger than the fatal tumor diameter metastasize and lead to breast cancer death. MISCAN-Fadia has been extended by including a different natural history for molecular subtypes based on a tumor’s estrogen receptor (ER) status and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. In addition, personalized screening strategies that target women based on their risk such as breast density have been incorporated into the model. This personalized approach to screening will continue to develop in light of potential polygenic risk stratification possibilities and new screening modalities.

Nationwide analysis: Changes in the natural history of low risk localized prostate cancer.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12-12
Author(s):  
John Thomas Helgstrand ◽  
Nina Klemann ◽  
Birgitte Grønkaer Toft ◽  
Ben Vainer ◽  
Martin Andreas Røder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Stage Migration ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

12 Background: Increased use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has introduced an increase in PCa incidence and a lead time and stage migration at diagnosis, altering the natural history of PCa. Contemporary PCa patients are likely younger and have smaller tumor burden at diagnosis. We investigated if changes in the PCa landscape have altered the course of low-risk localized PCa. Methods: In the Danish Prostate Cancer Registry (DaPCaR), patients diagnosed from 1995 to 2011 with localized (T1-2, N0/X, M0) PCa with Gleason score ≤ 6 were identified. Patients were stratified into three periods of diagnosis; 1995-2000 (period 1), 2001-2005 (period 2) and 2006-2011 (period 3). Competing risk analysis treating PCa and other-cause death as competing events was performed. Results: Of the 5,660 patients identified, 35.9% had undergone radical prostatectomy (RP). From period 1 to period 3, the median age at diagnosis decreased from 72.2 to 66.0 years and the median PSA decreased from 16.2 to 8.6 ng/mL. From period 1 to period 3, the 5-year risk of PCa-death decreased from 14.3% (95% CI: 12.1-16.4%) to 1.3% (95% CI: 0.83-1.7%), p < .0.0001 and the risk of other cause death decreased from 18.1% (95% CI: 15.8-20.5%) to 7.2% (95% CI: 6.2-8.2), p = 0.0001. In patients undergoing RP, the 5-year risk of PCa-death decreased from 0.67% (95% CI: 0.67-2.0%) for patients diagnosed in period 1 to 0.45% (95% CI: 0.0055-0.84), for patients diagnosed in period 3, p = 0.92. For patients not undergoing RP, the 5-year risk of PCa death decreased from 16.6% (95% CI: 14.1-19.1) to 2.0% (95% CI: 1.2-2.7%), p < 0.0001. Conclusions: In a nationwide cohort of patients with low risk localized PCa, the 5-year risk of PCa-death significantly decreased when comparing patients diagnosed during 2006-2011 to those diagnosed during 1995-2000. This was mainly driven by patients not undergoing RP. In the most recently diagnosed group, the difference in 5-year PCa-death between patients undergoing RP and not undergoing RP was small (0.45% vs. 2.0%). Our data demonstrate that the impact of PSA induced lead-time and stage migration has diminished the absolute effect of RP on the risk of 5-year PCa-death because contemporary low-risk localized patients have a significantly better prognosis.

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