The Urban Ethnic Community and Collective Action: Politics, Protest, and Civic Engagement by Hmong Americans in Minneapolis–St. Paul

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Hein
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Ethnic Newspapers ◽  
Hmong Americans

This paper replicates and extends Sampson et al.'s (2005) collective efficacy explanation of civic action events to ethnic communities formed through international migration. It examines political, social movement, and civic collective action of Hmong Americans in Minneapolis–St. Paul through a content analysis of events reported in one of the community's ethnic newspapers from 2002 to 2011 (N = 541). Initially a dispersed group of refugees from Laos, by the early 2000s, 25 percent of all Hmong Americans lived in the Minneapolis–St. Paul metropolitan area. Most (68 percent) of their collective action is for civic engagement, not politics or protest. This civic engagement is mostly for socioeconomic improvement (53 percent) but also social solidarity (47 percent). As Sampson et al. found in Chicago, the spatial distribution of Hmong collective action is shaped more by the location of ethnic and public institutions than by ethnic residential concentration. The paper concludes that the analysis of collective action events in ethnic communities should combine social ecology, institutional, and interactional models.

scholarly journals Mutual Cooperation Culture of Pakpak Ethnic Communities North Sumatera: As Far As The Student Understands It?

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hodriani ◽  
Julia Ivanna ◽  
Surya Dharma
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Civic Education ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
North Sumatra

The biggest challenge of the Indonesian people today is the weakening of national identity, which is marked by the fading sense of social solidarity. Egocentrism behavior is often seen and become something that is common in today's patterns of social relations. The culture of gotong royong is no longer used as a community tradition that is the wealth of the archipelago. This challenge is increasingly apparent because most of the younger generation seems to lack the awareness to preserve various traditions of the Indonesian community's gotong royong. Though gotong royong is a character as well as the national identity of the Indonesian nation that distinguishes it from other nations. Starting from this background, this study aims to find out how students' understanding of the mutual cooperation culture in the Pakpak ethnic community of North Sumatra. This research uses descriptive analytical method. The research subjects were Civic Education and Pancasila Department, University of Medan State. The results showed that the low understanding of students towards various cultures of gotong royong carried out by the Pakpak ethnic community in North Sumatra. This affects the mindset and actions of students to understand and preserve various cultures of gotong royong. From the results of this study it is necessary to develop a learning model that is able to build student awareness of gotong royong culture. The results showed that the low understanding of students towards various cultures of gotong royong carried out by the Pakpak ethnic community in North Sumatra. This affects the mindset and actions of students to understand and preserve various cultures of gotong royong. From the results of this study it is necessary to develop a learning model that is able to build student awareness of gotong royong culture. The results showed that the low understanding of students towards various cultures of gotong royong carried out by the Pakpak ethnic community in North Sumatra. This affects the mindset and actions of students to understand and preserve various cultures of gotong royong. From the results of this study it is necessary to develop a learning model that is able to build student awareness of gotong royong culture.

Voting Together

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Wong
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Saint Paul ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Skills ◽  
Identity Narratives ◽  
Hmong Americans ◽  
Hmong American

This book examines the political experience of the Hmong Americans immigrants, who first came to the United States as refugees of Vietnam War. In growing numbers, candidates of Hmong American ethnicity have competed successfully in elections to win seats in local and state legislative bodies in California, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. At the same time, average levels of Hmong American educational attainment still lag far behind levels in the U.S. population and high rates of poverty persist. Their relatively high levels of political engagement defy the logic of resource-based theories of voting, which explain a greater propensity of some individuals to vote resources available to them, such as higher levels of educational attainment or income compared to others Intergenerational mechanisms of social voting underlie political participation of Hmong Americans. Individuals are mobilized to vote through intergenerational social connections already established in associational, neighborhood, ethnic community, family, and clan networks. Identity narratives adapted to modern-day circumstances and popular notions from ancient oral texts serve to motivate collective action to redress of disparities of economic opportunity and cultural misrecognition. Only when local institutions effectively teach civic and political skills to immigrants and their descendants can political participation be sustained and deepened to combine voting with effective policy advocacy, the building of alliances across racial-ethnic divides, and collective action. The research included interviews of community leaders and grassroots residents from diverse backgrounds, primarily in three cities: Fresno, California; Saint Paul, Minnesota; and Hickory, North Carolina.

CHARACTERIZATION AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF ETHNO-CULTURAL TOURISM RESOURCES IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 126-143
Author(s):  
Aliyu Hassan Ibrahim ◽  
Hassan Ibrahim Adamu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
The People ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
Social Amenities

The paper examined the spatial distribution and characteristics of ethno-cultural tourism resources available in different ethnic communities in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The sampled communities are Ham, Fulani, Hausa, Kagoro, Adara and Gbagyi, field observations were also carried out for holistic resource inventory in the ethnic communities. Documentary data were obtained from desk review method; information on tourism resources available in each ethnic community.  The findings of the study reveal that the ethno-cultural resources were characterized into three groups that are made up of archaeological/historical monuments, cultural and festival activities, and artifacts; while the nature-based tourism, resources were also sub-divided into geomorphic and hydrological features. The study recommends that  There is the need for private public partnership (PPP) to foster visible ethno-cultural tourism development projects (tourism potential development, provision of social amenities to enhance competitive advantage and enlightenment campaigns), since the local and state Governments (basically in terms of infrastructural developing and policy issue that will providing an enabling environment for tourism projects to strive) cannot do all or meet all the yearnings of the people.

Parades, Picketing, and Demonstrations

2021 ◽  
pp. 368-388
Author(s):  
Timothy Zick
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
The United States ◽  
Collective Modes ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
The Government

This chapter focuses on parades, pickets, and demonstrations, which are forms of civic engagement that communicate aspirations, ideas, and, quite often, dissenting opinions to fellow citizens, governments, and broader audiences. For many, gathering together in public, in these and similar forms, is a cathartic act of self-fulfilment and a demonstration of solidarity. Collective action in the form of public gatherings is an integral part of any system of communicative freedom. In the United States, in addition to the freedom of speech, rights to ‘peaceably assemble’ and to ‘petition the Government for a redress of grievances’ are explicitly provided for in the First Amendment to the Constitution. Ultimately, parades, pickets, and demonstrations all further basic expressive values relating to self-governance, the search for truth, and individual autonomy. Nevertheless, Americans seeking to engage in collective modes of expression face a variety of doctrinal, legal, social, and political challenges. The chapter then details how digital connectivity has facilitated expressive opportunities by connecting individuals and supporting new forms of associational activity.

scholarly journals Spaces of Islamophobia and spaces of inequality in Greater Paris

2020 ◽  
pp. 239965442094152
Author(s):  
Kawtar Najib
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Population Census

This paper draws upon quantitative data collected from one of the principal associations fighting Islamophobia in France along with the population census, and provides a step forward in understanding the operation and distribution of Islamophobia. It presents a geography of Islamophobia in Paris based on statistical data, and aims to observe whether or not this geography corresponds or contrasts with geographies of inequality (such as those associated with gentrification, deprivation and marginalisation), by analysing the various spatial patterns stemming from the maps. This socio-spatial analysis of anti-Muslim discrimination is important in Paris because since the terrorist attacks in 2015, anti-Muslim sentiment has increased sharply. The mapping of Islamophobia and its association with the spatial distribution of different socioeconomic and demographic variables synthetized in a typological map display significant forms, relations and diversities within Paris. This cartographic analysis demonstrates that the geography of Islamophobia does not necessarily refer to spaces where ‘Muslims’ and the victims of Islamophobia live in great majority, and rather refers to more privileged and central areas such as Paris intra-muros. Victims mostly experience anti-Muslim incidents outside their everyday spaces away from their homes, such as public institutions and workplaces. Indeed, the findings raise the significance of the exact place where incidents occur as well as societal attitudes to these ‘hierarchical’ places where the perpetrator probably feels more comfortable in behaving in an antisocial and sometimes violent way.

Out-Migration and Ethnic Communities

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis E. Kobrin ◽  
Alden Speare
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Dense Network ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Chain Migration ◽  
Economic Ties

Comparative analysis of out-migration, based on a panel followed from 1968 to 1979, reveals substantial ethnic differentials. Part of the variation results from group compositional differences in social class and other characteristics normally related to migration, particularly age, education and local birth. Equally important, however, are indicators of social and economic bonds. These have been re-interpreted as mechanisms that promote ethnic cohesiveness. The results suggest that ethnic groups characterized by a dense network of social and economic ties do not sponsor out-migration, which has been the emphasis of many past studies of chain migration and migrant assimilation. Rather, they deter out-migration by providing alternative opportunities within the ethnic community.

scholarly journals Estimating intervention dose of the multilevel multisite children’s healthy living program intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 989-997
Author(s):  
Jean Butel ◽  
Kathryn L Braun ◽  
Claudio R Nigg ◽  
Rachael Leon Guerrero ◽  
Travis Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Healthy Living

Abstract Increased community collective efficacy (CE), defined as social cohesion among neighbors and their willingness to intervene for common good, is associated with improved community health outcomes. However, processes to increase CE and estimate its dose within an intervention are not well understood. The 2 year Children’s Healthy Living (CHL) intervention aimed to improve child behaviors known to affect obesity. We used data from CHL to estimate CE dose and examine its association with a successful outcome from CHL—reduction in children’s recreational screen time. Monthly reports from nine intervention communities were quantified, and CE dose was calculated for each community overall, at 4 time intervals (6, 12, 18, and 24 months), and for each CE building block—social bonding, social bridging, social leveraging, empowerment, and civic engagement. CE dose at each time interval and change in screen time was correlated using Spearman’s rho. Next, communities were categorized as having a high CE dose or a low CE dose, and differences between four high-dose and five low-dose communities were compared using a two-tailed t-test. The correlation between change in screen time and CE dose was significant (rs = 0.83, p = .003). Significantly more activities facilitating empowerment and civic engagement were conducted in high-dose communities, which were more likely to show improvements in screen time, than in low-dose communities. This method of estimating an intervention’s CE dose and examining change over time and effect of CE and its building blocks on intervention outcomes shows promise.

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